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Identification of changes in sediment provenance by mid-infrared spectroscopy and sediment source fingerprinting in two Holocene river deltas: Albegna, Italy, and Aceh, Indonesia.
No full textInternational audienc
Recommendations of the Schizophrenia Expert Center network for adequate physical activity in real-world schizophrenia (FACE-SZ)
No full textInternational audienceThe World Health Organization (WHO) recommends adults complete 150-300 min per week of moderate physical activity or 75-150 min of vigorous physical activity or an equivalent combination of both, to optimize health. To explore the factors associated with adequate MVPA in stabilized outpatients with schizophrenia. 425 stabilized outpatients were recruited in the national FACE-SZ cohort between 2015 and 2018 were evaluated with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and a 1-day long standardized battery. We explored in multivariate analyses the clinical and pharmacological factors associated with MVPA (model 1) and the biological factors and patient-reported outcomes (model 2). Overall, only 86 (20.2%) of the 425 participants achieved the recommended MVPA threshold. In model 1, the adequate MVPA group was associated with younger age, mood stabilizers prescription and adherence to treatment, independent of sex, positive and depressive symptoms, first-generation antipsychotics prescription, anxiolytic medication, and akathisia. In model 2, adequate MVPA was associated with better glycemic and lipidic profile and better physical and psychological well-being, self-esteem, sentimental life, and resilience independently of age, sex, and current psychotic severity. The expert centers recommend the importance of promoting promote effective MVPA programs for stabilized patients with schizophrenia. Interventions studies suggest that MVPA may be a useful strategy to maximize physical and psychological well-being and self-esteem and potentially to prevent or manage metabolic disturbances
Convalescent plasma improves overall survival in patients with B-cell lymphoid malignancy and COVID-19: a longitudinal cohort and propensity score analysis
No full textInternational audiencePatients with hematological malignancy and COVID-19 display a high mortality rate. In such patients, immunosuppression due to underlying disease and previous specific treatments impair humoral response, limiting viral clearance. Thus, COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) therapy appears as a promising approach through the transfer of neutralizing antibodies specific to SARS-CoV-2. We report the effect of CCP in a cohort of 112 patients with hematological malignancy and COVID-19 and a propensity score analysis on subgroups of patients with B-cell lymphoid disease treated (n = 81) or not (n = 120) with CCP between May 1, 2020 and April 1, 2021. The overall survival of the whole cohort was 65% (95% CI = 56–74.9) and 77.5% (95% CI = 68.5–87.7) for patients with B-cell neoplasm. Prior anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody therapy was associated with better overall survival, whereas age, high blood pressure, and COVID-19 severity were associated with a poor outcome. After an inverse probability of treatment weighting approach, we observed in anti-CD20–exposed patients with B-cell lymphoid disease a decreased mortality of 63% (95% CI = 31–80) in the CCP-treated group compared to the CCP-untreated subgroup, confirmed in the other sensitivity analyses. Convalescent plasma may be beneficial in COVID-19 patients with B-cell neoplasm who are unable to mount a humoral immune response
De l’espace vécu à la géographie sociale, redéfinir la discipline. Promenade en liberté avec Armand Frémont
No full textInternational audienc
Self-Reported Pain and Emotional Reactivity in Bipolar Disorder: A Prospective FACE-BD Study
No full textInternational audienceIn patients with bipolar disorder (BD), pain prevalence is close to 30%. It is important to determine whether pain influences BD course and to identify factors associated with pain in BD in order to guide BD management. This naturalistic, prospective study used data on 880 patients with BD from the French FACE-BD cohort who were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of pain. Multivariate models were used to test whether pain was associated with affective states and personality traits while controlling for confounders. Then, multivariate models were used to test whether pain at baseline predicted global life functioning and depressive symptomatology at one year. At baseline, 22% of patients self-reported pain. The pain was associated with depressive symptomatology, levels of emotional reactivity in a quadratic relationship, and a composite variable of personality traits (affective lability, affective intensity, hostility/anger, and impulsivity). At one year, the pain was predictive of depression and lower global life functioning. Pain worsens mental health and well-being in patients with BD. The role of emotions, depression, and personality traits in pain has to be elucidated to better understand the high prevalence of pain in BD and to promote specific therapeutic strategies for patients experiencing pain
Deep Learning for the Automatic Quantification of Pleural Plaques in Asbestos-Exposed Subjects
