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PATIENTS’ REASONS CONTRIBUTING TO DELAYED HEALTHCARESEEKING BEHAVIOR FOR NON-PREGNANCY-RELATED ABNORMAL VAGINAL BLEEDING IN BOMET COUNTY, KENYA
No full textFULL TEXTGlobally, non-pregnancy related abnormal vaginal bleeding is common. A United States population-based survey of women ages 18 years and above reported an annual prevalence rate of 53 per 1000 women (Kjerulff, Erickson &Langenberg, 2016). The purpose of this study is to determine patients‘ reasons involved in delayed healthcareseeking behavior for non-pregnancy-related abnormal vaginal bleeding in Bomet, Kenya. The objectives of this study are to describe how individual, health beliefs, and institutional reasons, contribute to delayed healthcare-seeking behavior. A qualitative phenomenological method has been employed with a target population including women aged 18 years and above who have experienced non-pregnancy related abnormal vaginal bleeding. The study used a convenience sampling method for the selection of 17 participants from the inpatient and outpatient departments of Long is a Hospital and Tenwek Hospital (9 participants from Tenwek Hospital and 8participants from Long is a Hospital). In order to determine and select the respondents, the researcher involved clinicians at these two hospitals. The clinicians notified the researcher upon presentation of a woman with a diagnosis of abnormal vaginal bleeding. Using the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study, the researcher decided their suitability for the study. The principal investigator and research assistants collected primary data using in-depth interviews. Analysis of the data was completed using the Braun and Clarke framework for thematic analysis with the goal of reaching thematic saturation. NVivo coding was done where the participants‘ voices were assigned codes, categories, and themes. The guiding objectives of the study were found, in most areas, to agree with the findings. In addition, the impact of various demographic data has been explored. The following themes came out of this data; economic, fear, lack of knowledge and patients‘ perception on clinicians‘ competence (professionalism). This knowledge can be translated to the women in the community, women/village leaders as well as healthcare givers and also policymakers. Need for further research was also appreciated in this study
Music Beyond Entertainment: Changing The Mind-Set Of Kenyan Artists
No full textFull textThis paper takes analytical, descriptive and practical approach to unveil some new musical
perspectives and useful strategies for peace and social change engagements by musicians in
Kenya. While it is obvious that music entertains, it is not obvious that many of our musicians
are well positioned to effectively use music to bring about peace and social change as it is
sometimes desired. This paper therefore, proposes (a) Singing and Leadership (b) Percussion
for Inclusion (c) Nonviolence (d) the Creative Process in Peace-building (e) Motive for
Motion (f) Song-writing (g) Storytelling and Project Presentation (h) Trauma and Music (i)
Workshop Leadership (j) Drum Circles (k) the Musical Playground (l) Composing
Communities as critical areas our musicians should be enlightened to be able to effectively
contribute to the peace and social change initiatives in the society. The paper is a reflection of
my personal experience during the infamous 2007/08 post-election violence in Kenya as a
composer and performer, and how my training in advanced community music leadership has
impacted my creativity particularly in the use of the power of music to connect communities
and to bring about some social change
INFLUENCE OF APPROPRIATE PHYSICAL RESOURCES ON RETENTION OF PUPILS WITH DISABILITIES IN MAINSTREAMED PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN BOMET COUNTY
Get PDFThis research sought to find out the influence of appropriate physical resources on retention of pupils with disabilities in mainstreamed Primary Schools in Bomet County, Kenya. The challenge this study sought to address was low retention of Pupils with Disabilities (PWDs) in mainstreamed schools. This study was embedded in Systems Theory by Von Bertalanffy (1968). It adopted a survey research design. The target population was 840 teachers. Yamane formula was employed to get a sample size of 271 teachers. Multi-stage sampling procedure was applied. The findings of the study revealed that appropriate physical resources significantly influenced the retention of PWDs by = 19.2% (p<0.05). The study also reports a positive and statistically significant relationship between physical resources and retention of pupils with disabilities (r = 0.828, p<0.05). The study concludes that the supply of appropriate resources remains a major factor that promotes retention of pupils with disabilities. This means that when appropriate physical resources are provided to pupils with disabilities, their retention of pupils with disabilities in mainstreamed schools improve. However, a lack of these resources has been proven through the findings of this research that they cause drop out of PWDs from their schools. The study recommended that appropriate physical resources such as classrooms, toilets, dining halls, dormitories, laboratories and libraries in order to promote retention of pupils with disabilities be provided by school administrators
Kaizen Principle Of Constant Improvement: Could This Reengineer The Competitiveness Of Kenya’s Manufacturing Sector?
