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Loyola Economic Outlook: proyecciones macroeconómicas (Primavera 2024)
Get PDFPrevisiones macroeconómicas para la economía internacional, española y andaluza realizada por el equipo del Departamento de Economía de la Universidad Loyola
Reflexiones en torno al Centenario de Alonso Cano
No full textSe ha superado el estudio del arte limitado a la conjunción forma y color, para dar paso a nuevas metodologías que, partiendo de las formas, intentan llegar a los contenidos o conceptos intrínsecos en cada una de las creaciones artísticas de las distintas culturas. Eso es lo que pretende hacer el profesor Martínez Medina cuando extrae la teología implícita de los siete cuadros monumentales de Alonso Cano dedicados a la Vida de la Virgen y emplazados en la Capilla Mayor de la Catedral de Granada. La reciente conmemoración del IV Centenario del nacimiento del artista granadino ha servido como telón de fondo a este estudio
Exploración de métodos experimentales para abordar la detección temprana de los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria y modificar distorsiones de la imagen corporal: un enfoque desde la tecnología eyetracking y el feedback auditivo
Get PDFEating disorders are complex conditions characterised by abnormal eating patterns, significant body weight or shape concerns, and potentially severe and persistent medical and psychological comorbidities. In terms of prevention, early identification has been identified as crucial to improving treatment outcomes and reducing the severity of these disorders. Research suggests that anorexia nervosa may be associated with eye movement abnormalities, which could serve as biomarkers and/or endophenotypes for earlier diagnosis. On the other hand, in terms of intervention, the clinical phenomenon of body size overestimation is often overlooked by traditional cognitive-behavioural therapies. This oversight is paradoxical given that body size overestimation is associated with poorer therapeutic outcomes, relapse, and the onset and maintenance of eating disorders. In this context, auditory body illusions, studied within the field of multisensory integration, have been proposed to: elucidate the aetiology of body size overestimation, and serve as a complementary cognitive-behavioural intervention technique to reduce body shape overestimation
Effectiveness of an interactive online group intervention based on pain neuroscience education and graded exposure to movement in breast cancer survivors with chronic pain: a randomised controlled trial
No full textPurpose
To evaluate the effectiveness, compared with usual care, of an interactive online group programme combining pain neuroscience education (PNE) and graded exposure to movement (GEM) for improving quality of life and pain experience in breast cancer survivors with chronic pain.
Methods
This single-blind randomised controlled trial included a sample of 49 breast cancer survivors who were randomly assigned to two groups (experimental: n = 22 and control: n = 27). The experimental group received a 12-week person-centred online programme based on pain neuroscience education and therapeutic yoga as gradual exposure to movement, while the control group continued with their usual care. The primary outcome was quality of life (FACT–B + 4); the secondary outcomes were related to the experience of chronic pain (pain intensity, pain interference, catastrophizing, pain self-efficacy, kinesiophobia, and fear avoidance behaviours). All variables were assessed at four time points (T0, baseline; T1, after PNE sessions; T2, after yoga sessions; T3, at 3-month follow-up). For data analysis, ANOVA (2 × 4) analysis of variance (95% CI) was used when outcomes were normally distributed. If not, within-group and between-group comparisons were calculated.
Results
Thirty-six participants were included in the analysis (control group, 22; experimental group, 14). A significant time * group effect was observed in favour of the experimental group regarding the global quality of life score (p = 0.010, ηp2 = 0.124). Significant differences in favour of the experimental group were observed for pain intensity, pain interference, catastrophizing, and pain self-efficacy. These differences persisted at follow-up.
Conclusions
An online intervention based on PNE and GEM appears to be more effective than usual care for improving quality of life in breast cancer survivors with chronic pain, as a time per group interaction was reported. In addition, the intervention also significantly improved the participants’ experience of chronic pain. However, due to the study limitations further research is needed
Valor pronóstico de la bioimpedancia eléctrica medida con el dispositivo IVOL en la insuficiencia cardiaca aguda
No full textIntroducción y objetivos:
La evaluación actual de la insuficiencia cardiaca (IC) aguda no permite predecir adecuadamente su evolución. La bioimpedancia eléctrica (BI) permite conocer el estado de volemia, hasta ahora solo con equipos fijos. Hemos desarrollado y validado un dispositivo portátil e inalámbrico para medir la BI en el tobillo (IVOL). El objetivo del estudio es conocer el valor pronóstico a largo plazo de la medición puntual de la BI con IVOL en pacientes con IC aguda.
