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Annual Report on Exploration and Introduction of Plant Genetic Resources Vol.40 2023 Cover, Index, Imprint, Back cover
Get PDF表紙・目次・奥付・裏表紙Cover, Index, Imprint, Back coverothe
Investigation and Collection of Crop Landraces/Farmers’ Varieties in Nikko City of Tochigi Prefecture in 2024
Get PDF本報告書では，2024 年 1 月に実施した栃木県日光市における作物在来品種の調査結果を記す．今回の調査 では，同市で作物在来品種の栽培を行う生産者や保存団体に対し，作物在来品種の来歴や特徴等の聞き取り 調査を実施するとともに，生息域外保全のために合計 7 点（アブラナ科 4 点，マメ科 3 点）について，それ らの種子を収集した．これらの種子は増殖後，農研機構が運営する「農業生物資源ジーンバンク事業」にお いて育種を含む研究または教育を目的とする利用のために保存・配布予定である．This report shows the investigation and collection of crop landraces/farmers’ varieties in Nikko City, Tochigi Prefecture in January 2024. We collected a total of 7 accessions including genus Brassica, Raphanus, Vigna and Phaseolus. The seeds were provided by farmers after hearing investigation of its information such as characteristics, origin, cultivation method and cooking method. These accessions are registered at the National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO) Genebank for ex situ conservation. The NARO Genebank will multiplicate and distribute the seeds of accessions for research and educational purposes (https://www.gene.affrc.go.jp/index_en.php).Figure 2点，Table 2点，Photo 22点articl
Field Survey and Collection of Crop Landraces, Wild Vigna and Glycine Plants in Okinoerabu, Tokunoshima, Kakeromajima, Amami Oshima and Kikaijima Islands in Japan in 2023
Get PDF本報告は，2023年10月16日から10月23日に行った鹿児島県の沖永良部島，徳之島，加計呂麻島，奄美大島，喜界島におけるマメ科植物遺伝資源および在来作物などの現地調査・収集に関する報告書である．現地調査の結果，ダイズ近縁野生種のGlycine tabacina (Labill.) Benth. （和名：ボウコツルマメ）3点，ササゲ近縁野生種のVigna marina (Burman) Merrill （和名：ハマササゲ）9点，Vigna reflexo-pilosa Hayata （和名：オオヤブツルアズキ）5点などのマメ科作物近縁野生種に加え，喜界島在来ダイズ1点，喜界島在来ササゲ1点，奄美大島在来トウガラシ１点の在来作物など，合計26点の植物遺伝資源を収集した．特に，沖永良部島で収集したG. tabacinaは，農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構（NARO）ジーンバンクにとって鹿児島県からの初収集かつ日本最北端のコレクションである．収集した材料はすべてNAROジーンバンクに保存し，研究，育種，教育目的のために，要望に応じて増殖した種子を提供する予定である．We conducted a field survey to collect crop landraces and wild Vigna and Glycine plants on Okinoerabu, Tokunoshima, Kakeromajima, Amami Oshima and Kikaijima islands in the Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan, from October 16 to 23, 2023. As a result of the field survey, we collected 3 accessions of crop landraces, including one accession of Glycine max Merrill, one accession of Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. and one accession of Capsicum annuum L., and 23 accessions of wild plants, including three accessions of Glycine tabacina (Labill.) Benth., five accessions of Vigna reflexo-pilosa Hayata and nine accessions of Vigna marina (Burman) Merrill. Notably, the G. tabacina accessions of Okinoerabu Island were the first and the northmost collection for the National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO) Genebank. In addition, five root nodules were collected from V. marina to isolate symbiotic rhizobia. All the collected materials were conserved at the NARO Genebank of Japan. Seeds of each accession will be multiplied in the NARO Genebank, and multiple seeds will become available upon request for research, breeding, and educational purposes.Figure 1点，Table 3点，Photo 5点，Sample Photo 23点articl
Investigation and Collection of Crop Landraces/Farmers’ Varieties in Tokushima and Kochi Prefecture in 2024
Get PDF本報告書では，2024 年 2 月に実施した徳島県および高知県における作物在来品種の調査結果を記す．今回 の調査において，同県で作物在来品種の栽培を行う生産者や保存団体に対し，作物在来品種の来歴や特徴等 の聞き取り調査を実施するとともに，生息域外保全のためにトウモロコシやトウガラシ，キュウリ等，合計 16 点の種子を収集した．これらの種子は増殖後，農研機構が運営する「農業生物資源ジーンバンク事業」に おいて育種を含む研究または教育を目的とする利用のために保存・配布予定である．This report shows the investigation and collection of crop landraces/farmers’ varieties in Tokushima and Kochi Prefecture in February 2024. We collected total of 16 accessions, including cereal, vegetable and legume. The seeds were provided by farmers after hearing investigation of its information such as characteristics, origin, cultivation method and cooking method. These accessions are registered at the National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO) Genebank for ex situ conservation. The NARO Genebank will multiplicate, conserve and distribute the seeds of accessions for research and educational purposes (https://www.gene.affrc.go.jp/index_en.php).Figure 1点，Table 2点，Photo 36点articl