No full textKenya is an emerging economy averagely industrialized with manufacturing at the core
contributing significantly to the Kenyan economy. Manufacturinghas then been made Big Four
Agendas industrialization component. However, quality concerns are traced down the value
chain hamper theKenyan manufacturing sector competitiveness. Evidently, firms need to create
public confidence regarding quality systems. Kenya hasneither national culture nor a long state
coordinated manufacturing history so this poses a challenge. Further, while the manufacturing
sector subscribes to several standards, certifications and quality management systems, these do
not prescribe constant improvement as the Kaizen principles. The impact of the Kaizen principle
of constant improvement pertaining competitiveness of Kenya’s manufacturing sector is
examined. The study revealed lack of reinforcing quality culture despite subscribing to quality
standards resulting to none adherence to quality standards. Recommendation isthe need to
mainstream Kaizen constant improvement philosophy as manufacturing culture to improve
global competitiveness.Full tex
Effects Of Disaster Management Strategies for Mobile Telephone Service Providers In Kenya To Attain Business Continuity Management Best Practices
No full textFull textDisaster recovery is associated with broader issues concerning environmental management and
long – term sustainability of an organization. It is possible to plan for disaster recovery because
it can be foreseen and predicted. The paper is about establishing disasters management strategies
for mobile telephone service providers in Kenya which comprises strategies along Recovery
systems processes, employee’s safety, organization policies and infrastructure stability.
Descriptive research design was used in this research. The population of study consisted of fiftynine
heads of departments taken from the five mobile telephone service providers in Kenya
namely; Safaricom Ltd, Airtel Ltd, Equitel services, Communication Authority of Kenya and
Telkom Kenya. To sample the population of the study a census approach was used. The mobile
telephone service providers gave the primary data. A semi-structured questionnaire for collecting
data was used. The questionnaire was pilot tested to establish its reliability and validity. The
reliability of the data collection instrument was established through the Cronbach Alpha
Coefficient reliability test. Content and construct validity were tested through factor analysis.
Data analysis was undertaken using descriptive statistics; mean, standard deviation, frequency
distribution and percentages, Multiple linear regressions was used to test the hypothesis,
inferential statistics; Regression analysis model of fitness (R2), F-statistics, and associated Pvalue,
regression coefficient were generated for business continuity management best practice to
measure the effects of the independent variables. Attainment of BCM Best Practices was
established using Gartner Six Level Model
EFFECT OF ANNUAL COST OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ACTIVITIES ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF SMALL AND MEDIUM SIZED ENTERPRISES IN NAIROBI COUNTY
No full textFULL TEXTToday businesses are expected to take on additional social responsibilities aside from maximising profits and shareholders‟ wealth. Pressure from stakeholders have induced the businesses to espouse sustainable practices that look beyond their economic and legal requirements but also fulfil social obligations. However, due to their limited resources or lack thereof, small and medium enterprises, especially in developing countries, typically do not practice CSR or engage in reactionary CSR at best. They are largely linked to sporadic and non-voluntary regulatory compliance when they could adopt strategic sustainable responsibilities which are linked to improving financial performances of enterprises. Conducting more research on the relationship between corporate social responsibility and small and medium enterprises‟ financial performance can induce their strategic investment in sustainable practices that has a positive impact on their economic performance. This study therefore sought to analyse the effect of annual cost of corporate social responsibility activities on the financial performance of small and medium sized enterprises in Kenya. The specific objectives were to analyse the effect of amount spent annually in philanthropic, environmental and ethical activities on the financial performance of small and medium sized enterprises in Kenya. The study was anchored on triple bottom line model and stakeholders‟ and corporate social responsibility theories. A descriptive study design was adopted in order to observe and make inferences on the effect of corporate social activities spending of firm financial performance. The study targeted a population of 100 top performing medium sized companies in Kenya because of their rank as best financial performers in the country and their involvement in corporate social responsibility activities. Secondary data was collected by use of data collection form and the data was obtained from annual financial reports for years ended 2013 to 2018. Data was edited, coded and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results were presented in form of tables and graphs. The study will enable the owners of small and medium sized enterprises to understand the resultant effect of corporate social responsibility on financial performance of small and medium enterprises. It will also aid decision makers to make informed decisions about planning of sustainable objectives and allocation of resources towards achievement of those objectives. Using results from random effects model, it revealed annual cost of philanthropic, environmental and ethical activities by small and medium sized enterprises in Kenya can be used to predict the outcome of return on investment as a measure of the small and medium sized enterprises financial performance. Specifically, an