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Innovative Method dedicated to the development of a ferrite-pearlite grade regarding its MAChinability (IMMAC): final report
Get PDFFerrite-pearlite (FP) steels are the most common material for engineering and automotive industries (gear box parts, crankshaft, connecting rods, injection parts…). Without any extensive research, considering the different morphology of ferrite-perlite possible to achieve, it may be assumed that the machining performances are highly dependent on the FP parameters. Nevertheless, even now, we observe larger tolerances on requirements specification on FP steels which cause variability on microstructure morphology not always perceptible with standard metallurgical characterizations.
In some case, the technical specification causes complex customer complaints between steelmakers and their customers: the microstructure seems as expected but unacceptable variability in machinability is observed. IMMAC project aims to develop a numerical method to predict the machining performances of designed FP steels depending on their microstructural parameters; and to use this method as a flexible steel development strategy to better design the machinability-improved grades tailored according to the part and its machining range. Three cutting technologies were studied: turning, drilling and broaching. The figure below shows a scheme of the research approach with proposed work packages (WP) interrelation. D0, D1 and D2 are main deliverables of the project
Searching, evaluating and selecting information: discourses and practices of secondary students and teachers
Get PDFAzterketa honetan, Bigarren Hezkuntzako ikasle eta irakasleek ikasgelan informazio
digitala bilatzeko, ebaluatzeko eta hautatzeko orduan erabiltzen dituzten diskurtsoa eta praktika alderatu nahi dira. Kasu-azterketa bat izanik, hainbat iturritako datuak triangelatu dira (eztabaida-taldeetakoak, eskoletakoak eta aurrez aurreko elkarrizketetakoak). Emaitzen arabera, ikasleek badute interesa
ikasgelan Internetera konektatuta lan egiteko, baina zailtasunak dituzte bideo eta grafikoak interpretatzeko, eta ez dute kontuan hartzen nor diren testuen egileak. Bestalde, irakasleek ikusten dute beren
rola zalantzan jartzen dela, eta uzkur jokatzen dute aldaketaren aurrean. Ondorioetan ikusiko dugunez,
informazioa alfabetizatzeko didaktika bat behar da, ikasleen praktika eta interes errealetatik abiatuko
dena. Horretarako, irakasleen rola eta sinesmenak aldatu behar diraThis study seeks to contrast the discourse and practice of students and secondary school
teachers when searching, evaluating and selecting digital information in a secondary classroom. This
is a case study that has used a multi-source data triangulation (discussion groups, class registration
and self-report interviews). The results indicate the interest of the students to work connected to the internet in the classroom, although it is observed that it has difficulties in the interpretation of videos and
graphics, and that it does not take into account the authorship of the text. On the other hand, teachers
have questioned their role and show reluctance to change. The conclusions suggest that a didactic of
informational literacy is necessary based on the real practices and interests of the students. For this, a
change of role and beliefs of the teaching staff is required
Search, evaluation and selection of digital information in a secondary classroom: Tensions between the practice and the discourse of teachers and students
Get PDFEn un contexto comunicativo donde cada vez hay más información disponible, uno de
los objetivos de la escuela es que el alumnado desarrolle una actitud crítica. Los
estudios sobre alfabetización informacional en las aulas han observado inconsistencias
entre el discurso y la práctica didáctica, y entre el uso previsto y el real de las TIC. Este
estudio busca contrastar el discurso y la práctica del alumnado y del profesorado al
buscar, evaluar y seleccionar información digital en un aula de secundaria. Se ha
utilizado una triangulación de datos multifuente (grupos de discusión, registro de clases,
autoconfontación). Los resultados señalan que el alumnado muestra interés por la tarea,
si bien su percepción se ve condiciona por los adultos. Los estudiantes tienen
dificultades en la interpretación de vídeos y gráficos y le dan poco valor a la autoría del
texto. Por otro lado, los docentes ven cuestionado su rol y aunque son conscientes de
las carencias del alumnado se muestran reticentes a trabajarlas en el aula. Las
conclusiones apuntan que es necesaria una didáctica de la alfabetización informacional
que parta de las prácticas reales e intereses del alumnado. Para ello, se requiere un
cambio de rol y de creencias del profesorado.In a communicative context where more and more information is available, one of the
objectives of the school is for the students to develop a critical attitude. Studies on
information literacy in classrooms have observed inconsistencies between discourse and
didactic practice, and a significant distance between the intended and actual use of ICT
in class. Therefore, this study seeks to contrast the discourse and practice of both
students and teachers when searching, evaluating and selecting digital information in a
secondary classroom. This is a case study that has used a multi-source data
triangulation (discussion groups, activity record, self-confrontation). The results indicate
that the students show interest in the task, although their perception is conditioned by
the adults. Students have difficulties in interpreting videos and graphics and give little
value to the authorship of the text. On the other hand, teachers have questioned their
role and although they are aware of the lacks of students, teachers are reluctant to work
in the classroom. The conclusions suggest that it is necessary to develop a didactic of
informational literacy based on the real practices and interests of the students. For this,
a change of role and beliefs of the teaching staff is required
The district energy-efficient retrofitting of Torrelago (Laguna de Duero - Spain)