Métodos:
Estudio de cohorte prospectivo de pacientes no seleccionados ingresados por IC aguda en un hospital de tercer nivel. Se analizó la asociación entre la BI y diferentes variables (clínicas, analíticas y ecocardiográficos) al ingreso y evolución clínica.
Resultados:
Se incluyeron 76 pacientes (edad media 66,1 años, 71,1% varones, 68,4% hipertensos, 34,2% diabéticos, NT-ProBNP medio: 7.103pg/ml). De ellos, el 52,6% con fracción de eyección del ventrículo izquierdo (FEVI) no preservada (<50%) y el 56,6% con disfunción del ventrículo derecho (VD). El 26,3% fallecieron durante un seguimiento medio de 35,8 meses. La supervivencia en pacientes con BI≤21,8Ω fue menor, globalmente, y en los subgrupos de pacientes sin FEVI preservada y con disfunción del VD; p<0,008). En el análisis multivariante una BI≥21,8Ω fue un factor independiente de supervivencia (HR: 0,242; IC 95%: 0,86-0,681; p=0,007).
Conclusiones:
Los valores de la BI medidos con IVOL pueden ser un predictor independiente de mortalidad a largo plazo en pacientes hospitalizados por IC aguda. Este valor pronóstico se mantiene en pacientes con FEVI no preservada y con disfunción ventricular derecha.Introduction and objectives:
The current evaluation of acute heart failure (HF) does not allow an adequate prediction of its evolution. The electrical bioimpedance (BI) allows knowing the state of blood volume, until now only with fixed equipment. We have developed and validated a portable and wireless device to measure BI at the ankle (IVOL). The objective of the study is to know the long-term prognostic value of the point measurement of BI with IVOL in patients with acute HF.
Methods:
A prospective cohort study of unselected patients admitted for acute HF in a tertiary hospital. The association between BI and different clinical, analytical and echocardiographic variables on admission and clinical evolution were analyzed.
Results:
76 patients were included (mean age 66.1 years, 71.1% men, 68.4% hypertensive, 34.2% diabetic, mean NT-ProBNP: 7,103 pg / ml). Of these, 52.6% with non-preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (<50%) and 56.6% with right ventricular (RV) dysfunction. 26.3% died during a mean follow-up of 35.8 months. Survival in patients with BI≤21,8Ω was lower, globally and in the subgroups of patients without preserved LVEF and with RV dysfunction, P<.008). In the multivariate analysis, a BI≥21.8Ω was an independent survival factor (HR: 0.242; 95% CI: 0.86-0.681; P=.007).
Conclusions:
BI values measured with IVOL may be an independent predictor of long-term mortality in patients hospitalized for acute HF. This prognostic value is maintained in patients without preserved LVEF function and with RV dysfunction
Mindfulness trait and the potential mediating role of emotional regulation strategies in bipolar disorder
No full textThis cross-sectional study investigates the association between the main symptoms of Bipolar disorder (BD) and emotional regulation dif-ficulties in adaptive and maladaptive emotional regulation strategies (ERS). In addition, this study examines the possible mediating effects of ERS with dispositional mindfulness and bipolar symptoms. Method. Twenty-four adults diagnosed with BD completed the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), the Altman Mania Self-Assessment Scale (ARSM), the Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-R), and the Cognitive Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ). Results. First, mul-tiple regression analysis showed how depression was significantly positively related to self-blame, whereas trait anxiety was positively associated with self-blame and catastrophizing. Second, the results of the mediation analy-sis have shown a significant mediation effect for the self-blame in the rela-tionship between mindfulness and depression (a*b = -.15; BCI 95% [-.36, -.03]) and between mindfulness and trait anxiety (a*b = -.09; BCI 95% [-.27, -.01]). Conclusions. Our results report the role of self-blame and catastrophiz-ing in BD and how these might significantly mediate between dispositional mindfulness and symptoms of depression and anxiety. These results suggest that a meditation practice focused on reducing catastrophizing and self-blame may be especially helpful for symptoms of depression and anxiety in bipolar patients
Consolidation in national accounts: Implications for municipal enterprises
No full textWe argue and find evidence that the spending of consolidated municipal enterprises is influenced
by elected officials’ incentives to meet fiscal policy targets. Our evidence indicates that municipalities have control over the operating decisions of consolidated municipal enterprises, despite