increase in 1 unit on the amount spent annually on philanthropic activities lead to a decrease in return on investments by 1.4507 units, keeping amount spent annually on environmental activities and ethical activities constant. The relationship though inverse can be statistically can be used to forecast the outcome of return on investments. Secondly, when amount spent annually on environmental activities is increased by 1 unit, return on investment also decreases by 5.6109 units with other variables kept constant. This indicated that amount spent annually on environmental activities can be used to predict the small and medium sized enterprises returns on investments, though the relationship is inverse. Third, when amount spent annually on ethical activities increases with 1 unit, returns on investment increases by 8.3307 units keeping other variables constant, indicating that amount spent annually on ethical activities brought positive results on the SMEs return on investment as a measure of financial performance
Effect of Selected Strategic Human Resource Management Practices on Employee Performance at Equator Bottlers Limited in Kisumu
No full textFULL TEXTWith the development of strategy literature strategic aspect of human resource management in the organizations has been among the most remarkable subjects of research papers. The 21st century companies are keen on human resources as they are the assets for an organization. These assets play a major role towards enhancing the performance of a company. As these companies look towards optimizing their human resources practices, they evaluate solutions that provide strategic human resource/capital management. This well-developed, people-centered approach to business involves a variety of HR-related processes—such as recruiting, on-boarding, payroll, talent management, and others—working together as one, unified ―team‖ to improve the overall health of the organization, by building upon the individual strengths of its people. This study sought to investigate the effect of selected Strategic Human Resource Management practices on employee performance in the Manufacturing Industry, a case study of Equator Bottlers Limited. More specifically the study examined the effect of strategic staffing, strategic training and strategic reward on employee performance in Equator Bottlers Limited. The research was anchored on universalistic and contingency theories. The study adopted a case study with descriptive and cross-sectional research design. The target population of this study were all the 124 employees of Equator Bottlers Limited thus a census sampling method was used. Primary data which was collected by use of questionnaires. The self-administered questionnaire employed the Drop and pick later method. Piloting was done in Rift Valley Bottlers, Eldoret Town, with a sample of 11 employees to ascertain whether the instruments would yield the required data, and to further improve on the data collection instruments. The questionnaire was also tested for validity and reliability. Descriptive (percentages and means) and inferential (correlation and regression) techniques were used to analyze the collected data with the assistance of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. The three independent variables that were studied (strategic staffing, strategic training and strategic rewarding) explained a substantial 57% of the employee‘s performance in Equator Bottlers Limited as represented by adjusted R2 (0.577). The results further indicate that strategic reward(r=.674, p=.000) indicated the highest association to employee performance, followed by strategic training(r=.459, p=.012) and lastly strategic staffing(r=.443, p=.016). Multiple linear regression analysis using the beta coefficients on the line of best fit pointed out the decision rule was to reject Ho: βi = 0 since the regression coefficients were significantly different from zero and consequently Rejected all the null hypothesis of the study. The study recommends future research to explore these relationships by testing the causal order of employee commitment potentially that could affect perceptions of the system of SHRM practices and superior employees‘ performance. Therefore, the causal order needs to be investigated furthe
FACTORS INFLUENCING COMPLIANCE TO ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION ON POLYTHENE BAG BAN IN RONGAI SUB-COUNTY, NAKURU COUNTY, KENYA
No full textFULL TEXTPolythene bags have been preferred for packaging purposes because they are light in weight, cheap and resistant to degradation. Despite the benefits, poor disposal of polythene causes degradation of soil, water, land and air resources leading to health problems. Burning polythene releases Greenhouse gases mainly Carbon dioxide, associated with Climate change. Furthermore, polythene kills wild game, livestock and aquatic organisms. The adverse effects of polythene bags in the country led to introduction of legislation in the year 2017, banning light weight single-use polythene bags and in March 2019 on polypropylene bags as a mitigation measure. However, Reports of polythene bags presence in the Rongai Sub-County indicate lack of compliance of the legislation. Therefore, the aim of the study was to determine factors influencing compliance of environmental legislation on polythene bag ban in Rongai sub-county, Nakuru County, Kenya. The objectives aimed by this research study were to: determine the levels of awareness of the legislation; assess the perceived environmental effects of polythene bags; examine the influence of polythene bag alternatives on extent of compliance of the legislation and establish the extent to which enforcement capacity influence compliance of the legislation on polythene bag ban. This descriptive research design was employed from a target population of 147,017 (18,377 households) and 580 traders, proportionate stratified random sampling of 265 respondents in the five wards were sampled. Six Key informants were selected using purposive