Get PDFThe urban growth is estimated to reach up the 66 % by 2050 and consequently the need of resources within the cities will increase significantly. This, combined with the 40 % of energy consumption and 36 % of CO2 emissions of the building sector, makes necessary to accelerate the transition towards more sustainable cities. The CITyFiED project contributes to this transition, aiming to develop an innovative and holistic methodological approach for energy-efficient district renovation and deliver three large scale demonstration cases in the cities of Lund (Sweden), Laguna de Duero (Spain) and Soma (Turkey). CITyFiED methodology consists of several phases that ease the decision-making tasks towards the district renovation, considering the energy efficiency as the main pillar and local authorities as clients. For the case of Torrelago district (Spain) the intervention consists of a set of energy conservative measures including the façade retrofitting of 143.025 m2 of living space in 31 twelve-storey buildings; the renovation of the district heating network with a new biomass thermal plant; the integration of renewable energy sources, including a micro-cogeneration system, and the installation of individual smart meters. After the renovation action, one-year monitoring campaign is ongoing. The CITyFiED monitoring platform will collect information from the energy systems and deliver environmental, technical, economic and social key performance indicators by March 2019. At the end of the project the achievement of the predefined goals will be verified: up to 36 % of energy saving and 3,429 tons-CO2/yr emissions saving covering the 59,4 % of the energy consumption with renewable source
Experimental analysis of cutting force reduction during ultrasonic assisted turning of Ti6Al4V
Get PDFThe machining of difficult-to-cut materials involves limitations leading to low productivity in conventional machining processes due to high cutting forces and tool wear rates. The ultrasonic assisted machining techniques have been reported to reduce these drawbacks significantly, enabling the increase of productivity when machining this kind of materials. In the case of the reductions on cutting forces and their control, they can lead to important improvements concerning achievable Material Removal Rates (MRR) on processes where the maximum cutting forces are limited due to part-tool deflections or the appearance of chatter vibrations. The present study analyses the cutting force reductions generated when ultrasonically assisted turning of Ti6Al4V. The obtained results were analyzed for identifying the most relevant parameters generating such force reductions. Finally, an empirical model was developed allowing the calculation of the cutting forces to be generated during ultrasonic assisted turning operations of Ti6Al4V
How to negotiate with dominant suppliers? A game-theory perspective from the industry
Get PDFThe negotiation with dominant suppliers usually drives to locked-in situation in which buyers have no choice but to accept the given conditions. Commonly found in the industry, there is a need to provide new insights to practitioners to leverage competition.
Specifically, researchers apply and test concepts from Game-Theory in a real supplier selection process in the port cranes industry.
Our research shows that existing literature in Game-Theory is mostly descriptive, very focused on auctions and has still limitations regarding the design, application and impact of these supplier selection concepts. Therefore, it is presented one of the first field studies presenting the application of game-trees and backward induction (tools from Game-Theory) for the design and execution of a real bargaining, including the hows and whys of our decisions. The results suggest that using Game-Theory can enhance the chance to have better negotiation outcomes by predicting the possible outcomes and prescribing the best fitting game to be design in order to increase competition among suppliers
Implementing Open Innovation in Research and Technology Organisations: Approaches and Impact
Get PDFThis article seeks to answer the question of how value proposition is created using a human-centred approach in the context of deservitization, in general, and service dilution, in particular. The article aims to describe the Research and development organisations (RTOs) are at the heart of innovation systems. They help to connect innovation system actors to foster industrial innovation. Due to this intermediary role, they act as paradigmatic open innovation (OI) actors. In this context, RTOs need to balance
their knowledge stocks and flows, while assuring their own innovation capabilities and positively impacting the innovation system they influence. Thus, RTOs need to develop collaboration approaches that support their own performance while increasing their capabilities and not threatening their competitive advantages derived from their knowledge stock. In this study we extend the OI research to research organisations analysing their OI approach and the impact on its own performance, developing a new framework for OI study in RTOs using a partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) approach. The research, based on a sample of Spanish RTOs, arises two substantive conclusions. First, an increased number of collaboration partners (collaboration breadth) and the use of a variety of OI practices have a strong impact on RTOs’ overall performance (scientific, transference, and economic results). Second, RTOs need to foster their aperture and promote an active management to benefit from collaborating partners, whereas managers should pay special attention to questions related to the protection and management of intellectual property when promoting the use of different OI practices. Both results also emphasise the importance of managing firms’ knowledge flows in the implementation of OI in RTOs
Electric Vehicle Inverter Electro-Thermal Models Oriented to Simulation Speed and Accuracy Multi-Objective Targets
Get PDFWith the increasing demand for electric vehicles, the requirements of the market are changing ever faster. Therefore, there is a need to improve the electric car’s design time, where simulations could be an appropriate tool for this task. In this paper, the modeling and simulation of an inverter for an electric vehicle are presented. Four different modeling approaches are proposed, depending on the required simulation speed and accuracy in each case. In addition, these models can provide up to 150 different electric modeling and three different thermal modeling variants. Therefore, in total, there were 450 different electrical and thermal variants. These variants are easily selectable and usable and offer different options to calculate the electrical parameters of the inverter. Finally, the speed and accuracy of the different models were compared and the obtained results presented