748 research outputs found
Sort by
Strategic Human Resource Management: 37 years in academia, how many in practice? A focus on Large Companies
Full text linkIn the fast-changing global workplace of today, maintaining competitive advantage has become imperative to survival. Employees matter today more than ever since they become non-imitable sources of firm uniqueness that can deliver value to every stakeholder. Based on this, the field of Strategic HRM has gained a special interest among researchers and practitioners since it employs a strategic approach to the role of employees within the organisations. However, looking at the business world results, it looks like there is a divorce between academia and practitioners and that they are operating in a parallel way. With the aim of evidencing this gap and echoing this issue, this chapter is structured as follows. It starts with a summary of the research conducted under the SHRM field in the last two decades. It follows with a section that evidences the gap between research and practice showing the results of global companies’ surveys related to people management. In the third section a special focus on big companies is done due to their importance when legitimizing managerial trends. The chapter finishes with some conclusions and thoughts for future managers
Employee Satisfaction in Labor-Owned and Managed Workplaces: Helping Climate and Participation Spillover to Non-Owners
Full text linkIn contrast to shareholder-owned organizations, worker-owned cooperative organizations foster employee wellbeing such as employee satisfaction as an important outcome by itself. Due to expansions and economic fluctuations, larger worker-owned cooperations nowadays use mixtures of employment contracts resulting in varying shares of co-owners, contracted and temporary employees in workplaces. In the current paper, we research if this situation challenges the moral commitment of worker cooperatives to their employees, which derive from the cooperative philosophy on corporate responsibility. Where previous research contrasted employee wellbeing in worker cooperatives with share- holder owner organizations, this paper describes how various shares of co-owners in workplaces change mediating processes of helping climate and workplace participation and ultimately result in different levels of employee satisfaction. Archival data combined with survey data of 5907 employees in 99 hypermarkets were tested with multivariate analyses, and indicated that the helping climate and workplace participation positively mediated the association between the share of co-owners in hypermarkets and employee satisfaction. The findings imply that traditional worker-owned cooperatives, where a majority of all workers are owners, had more success in fostering cooperative values as a strategic outcome
Elementu pasiboen eragina frekuentzia altuko bihurgailuetan
Full text linkNotable technological advancements in power electronics have been made in the last years, such as SiC and GaN based transistors. Still, power converters based on these technologies cannot be fully exploited due to passive elements becoming the design bottlenecks at high frequencies. This work analyses the impact of passive components in high frequency power converters, mostly focused in magnetic elements. The necessity of an adequate high frequency design methodology is proved by demonstrating various high frequency effects that are not considered in classical design methodologies. At the same time, a short explanation of different design strategies is made. Lastly, the authors explain the importance of adopting a multi-objective based design methodology for power converters.Azkeneko urteetan hainbat aurrerapen nabarmen egin dira potentzia elektronikaren eremuan, adibidez SiC-en eta GaN-en oinarritutako transistoreak. Halere, teknologia berri hauetan oinarritutako potentzia bihurgailuak ezin ditugu beren mugetaraino eraman, frekuentzia altuetan elementu pasiboak sistemaren botila-lepoa bihurtzen direlako. Lan honetan, elementu pasiboek frekuentzia altuko bihurgailuetan duten eragina aztertzen dugu, bereziki elementu magnetikoak. Diseinu klasikoetan kontsideratzen ez diren hainbat efektu azaltzen dira, eta frekuentzia alturako egokitua dagoen diseinu estrategia baten beharra adierazten da. Aldi berean, diseinurako estrategia mota ezberdinak era laburrean azaldu ditugu. Azkenik, bihurgailuen helburu anitzeko diseinu metodologien garrantzia azaldu dugu
Berrikuntza prozesuetan irakaslearen rolak duen garrantzia eta eragina: Bizkaiko ikastetxe baten ikerketa kasua
Full text linkIkerlan honetan aztertu dira irakasleen rolean egon diren aldaketen inguruko ga-koak, ikastetxe batean egin den berrikuntza prozesuan zehar. Berrikuntza oinarritu da testuinguruan, espazioan, materialean eta lan egiteko moduan eragina izan duen aldaketa batean, eta aldaketa honek irakasleengan nolako eragina duen aztertu da. Irakasleen lan egiteko modua, ebaluazioa, talde lana, koordinazioa, formakuntza eta sentimenduak aldaketa gertatu aurretik eta ondoren aztertu dira, bi mo-mentuak alderatuz. Emaitzek adierazi duten moduan, irakaslea prozesuaren parte sentitzen ez baldin bada eta emandako urratsetan parte hartzen ez baldin badu, prozesuan erresistentziak sortzen dira eta, ondorioz, ez da irakaslearen rola aldatzen. Horrek eragitea dakar berrikuntza gauzatu baino lehen lan egiten zen moduaren gainean.This study examines the key aspects related to the changes experimented in the role of teachers during the innovation process carried out in a school. This innovation has been based on a change in space, and its impact on teachers has been studied. Before and after the space change dif-ferent aspects were analysed and compared: the way teachers work, assessment, teamwork, coordina-tion, training, and feelings. The results indicated that if the teacher does not feel part of the process and does not participate in the steps that have been taken, resistance arises in the process, and the role of the teacher does not change. This means there is a need to influence on the way we work before the innovation takes place