their autonomous legal status. Importantly, we find that the implications of elected officials’
attempts to avoid a fiscal deficit for consolidated subsidiaries’ spending do not extend to the
counterfactual case of non-consolidated entities also owned by the municipality. Therefore, while
consolidation promotes fiscal monitoring, it also plausibly enables politicians’ agenda to
permeate areas designated to be kept at arm’s length
Uncovering phytochemicals quantitative evolution in avocado fruit mesocarp during ripening: A targeted LC-MS metabolic exploration of Hass , Fuerte and Bacon varieties
No full textAvocado ripening entails intricate physicochemical transformations resulting in desirable characteristics for consumption; however, its impact on specific metabolites and its cultivar dependence remains largely unexplored. This study employed LC-MS to quantitatively monitor 30 avocado pulp metabolites, including phenolic compounds, amino acids, nucleosides, vitamins, phytohormones, and related compounds, from unripe to overripe stages, in three commercial varieties (Hass, Fuerte, and Bacon). Multivariate statistical analysis revealed significant metabolic variations between cultivars, leading to the identification of potential varietal markers. Most monitored metabolites exhibited dynamic quantitative changes. Although phenolic compounds generally increased during ripening, exceptions such as epicatechin and chlorogenic acid were noted. Amino acids and derivatives displayed a highly cultivar-dependent evolution, with Fuerte demonstrating the highest concentrations and most pronounced fluctuations. In contrast to penstemide, uridine and abscisic acid levels consistently increased during ripening. Several compounds characteristic of the Bacon variety were delineated but require further research for identification and role elucidation
El pensamiento y la tradición jesuita en el contexto intercultural de las primeras reducciones en la América hispana
No full textEste estudio trabaja sobre la hipótesis de que el pensamiento y la tradición jesuita han realizado una relevante aportación en el reconocimiento de la dignidad humana en la historia en el contexto intercultural de las primeras reducciones en la América hispana, específicamente en cuanto reconocimiento de la identidad cultural como elemento fundamental de esta dignidad. Se ha considerado muy tardíamente este reconocimiento de la identidad cultural como parte de los derechos humanos e intrínsecamente unido al concepto de dignidad humana, en la actualidad se ha trabajado en torno a al mismo, por ejemplo, a propósito de la necesidad de incorporar el reconocimiento del derecho a la identidad cultural de las personas migradas para una mejor integración de las sociedades que se van nutriendo de largos procesos migratorios, sobre todo
los acaecidos tras los procesos de descolonización europea que comienzan hacia la segunda mitad del siglo XX. Exploramos históricamente el complejo dinamismo intercultural en el contexto de las reducciones jesuitas del Paraguay y las fuentes ético-jurídicas, así como las propias carismáticas de la Compañía de Jesús que lo sustentan como fuente del reconocimiento de la cultura como exigencia de la dignidad humana.Proyecto I+D+i “Ética y justicia cosmopolita en la Escuela ibérica de la paz y la escolástica iberoamericana: aportaciones del pensamiento y tradición jesuita” (PEMOSJ2), ref. PID2020-112904RB-I00, financiado por la convocatoria de “Proyectos de I+D+i” de los Programas Estatales de Generación de Conocimiento y Fortalecimiento Científico y Tecnológico del Sistema de I+D+i y de I+D+i Orientada a los Retos de la Sociedad, en el marco del Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020, y cuyos investigadores principales son el Prof. Dr. Juan Antonio Senent de Frutos (IP1) y el Prof. Eduardo Ibáñez Ruiz del Portal (IP2)
Jean-Luc Marion y la reducción a y de la llamada
No full textEl filósofo francés en su obra Réduction et donation nos propone un nuevo principio –“autant de réduction, autant de donation”–, a partir del cual planteará una tercera reducción en el campo de la fenomenología. La pretensión de este artículo consiste en mostrar cómo este principio señala que la reducción, cada vez más radicalizada, no solo reduce en un sentido restrictivo, sino, más bien, abre o amplía el horizonte de la donación, puesto que permite penetrar cada vez más en el hecho mismo de la donación como tal. De este modo, concluiremos que tras la reducción fenomenológica-transcendental y la reducción ontológica-existencial se ejerce la reducción a y de la llamada, la cual subyace como el esquema fundamental de las dos reducciones anteriores. Esta será concebida como la estructura originaria de la donación