sampling; 5 chiefs from respective wards and one Environmental Compliance officer in the Sub-County, bringing a total of 265 in number. Instruments used for collecting data included; piloted questionnaires (0.74cronbach‘s alpha level) used on households and traders while interviews conducted for key informants. A focus group discussion of 5-10 members in each ward was held. Photography and Non-participant observation was adopted to add on collected information collected. Data analysis was done using computer software statistical packages for social sciences (SPSS version 22). Descriptive statistics was used to measure central tendencies with Chi-square at 5% level of significance ((=0.05) while Correlation and multiple regressions was used in inferential statistics. Familiarity on the ban of commonly used polypropylene bags was widely agreed at ( 2 =317, P<0.0001) while the least association was responses agreeing that there was sufficient awareness at ( 2 =52.4, P<0.0001). Hundred percent of the respondents significantly agreed at ( 2 =46.7, P<0.0001) that polythene bags kill livestock. 46.53 percent of the respondents agreed that cost for alternative materials carrier bags was expensive at ( 2 =156, P<0.0001). 48.16 percent agreed that Understaffing was affecting NEMA enforcement of the legislation at ( 2 =144.5, P<0.0001). In conclusion, the respondents had low awareness levels, lacked good quality alternatives and enforcement agency was found to be lacking the capacity to ensure adherence to the legislation. The study therefore recommends improved awareness campaigns of negative effects of polythene bags and incorporation of all stakeholders in the formulation of environmental policies and legislation in Kenya
The Moderating Influence Of Bixa ollerana Value Chain Government Policy On The Relationship Between Marketing Mix Strategies And Sales Performance
No full textFull textBixa is grown in Kwale, Lamu and Kilifi Counties by small scale farmers and further processed
for export by private companies as a natural coloring for butter, margarine, cheese and
beverages. Bixa Ollerana crop was recently scheduled as a cash crop by the Kenyan government
and its marketing has been left to small scale farmers. There is need for appropriate marketing
mix strategies to enhance sales performance of Bixa crop. Since no studies have been conducted
on the influence of marketing mix strategies on the sales performance of Bixa Ollerana, the study
addressed the research gap. The main aim of this study was to assess the moderating influence of
Bixa Ollerana value chain Government Policy on the relationship between marketing mix
strategies and sales performance. The study adopted descriptive and exploratory research design
mixed method approaches. The target population of the study was 2,419 Bixa farmers registered
in Kwale County. A sample size of 106 farmers was drawn using simple random sampling
technique. The study used structured questionnaire to collect the required data from the
respondents. The study used descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The interaction of the
moderating effect of Government policy on Bixa Ollerana value chain did not change the
relationship between marketing mix strategies and sales performance of small scale Bixa
Ollerana farmers. Promotion mix strategy remained the only marketing mix strategy (r = -0.286,
p = 0.000<0.05) that influenced the sales performance of small scale Bixa Ollerana farmers in
Kwale County, Kenya. The findings from the study will be of importance to practice, marketing
scholarship and Government on Policy formulation marketing of Bixa. The study recommends
that the Government of Kenya puts in place a policy framework now that Bixa Ollerana is a
scheduled crop, to regulate and promote its production, processing and marketing
A People Centred Community: How We Lost the EALA Debate on Representation
No full textAs a regional economic bloc, the main objectives of
the East African Community (EAC) s the "widening and
deepening cooperation among its Partner States in
among other areas the political, economic, social and
cultural fields. "1 In order to achieve these objectives, the
Treaty for the establishment of the East Africa Community
(Treaty) sets out fundamental and operational principles
to govern the achievement of the objectives.2 In the con
text of Law of Economic Integration, principles founded in
a Treaty are generally regarded both as a source of law
and guidelines on which states in an integration bloc are
expected to adhere to.3 The fundamental principles alluded to above include;
"good governance including the adherence to the
principles of democracy, the rule of law ... transparency,
gender equality as well as the promotion and protection
of human and people's rights in accordance with the
provisions of the African Charter on Human and Peoples
Rights. "4 On the other hand the operational principes
which are aimed at governing the practical achieve
ment of the objectives include among others "a people
centred and market driven economy. "5 The East African Legislative Assembly (EALA) is currently in
the process of constituting its membership for the fourth
Assembly since its inception. Entry into EALA (membership
is drawn from each of the Partner States)6, follows a pro
cess of election, conducted by the Parliament of each
Partner State, in accordance with the rules developed by
the Parliament of the Partner State.7
In Kenya, the eection of the members to the EALA has
hit a deadlock on account of the failure by the Minority
Coalition (Cord) to submit more names for election,8 as
proposed by the Joint Parliamentary Select Committee
on Election of Members to the EALA(JPSC).9 Athough the
formua on the sharing of slots by the both the Majority and
Minority Coalition has been agreed, the present impasse
threatens to derail the entire process.
This piece challenges the formula adopted by Parliament
on the sharing of slots. The argument propounded here
is that the formula largely ignores the participatory role ...