Survey of Vegetable Genetic Resources in Lao PDR in January 2022
Get PDF本報告は，独立行政法人農業生物資源研究所とラオス農林省国立農林業研究所（NAFRI）との間で2014 年に締結した共同研究協定（JRA）に基づいて実施したラオス国における2022年1月の野菜遺伝資源の調査報告である．調査は，2022年1月10～22日にかけて実施した．今回の調査は，COVID-19感染拡大の影響により，ラオス研究員のみで実施した．今回の探索で，ラオス国北中部地域のルアンパバーン県およびサイニャブーリー県において，ナス栽培種Solanum melongena 124点およびその近縁種を19点，アブラナ属Brassica spp. 57点、ダイコンRaphanus sativus 10点の合計210点の種子サンプルを収集した．収集した遺伝資源の種子は，NAFRIにおいて保存するとともに，定型の素材移転契約（SMTA）を用いて農研機構遺伝資源センターに移転し，保存する予定である．また，NAFRIでは，これら遺伝資源の種子を自殖による増殖の後，特性調査を実施する予定である．さらに，日本では，土壌伝染性病害虫への抵抗性を含む特性を調査し，有望な素材を検索する予定である．Under the Joint Research Agreement (JRA), the National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences (currently, integrated with the National Agriculture and Food Research Organization [NARO]), Japan, and the National Agriculture and Forestry Research Institute (NAFRI), Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) have collaborated since 2014 to survey plant genetic resources in Lao PDR. The main objective of the current survey was to collect samples of fruit vegetable and leafy vegetable and related crop species in the Luangprabang and Xayabouly provinces of Lao PDR. Due to COVID-19 regulations, the January 2022 survey was conducted by only Lao PDR scientists. During January 10 to 22, 2022, we collected 210 samples, including Solanum melongena L. (124), additional Solanum spp. (19), Brassica spp. (57) and Raphanus sativus L. (10). The collected seeds were deposited at NAFRI; a subset of the collection will be transferred to the Genetic Resources Center, NARO, Japan, as backup under the Standard Material Transfer Agreement (SMTA) of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA). Seeds from these genetic resources will be reproduced via self-pollination, and NAFRI staffs will evaluate the characteristics of the plant material next season. Our plan is to evaluate the accessions’ morphological characteristics and resistance to Verticillium wilt, Fusarium wilt, bacterial wilt, powdery mildew, and nematodes in Japan.Figure 1点，Table 3点，Sample Photo 210点articl
Exploration and Collection of Vegetable Genetic Resources in Northern Cambodia
Get PDFカンボジアはウリ科，マメ科，シソ科およびナス科などの野菜の多様性中心の一つで，同国における作物 遺伝資源は育種において有益な素材である．そこで，カンボジア北部において遺伝資源を探索して，野菜遺 伝資源とともにそれら遺伝資源の栽培方法や特性評価に関する情報を収集した．収集した遺伝資源はセリ科， ウリ科，マメ科，シソ科，ゴマ科およびイネ科に属する 17 種からなる 113 点であり，4 つの州にまたがる 38 の地点において収集した．これら遺伝資源のうち，105 点は新規の 35 地点で収集した．一方，残りの 8 点は 2014 年および 2016 年の探索において訪問した地点から収集したが，これら 2 か年の同地点において収集し た作物とは種類が異なっていた．訪問した農家からの聞き取りに基づくと，在来野菜の栽培において，化学 肥料や農薬はほとんど使用されていないことが分かった．また，自家消費用にバジルやオオバコエンドロな どのハーブ類ならびにマメやアマランサスなどの野菜が庭先で栽培されていた．こうした状況は農家の家や 庭においても多くの遺伝資源が収集できる可能性を示唆していた．Cambodia is a diversity center for vegetables such as Cucurbitaceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, and Solanaceae crops, which could be useful genetic resources for breeding programs. Here, we conducted a field exploration in northern Cambodia to collect vegetable genetic resources based on their cultivation methods and characteristics. A total of 113 samples were collected at 38 sites in 4 provinces, including 17 species from 6 families: Apiaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, Pedaliaceae, and Poaceae. Among these 113 samples, 105 was collected at 35 new sites, remaining eight collected at sites previously visited in 2014 and 2016 explorations were different crops from samples previously collected. Chemical fertilizers, and insecticides were not frequently used for cultivation of vegetable landraces at neither these 38 sites, as well as those of previous explorations in northern and eastern Cambodia. Herbs such as basils or vegetables such as legumes and amaranth were cultivated at small-scale backyards near farmhouses and used for daily cooking. Thus, rich genetic resources may be found in and around farmer homes.Figure 1点，Table 3点，Photo 34点，Sample Photo 113点articl
