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MLUH-E-421_2, Pernis apivorus (Linnaeus, 1758), eggshell
No full textInventory No.: MLUH-E-421_2, Object: eggshell, Species: Pernis apivorus (Linnaeus, 1758), Preservation: slight damage, Locality_loc.: Rostocker Heide, Locality today: Rostock, Country: GermanyCollector_leg.: Dr. R. Kuhk, Date: 13/06/1926, Collection_coll.: M. Schönwetter, published in Handbuch der Oologie, Schönwetter, Max: Vol. I, p. 155, Identification by: M. Schönwetter, Aquisition: 1942, Aquired from: Dr. R. Kuhk, ex Collection: ex. Coll. Dr. R. Kuh
Hidden treasures of herbaria : even small collections contain a wealth of diversity : the powdery mildews of the North Carolina State Larry F. Grand Mycological Herbarium
No full textThe occurrence of cryptic species is well documented in fungi but the extent of their diversity is not fully understood. This study assessed the fungal diversity within a part of the Larry F. Grand Mycological Herbarium (NCSLG), a small, well-maintained collection at North Carolina State University, with a focus on the powdery mildew fungi (Erysiphaceae). Erysiphaceae were selected due to their economic impact as plant pathogens and availability of extensive DNA sequence data for multiple barcode loci. Our research objectives included determining the number of phylogenetic species compared with those identified morphologically, and to identify undescribed species. We generated sequence data for 220 of the 299 powdery mildew specimens (73% success rate) in the herbarium, which represented 60 species in 10 genera, collected from 134 host plant species. Our analyses revealed that ~83% (183/220) of the sequenced specimens had identifications that were incorrect and/or outdated based on current genus/species concepts. Additionally, four new species are described: Erysiphe amphicarpaeicola, E. ulmi-alatae, E. quercus-virginianae, and Takamatsuella grandii. A specimen deposited at NCSLG is designated as an epitype for Phyllactinia liriodendri, and a species of Phyllactinia identified on Carpinus caroliniana, as well as multiple species infecting Quercus spp., likely represent additional undescribed species that require more data. This research highlights the critical role of herbarium collections in uncovering fungal biodiversity, and underscores the importance of preserving these valuable resources, particularly with the growing trend to discard herbaria due to financial and space constraints
Tailoring spintronic terahertz emitters for special applications
No full textUltrafast spintronics is a key frontier for next-generation technologies enabling operating speeds beyond those of conventional electronics. This thesis presents a rigorous investigation of spintronic effects induced by femtosecond laser excitation in diverse magnetic multilayers, with a focus on the conceptualization and development of terahertz (THz) spintronic devices using state-of-the-art Spintronic Terahertz Emitters (STEs). In particular, this work examines the importance of charge dynamics in shaping the ultrafast response. Extending this analysis to miniaturized systems, the influence of charge dynamics in periodically patterned STEs is addressed, notably causing systematic modifications in the emission spectrum as emitter size decreases. Experiments using a free-space pump-probe setup, supported by a comprehensive analytical model, validate and quantitatively reproduce these effects, providing a predictive tool for tailoring spectra through nanopatterning. Building on these insights, the work presents applications including narrowband THz emitters, ultrafast digital-to-analog conversion with on-chip detection, electrically controlled magnetization switching, transient magnetoresistance studies, thermoelectric effects, and a switchable THz emitter device. Together, these findings advance the understanding of ultrafast spintronic technology and lay the groundwork for transformative advancements in ultrafast signal processing and the deployment of versatile spintronic THz devices
Quantifying gait and posture in geriatric inpatients using inertial sensors and posturography : a cross-sectional study
No full textBackground/Objectives: Mobility screening is standard practice in hospitalized geriatric patients, but clinical assessments alone may not fully capture functional capacity and related risks. This study aimed to describe the physical performance (gait analysis, postural stability and regulation) and clinical–functional status (e.g., Tinetti [TIN], Barthel Index [BI]) in geriatric inpatients, and to explore associations between measures from different domains. Methods: Fifty-five geriatric inpatients (mean age: 84.3 ± 5.47 years, range: 71–97; 49% female) underwent spatiotemporal gait analysis (inertial sensor system/RehaGait) and posturography (Interactive Balance System). Clinical assessments included TIN, BI, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), and Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). Gait and postural data were compared with age-, sex-, and height-adjusted reference values. Results: Clinical data indicated a low fall risk (TIN: 24), moderate functional independence (BI: 54), and moderate frailty (CFS: 5). Deviations from reference values were more frequent in gait parameters (18/50%) than in postural parameters (6/17%), with postural stability consistently reduced. The largest differences for the geriatric patients compared with the reference gait data were found for stride length, walking speed, double and single support, roll-off angle, and landing angle. TIN showed the strongest correlation with walking speed (r = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.22–0.67), a relationship unaffected by gender (partial r = 0.52). Conclusions: Gait assessment revealed greater performance deficits than postural measures in this cohort
MLUH-E-17_3, Falco peregrinus Tunstall, 1771, eggshell
No full textInventory No.: MLUH-E-17_3, Object: eggshell, Species: Falco peregrinus Tunstall, 1771, Preservation: slight damage, Locality_loc.: Thüringen, Tunnel Obertunnel, Locality today: Rennsteig Tunnel, Country: GermanyCollector_leg.: M. Schönwetter, Date: 04/05/1921, Collection_coll.: M. Schönwetter, published in Handbuch der Oologie, Schönwetter, Max: Vol. I, p. 189, Identification by: M. Schönwetter, Aquisition: 1921, Aquired from: M. Schönwetter, Additional Information: Found on "Geierfelsen" close to the "Schmückerstraße" close to the tunnel "Obertsdorf" "Gehlberg" side; used F. Peregrinus for the CBB