No full textInternational audienceOBJECTIVE: This study aimed to develop and validate an automated artificial intelligence (AI)-driven quantification of pleural plaques in a population of retired workers previously occupationally exposed to asbestos. METHODS: CT scans of former workers previously occupationally exposed to asbestos who participated in the multicenter APEXS (Asbestos PostExposure Survey) study were collected retrospectively between 2010 and 2017 during the second and the third rounds of the survey. A hundred and forty-one participants with pleural plaques identified by expert radiologists at the 2nd and the 3rd CT screenings were included. Maximum Intensity Projection (MIP) with 5 mm thickness was used to reduce the number of CT slices for manual delineation. A Deep Learning AI algorithm using 2D-convolutional neural networks was trained with 8280 images from 138 CT scans of 69 participants for the semantic labeling of Pleural Plaques (PP). In all, 2160 CT images from 36 CT scans of 18 participants were used for AI testing versus ground-truth labels (GT). The clinical validity of the method was evaluated longitudinally in 54 participants with pleural plaques. RESULTS: The concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) between AI-driven and GT was almost perfect (>0.98) for the volume extent of both PP and calcified PP. The 2D pixel similarity overlap of AI versus GT was good (DICE = 0.63) for PP, whether they were calcified or not, and very good (DICE = 0.82) for calcified PP. A longitudinal comparison of the volumetric extent of PP showed a significant increase in PP volumes (p < 0.001) between the 2nd and the 3rd CT screenings with an average delay of 5 years. CONCLUSIONS: AI allows a fully automated volumetric quantification of pleural plaques showing volumetric progression of PP over a five-year period. The reproducible PP volume evaluation may enable further investigations for the comprehension of the unclear relationships between pleural plaques and both respiratory function and occurrence of thoracic malignancy
A new Mertens decomposition of Y g,ξ -submartingale systems. Application to BSDEs with weak constraints at stopping times
No full textWe first introduce the concept of Y g,ξ-submartingale systems, where the nonlinear operator Y g,ξ corresponds to the first component of the solution of a reflected BSDE with generator g and lower obstacle ξ. We first show that, in the case of a left-limited right-continuous obstacle, any Y g,ξ-submartingale system can be aggregated by a process which is right-lower semicontinuous. We then prove a Mertens decomposition, by using an original approach which does not make use of the standard penalization technique. These results are in particular useful for the treatment of control/stopping game problems and, to the best of our knowledge, they are completely new in the literature. As an application, we introduce a new class of Backward Stochastic Differential Equations (in short BSDEs) with weak constraints at stopping times, which are related to the partial hedging of American options. We study the wellposedness of such equations and, using the Y g,ξ-Mertens decomposition, we show that the family of minimal timet-values Y t , with (Y, Z) a supersolution of the BSDE with weak constraints, admits a representation in terms of a reflected backward stochastic differential equation
Micropollutants in Urban Runoff from Traffic Areas: Target and Non-Target Screening on Four Contrasted Sites
No full textAlthough runoff from trafficked urban areas is recognized as a potentially significant pathway of micropollutants, runoff pollution remains poorly documented, except for relatively few historical pollutants such as some metals and hydrocarbons. Therefore, in this work, road and parking lot runoff from four sites with contrasting traffic levels were analyzed for a very broad spectrum of molecules and elements. A total of 128 pollutants and micropollutants were monitored, including inorganic (n = 41) and organic (n = 87) pollutants. Both the dissolved and particulate phases were considered. For a reduced number of samples, non-targeted screening by high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) was carried out. For targeted screening, the contamination profiles were quite homogeneous, but the concentrations significantly differed between the different sites. Sites with the highest traffic density exhibited the highest concentrations for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), some traffic-related metals, alkylphenols and phthalates. Overall, for most micropollutants, the parking lot runoff exhibited the lowest concentrations, and the specificity of this site was confirmed by its HRMS fingerprint. Non-target screening allowed the sites to be discriminated based on the occurrence of specific compounds. Unlike the results of targeted screening, the HRMS intra-site variability was lower than its inter-site variability. Unknown substances were tentatively identified, either characteristic of each site or ubiquitous of all samples
Statistical deconvolution of the free Fokker-Planck equation at fixed time
No full textInternational audienc
Le continent oublié. Lumières et zones d'ombre des recherches sur la dissémination des plastiques
No full textPourquoi le nombre de publications scientifiques sur les plastiques a-t-il explosé sur les 7-8 dernières années ? Pourquoi le nombre d'équipes à travers le monde investies dans la recherche sur les plastiques a-t-il crû également de manière exponentielle ? Pourquoi une majorité de travaux est-elle issue du monde des sciences de la nature et se focalise-t-elle sur le compartiment océanique et non sur le compartiment continental où pourtant ils sont majoritairement produits ? Pourquoi de plus en plus de travaux s'intéressent-ils aux micro- puis nanoplastiques, alors qu'en masse les rejets sont majoritairement de grande taille ? Pourquoi, dans ce qui est devenu une grande question de société, les sciences humaines et sociales n'ont-elles qu'une implication très marginale ? Voilà les principales questions auxquelles ce regard croisé s'efforce de proposer des éléments de réponses et de réflexion, au travers de l'expérience d'une équipe interdisciplinaire, investie dans la recherche sur les plastiques depuis presque 10 ans