Exploration and Collection of Sugarcane Wild Species (Saccharum spontaneum L.) in the Northwestern Part of Chiba Prefecture and the Southwestern Part of Ibaraki Prefecture
Get PDFサトウキビ遺伝資源の拡充を目的として，2023 年 9 月 4 日～ 6 日に千葉県北西部および茨城県南西部にお いてサトウキビ野生種（Saccharum spontaneum）の探索および収集を実施した．この探索において，利根川と 江戸川の堤防において 6 点のサトウキビ野生種を収集した．With the aim of expanding sugarcane genetic resources, an exploration and collection of sugarcane wild species, Saccharum spontaneum L., was carried out in the northwestern part of Chiba Prefecture and the southwestern part of Ibaraki Prefecture from September 4 to 6 in 2023. In this exploration, 6 accessions were collected from the bank of Tone River and Edo RiveFigure 1点，Table 2点，Photo 7点articl
Collaborative Exploration of Plant Genetic Resources in the Mountainous Northwest of Vietnam, January, 2024
Get PDF本報告は農林水産省委託プロジェクト研究「海外植物遺伝資源の民間等への提供促進」において実施され た，ベトナム北部山岳地帯におけるトウガラシ・ナス属等植物遺伝資源の共同探索・収集に関するものであ る．本探索は国立研究開発法人農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構（NARO）とベトナム農業科学アカデミー 植物資源センター（PRC）との間で締結された共同研究協定に基づいて，2024 年 1 月 15 ～ 1 月 25 日に行わ れた．本探索では，北ベトナムのカオバン省バオラックおよびトゥエンクアン省ナハンの山岳地帯において， トウガラシ属・ナス属植物を主とする植物遺伝資源の探索を行った．当該地域はザオ族，モン族，タイ族等 の少数民族が居住する地域であり，現地農家の生産圃場，裏庭，地元市場から，成熟果実および種子を収集 した．収集の結果，ナス科 53 点（トウガラシ属 39 点，ナス属 14 点），マメ科 19 点，ウリ科 16 点，その他 6 点を合わせた合計 94 点の植物遺伝資源が収集された．トウガラシ属植物については，居住民族の差異によ らず，Capsicum frutescens L. が最も多く栽培・利用されたいた．一方，ナス属遺伝資源ついては，ナス（Solanum melongena L.）の他，近縁野生種であるイヌホオズキ（S. nigrum L.）の食用利用がみられた．ベトナム北部に は収集された種子は NARO と PRC のジーンバンクに保存され，利用可能な遺伝資源として利用される．Several explorations from the Plant Genetic Resources in Asia project have been implemented in Vietnam since 2014, through a collaborative effort between the National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO) and the Vietnamese Academy of Agricultural Plant Resources Center (PRC). As part of the project, we mainly explored and collected Capsicum and Solanum plant genetic resources in Northern mountainous of Vietnam from January 15 to 25, 2024. We visited Bao Lac district in the Cao Bang province and Na Hang district in Tuyen Quang provinces. Consequently, we collected a total of 94 accessions from the storage, backyards, and fields of farmers or local markets. These accessions included 53 Solanaceae (39 Capsicum spp. and 14 Solanum spp.), 19 Fabaceae, 16 Cucurbitaceae, and 6 others. Focusing on the collected Capsicum accessions, we observed that Capsicum frutescens L. was the most dominant species in Northern mountainous of Vietnam, regardless of differences in the ethnic groups present. This species was mainly utilized as a pungent spice for self-consumption. These peppers were not grown by farmers, but some plants grew wild on their own. Regarding the Solanum accessions, local people were revealed to not only eat Solanum melongena L. but also its relatives, such as Solanum nigrum L. In contrast, they hardly utilized Solanum torvum Sw. Regarding the collected plant genetic resources, half of the seeds were preserved in PRC, while the subsets will be transferred to the Gene Bank in NARO under a material transfer agreement.Figure 1点，Table 3点，Sample Photo 99点articl
A Survey on the Preservation of Habitats of Vigna marina and Vigna riukiuensis on Miyako Islands
Get PDF2024 年 6 月 25 日および 26 日に，宮古島，伊良部島，来間島，池間島を含む宮古諸島で現地調査を実施 し，これまでに探索した Vigna marina および Vigna riukiuensis の生育地の保全状況を確認した．調査では，V. marina の生育地 16 か所，V. riukiuensis の生育地 2 か所を含む，合計 11 地点を確認した．また，渡口の浜に おいて V. marina の種子を採取し，農研機構 (NARO) に保存した．採取した種子は耐塩性に関する研究に活用 する予定である．A field survey was conducted on Miyako islands, including Irabu island, Miyako island, Kurima island and Ikema island on June 25 and 26 in 2024, to confirm the preservation of previously explored sites for Vigna marina (Burman) Merrill and Vigna riukiuensis (Ohwi) Ohwi & Ohashi. A total of 11 sites including 16 habitats for V. marina and 2 habitats for V. rirukiuensis were surveyed and all sites were found positive in accommodating the populations.Figure 1点，Table 2点，Photo 15点articl