MLUH-E-29_1, Falco subbuteo Linnaeus, 1758, eggshell
No full textInventory No.: MLUH-E-29_1, Object: eggshell, Species: Falco subbuteo Linnaeus, 1758, Preservation: complete preservation, Locality_loc.: Muonio; Lappland, Locality today: Muonio, Country: FinlandDate: ?, Collection_coll.: M. Schönwetter, published in Handbuch der Oologie, Schönwetter, Max: Vol. I, p. 190, Identification by: M. Schönwetter, Aquisition: 1910, Aquired from: Dr. Rey, ex Collection: ex. Coll. Dr. Re
Impact of meteorological conditions on the foliar nutrition of old-growth European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) stands : results of long-term serial analysis of macro- and micronutrients
No full textSystematic long-term studies assessing the relevant macro- and micronutrients will improve our understanding of the complex interplay between climatic as well as site-specific factors and nutrient dynamics of European beech forests. Thus, we assessed the impact of meteorological conditions on the nutrition of old-growth European beech stands at a calcareous and an acidic site in central Germany. Foliar concentrations of six macronutrients and four micronutrients were analyzed over 13 years (2009–2021), and their association with meteorological conditions depending on the site was assessed using a linear mixed-effects model. The results revealed nutrient-specific and, for half of the nutrients, site-specific responses to meteorological variables, that is, mean annual temperature (MAT) and precipitation (MAP) of the current and/or the previous year. Within the MAT range of the observational period (7.4–10.3 °C), for nitrogen (calcareous site), phosphorus, magnesium, sulfur, copper, and zinc, a nonlinear relationship was observed, that is, the nutrient concentrations increased until a temperature optimum and decreased thereafter. In contrast, the concentrations of potassium (calcareous site), manganese, and iron increased and of calcium decreased with increasing temperature. MAP (351–723 mm) had an impact on the concentration of six nutrients (nitrogen, potassium, calcium, copper, iron, and zinc), but its effect was generally smaller than that of MAT. Our results indicate that the persistent deficiencies in foliar phosphorus (calcareous site) and sulfur (acidic site) may be aggravated with ongoing climate change. The findings may guide site-specific sustainable and ecosystem-oriented forest management strategies for the future
MLUH-E-107_1, Falco tinnunculus Linnaeus, 1758, eggshell
No full textInventory No.: MLUH-E-107_1, Object: eggshell, Species: Falco tinnunculus, Preservation: complete preservationCollection_coll.: M. Schönwetter, no further data, Additional Information: Species tendentially identified as Falco tinnunculus by Frank D. Steinheime
Impact of minimally invasive cardiac surgery versus conventional OPEN valve surgery on myocardial protection
No full textBackground:
Minimally invasive cardiac surgery (MICS) offers several advantages that can be particularly beneficial for older patients. However, nothing is currently known about the impact of MICS on myocardial protection. Thus, this study aimed to compare myocardial protection in valve surgery between patients who received MICS and those who underwent conventional open cardiac surgery (OPEN).
Methods:
We retrospectively included all adult patients (≥18 years) who received elective or urgent valve surgery in our department. We compared the peak value and area under the curve (AUC) of the high-sensitive troponin T (TnT) and creatine kinase muscle-brain type (CK-MB) concentrations during the first, second, and third 24 h period and the cumulative catecholamine dosages of adrenaline, noradrenaline, and enoximone at 72 h after removal of the aortic cross-clamp in patients who received valve replacement or reconstruction for MICS versus OPEN.
Results:
The peak TnT release in the first (p = 0.025) and second 24 h interval (p = 0.046), as well as the TnT AUC in the first 24 h (p = 0.024), were lower in the MICS group with reconstruction. The peak CK-MB release was relevantly lower in the first (p = 0.093) and third 24 h period (p = 0.067), as well as the CK-MB AUC between 48 and 72 h (p = 0.055). However, the peak release and AUC for TnT and CK-MB did not differ between MICS and OPEN in the replacement population. The noradrenaline dosage was lower (p = 0.023) for MICS in the replacement population. In the reconstruction population, the dosage of adrenaline (p = 0.036), noradrenaline (p = 0.043), and enoximone (p = 0.012) was lower in the MICS group than in the OPEN group.
Conclusion:
In addition to known factors of myocardial protection, such as ischemia time and cardioplegia, MICS seems to promote improved myocardial protection during valve reconstruction, while the postoperative catecholamine requirement is reduced after valve reconstruction and replacement. These additional benefits of MICS might be especially advantageous for old and frail patients undergoing cardiac surgery
The influence of clinical risk factors on the classification of human cancer-associated fibroblasts in PDAC and pancreatitis patients
No full textCancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) constitute an important cell population in the microenvironment of pancreatic cancer. They can arise from disease-associated fibroblasts (DAFs) to support or restrain tumor growth. How many CAF subtypes exist and what signals drive their development is unclear. Currently, there are three commonly accepted subtypes, namely myofibroblast-like (myCAF), immunomodulatory (iCAF), and antigen-presenting (apCAF). Here, we analyzed the correlation between clinical risk factors with the proportion of each CAF subtype. In our patient cohort (n = 21), we investigated DAFs from patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) and CAFs from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients after surgical resection via flow cytometry and RNA expression analysis. The expression of iCAF marker Interleukin-6 displayed significant differences depending on lifestyle factors, such as smoking status, age, and Body Mass Index (BMI). The apCAF marker HLA-DQA1 correlated with age. The largest difference showed the quantitative difference of apCAF markers in ~40% of PDAC- and ~20% of CP patients. In conclusion, clinical risk factors may influence the prevelance of specific CAF subsets. Unraveling the complex interplay between CAFs and tumor cells is crucial for novel therapies to improve long-term survival for pancreatic cancer patients