Experimental evaluation and surface integrity analysis of cryogenic coolants approaches in the cylindrical plunge grinding
Full text linkReplacement of pollutant fuids with eco-friendly strategies in machining operations signifcantly contributes to protecting the environment, diminishing global warming, and ensuring a healthier workplace for employees. This study compares cryogenic coolants with conventional coolants in cylindrical plunge grinding using a Cubic Boron Nitride (CBN) wheel. Samples of 27MnCr5 steel used in the manufacture of automotive transmission components were ground using (i) Liquid Nitrogen (LN2), (ii) a combination of LN2 +Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL), and (iii) a conventional coolant. The efects of the diferent cooling methods on the surface integrity of the ground surfaces were examined in terms of surface roughness, microstructural defects, microhardness profles, and residual stresses. In general, surface roughness was similar for the tested cooling systems, even after grinding three subsequent surfaces in which the process stability was analyzed. Interestingly, the use of eco-friendly cryogenic systems induced fewer microstructural defects than conventional systems, and particularly, LN2+MQL lead to more compressive surface residual stresses that would improve the in-service performance of components. These results show opportunities for replacing conventional pollutant systems with eco-friendly cryogenic strategies for refrigerating/lubricating grinding processes to reduce harmful efects on the environment and pose health risks to operators
Lehen Hezkuntzako ikasleen segurtasun digitala: eskaerak eta konpromisoak #Izandig proiektuaren baitan
Full text linkInternet egungo haur zein nerabeen bizitzaren bizkarrezur bilakatu da. Sareak eskaintzen
dizkien abantailak ugariak dira, baina arriskuak ere baditu. Online ekintza batzuen ondorioek
haur eta nerabeen ongizatea kaltetu dezakete. Horregatik, garrantzitsua da txikitatik Interneten
erabilera arduratsurako prebentzio-neurriak lantzea. #IzanDig proiektuaren helburua prebentzioneurri horien beharraz kontzientzia piztea eta lanketa horretan hezkuntza-eragileak inplikatzea
da. Lan honetan proiektuan parte hartutako 384 ikaslek proposatutako foroetako batean
egindako ekoizpenak aztertu dira, egiten dituzten eskaerak eta hartzen dituzten konpromisoak
identifikatzeko. Pribatutasunaren garrantziari egiten diote erreferentzia batik bat eta helduen
(familiaren eta irakasleen) laguntza eta zaintza eskatzen dute.The Internet has become the backbone of the lives of today's children and teenagers. The
advantages of the net are many, but it also has risks. The consequences of some online actions can
harm the well-being of children and adolescents. That is why it is important to work on preventive
measures for the responsible use of the Internet from an early age. The aim of the #IzanDig project is
to raise awareness of the need for these preventive measures and involve all educational agents in this
work. This paper analyses the productions made by the 384 students who participated in the project in
one of the proposed forums to identify the requests they make and the commitments they assume. They
refer mainly to the importance of privacy and require the support and care of adults (family and
teachers)
Cost-effectiveness of Opportunity Charging in Non-electrified Railway Lines
Full text linkThis paper analyses the cost-effectiveness of deploying opportunity charging points in long-distance non-electrified railway lines, which are driven by battery-based hybrid diesel-electric railway vehicles. A study case based on a real railway line is presented, where potential locations for the charging points are proposed. With the aim of developing a comprehensive sensitivity analysis, for each combination of charging points locations the life cycle costs of different energy management strategies and lithium-ion battery technologies are also compared. Additionally, for each case the optimal size of the powertrain elements is calculated. In order to develop the proposed analysis, a methodology based on an optimization approach is presented. The obtained results demonstrate that deploying opportunity charging points along the route is a feasible solution, as long as appropriate strategies and battery technologies are used. In the best scenario, the life cycle cost of a base case without charging points can be reduced a 4.3%, and the cost of a traditional diesel-electric vehicle a 7.6%
Design as an enabler of change: a model for measuring the impact of design in service organizations
