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PTH1 receptor agonists for fracture risk:a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Get PDFOsteoporosis, defined by reduced bone mineral density and macro- and micro-architectural degradation, leads to increased fracture risk, particularly in aging populations. While randomized controlled trials (RCTs) demonstrate that PTH1 receptor agonists, teriparatide and abaloparatide, are effective at reducing fracture risk, real-world evidence (RWE) remains sparse. This study reviews and compares the anti-fracture efficacy of these agents, against each other and against other osteoporosis treatments using both RCTs and RWE. We systematically searched Medline, Embase, and Cochrane up to May 2024, focusing on RCTs and RWE studies reporting reduction in vertebral, non-vertebral, hip, or all fractures as primary endpoint. A network meta-analysis (NMA) was conducted, first through pairwise meta-analyses of teriparatide versus abaloparatide, then a Bayesian NMA comparing each to other treatments. Safety assessments included adverse events classified by MedDRA, with a particular attention to hypercalcemia and cardiac events. Seventeen studies (11 RCTs, 6 RWE) met inclusion criteria. Teriparatide and abaloparatide were effective in reducing vertebral and non-vertebral fractures in all pairwise meta-analyses versus placebo. Abaloparatide showed an advantage over teriparatide for non-vertebral fractures (OR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.80-0.95) and hip fractures (OR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.71-0.93). In the NMA model, teriparatide and abaloparatide were superior to placebo, raloxifene, and calcitonin in reducing vertebral fracture while teriparatide was further superior to denosumab and risedronate. For non-vertebral fracture, abaloparatide was better than any other treatment while teriparatide was only superior to alendronate or placebo. PTH1 analogs were better than placebo at reducing all fractures while no difference was observed for the risk of hip fracture. Both abaloparatide and teriparatide demonstrate comparable safety to other osteoporosis treatments, with no increased cardiovascular risk. This review highlights that PTH1 receptor agonists effectively reduce fracture risk, with abaloparatide offering enhanced benefits for non-vertebral and hip fractures compared to teriparatide. Both agents exhibit acceptable safety profiles, suggesting their valuable role in managing osteoporosis, particularly for high-risk patients.</p
Beyond the bifurcation scenarios in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers with optical injection
Get PDFWe study the dynamic behavior in a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser subject to orthogonal optical injection through the computation of Lyapunov exponents and isospikes for a wide range of intervals in the plane of the injection parameters, i.e., the frequency detuning vs injection strength plane. Our thorough numerical experiments on this plane constitute a deep quantitative analysis of the different bifurcation scenarios leading to polarization switching (PS). First, we obtain similar results for the linearly polarized intensities for the different PS scenarios, especially when the injection strength is increased. It allows us to determine the parameter values that will be used for further analysis of the bifurcation scenarios in the parameter space. Analysis of different phase diagrams enables us to show multistability in the system and identify in the parameter planes several regions such as the predominantly chaotic lobe ones inside them are embedded some mainly regular structures such as spirals, rings, tricorns, shrimp networks, “eye(s) of chaos,” and chiral and nonchiral distribution of periodicities characterized by sequences of quint points. We emphasize two routes to chaos, namely, period-doubling and quint-point-based bifurcations
Curcuminoid Derivatives with a Donor-Acceptor-Donor Architecture:an Outstanding Platform for Highly-Efficient Near-Infrared Electroluminescence and Amplified Spontaneous Emission
No full textThe development of high-efficiency near-infrared (NIR) emitters for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and organic semiconductor lasers has become an important target in organic photonics. Herein, it is demonstrated that donor-acceptor-donor borondifluoride curcuminoid derivatives represent a versatile and simple platform for the molecular engineering of high-efficiency NIR emitters combining thermally-activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) with excellent electroluminescence properties and amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) activity. A series of donor-acceptor-donor curcuminoid compounds containing triphenylamino-substituents for the donor side groups and various acceptor units in the meso position were designed and synthesized. The investigation of the effects of the molecular structure on the TADF properties show that the nature of the substituents enables a fine tuning of the emission wavelengths while maintaining high photoluminescence quantum yield values. These NIR TADF dyes were used in OLEDs with an external quantum efficiency of almost 1% for a maximum emission wavelength of 797 nm. They also show a low threshold tuneable amplified spontaneous emission between 725 and 900 nm. Overall, this study provides new essential insights to rationalize the TADF activity of this family of NIR emitters and offers important prospects for designing the next generation of NIR TADF-OLEDs and organic semiconductor laser materials.</p
Étude des propriétés conformationnelles et des fonctions du domaine N-terminal du facteur d'épissage TFIP11 intrinsèquement désordonné
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Caractérisation et inhibition de la lactate déshydrogénase A par l’intermédiaire de modulateurs ciblant l’interface protéine-protéine
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Software complementary to paper "Buy as you need: Nutrition and food storage imperfections "
No full textSotfware supporting paper "Buy as you need: Nutrition and food storage imperfections