Full text linkDesign is a human centred creative approach that transforms and improves organizational capabilities for innovation and strategic decision-making. The aim of this research is to identify the impact of design, in particular in service organizations that have embedded design capabilities. For that purpose, semi structured interviews were conducted with representatives of four service organizations operating in the banking, foodservice, contact centre and industrial property sectors, and that had recently developed design capabilities. The interviews followed a model for measuring the impact of design based on the four impact levels identified by Liedtka, King and Bennett (2013): results, perception, processes and culture. The findings show that design transformed the perception, processes and culture of the case organizations remarkably and immediately, yet its impact on business results was insignificant in the short term. Nevertheless, the interviewees asserted design had strengthen the organizational capabilities for innovation, differentiation and reaction against the increasing market demands. The article suggests using the measurement model in future studies to identify the long-term impact of design in organizations.El diseño es una disciplina creativa centrada en las personas que transforma y mejora las capacidades para la innovación y toma de decisiones estratégicas de las empresas. Este estudio tiene como objetivo identificar a través de un modelo de medición validado el impacto de la integración del diseño en las organizaciones y, en particular, en las empresas de servicios que están desarrollando capacidades de diseño. Con ese fin, se han analizado cuatro empresas de servicios de los sectores de banca, restauración colectiva, contact-centre y propiedad industrial, que están inmersos en un proceso de integración del diseño. Las entrevistas a las empresas han sido guiadas por el modelo de medición fundamentado en cuatro niveles: resultado, percepción, proceso y cultura del diseño. Los resultados del estudio muestran que el diseño ha transformado la percepción, los procesos internos y cultura de las empresas participantes de forma notable y rápida, mientras que su impacto en los resultados de negocio no es aún significativo. Se demuestra así la efectividad del modelo para identificar el impacto del diseño en los casos de estudio y se propone que futuras investigaciones validen la aplicación del modelo en empresas con mayor grado de madurez del diseño
La puesta en marcha virtual en la fabricación de máquinas herramienta: encuesta industrial
Full text linkVirtual commissioning has acquired a major interest with the introduction of Industry 4.0. It is demonstrated that virtual commissioning can significantly reduce the commissioning time, error rate and costs. However, industry is still experiencing difficulties with the integration of these new technologies. This paper is one of the first empirical surveys conducted in the industry that aims at understanding the challenges and current practices with respect to virtual commissioning, with special focus on the machine tool manufacturing sector. The survey contextualizes the practice of virtual commissioning and the digital twin in industry, and benchmarks the results with academia, in which main gaps are identified.La puesta en marcha virtual ha adquirido un gran interés con la introducción de la Industria 4.0. Está demostrado que la puesta en marcha virtual puede reducir significativamente el tiempo de puesta en marcha, la tasa de errores y los costes. Sin embargo, la industria sigue teniendo dificultades con la integración de estas nuevas tecnologías. Este estudio es una de las primeras encuestas empíricas realizadas en la industria que tiene como objetivo comprender los desafíos y las prácticas actuales con respecto a la puesta en marcha virtual en el sector de la fabricación de máquinas herramienta. La encuesta contextualiza la práctica de la puesta en marcha virtual y el gemelo digital en la industria, y compara los resultados con el mundo académico, en el que se identifican discrepancias significativas
System of Systems Lifecycle Management: A New Concept Based on Process Engineering Methodologies
Full text linkIn order to tackle interoperability issues of large-scale automation systems, SOA (Service-Oriented Architecture) principles, where information exchange is manifested by systems providing and consuming services, have already been introduced. However, the deployment, operation, and maintenance of an extensive SoS (System of Systems) mean enormous challenges for system integrators as well as network and service operators. The existing lifecycle management approaches do not cover all aspects of SoS management; therefore, an integrated solution is required. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new lifecycle approach, namely the SoSLM (System of Systems Lifecycle Management). This paper first provides an in-depth description and comparison of the most relevant process engineering methodologies and ITSM (Information Technology Service Management) frameworks, and how they affect various lifecycle management strategies. The paper’s novelty strives to introduce an Industry 4.0-compatible PLM (Product Lifecycle Management) model and to extend it to cover SoS management-related issues on well-known process engineering methodologies. The presented methodologies are adapted to the PLM model, thus creating the recommended SoSLM model. This is supported by demonstrations of how the IIoT (Industrial Internet of Things) applications and services can be developed and handled. Accordingly, complete implementation and integration are presented based on the proposed SoSLM model, using the Arrowhead framework that is available for IIoT SoS. View Full-Tex