Institutional Repository of the General Jonas Zemaitis Military Academy of Lithuania
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Sustainable reservists’ services: the effect of resilience on the intention to remain in the active military reserve using a parallel mediating model /
No full textThe high priority of military training programs in the army is to improve the resilience of its professional and reserve soldiers. In addition, resilience helps to maintain the optimal cognitive and physical performances necessary for mission success; it also has other positive effects that have not yet been studied. Therefore, the purpose of the current study is to understand the effect of psychological resilience (PRE) on the intention of reservists to remain in the active reserve (FMT) after the completion of combat training. In addition, we focus on the motivation (prosocial motivation (PRM) and intrinsic motivation (IMT)) and psychological capital (passion in the pursuit of long-term goals (LTGs), proactivity (PRO), and capability to harness the circumstances (SEF)), and achieved a level of competence after the completion of training (ACH). Building on the perspective of training sustainable reserve soldiers’ capabilities and the theory of psychological resilience, we hypothesize and assess the effect of psychological resilience on the intention of reservists to remain in the active reserve for future military training, as well as the mediating role of psychological capital, motivation, and the obtained training ratings. The study hypotheses are tested on a sample of 345 Lithuanian reserve soldiers. The mediating effects are tested by employing the PROCESS v3.5 macro program developed by Hayes, and bootstrap 10,000. The main findings propose that the total impact of psychological resilience is highly positive (β = 0.659, t = 7.670, p < 0.001) and influences the decision of the reservists to extend their capabilities in future military training. Furthermore, intrinsic motivation (β = 0.691, p < 0.001, and 58.6% of the total effect) and the achieved rating of completed training (β = 0.136, p < 0.01, and 21.2% of the total effect) positively mediate the relationship between psychological resilience and the intention to remain in the active reserve. Selected bootstrap confidence interval and Sobel test statistics with two-tailed probability values evidence the robustness of the mediating results. The significance of the theoretical and practical implications is discussed
Kaip laimėti partizaninį karą? : nekonvencinių karų analizė su išvadomis Lietuvai : mokslo studija /
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Inter-institutional response to the crisis of illegal border crossing at the Lithuanian – Belarusian border in 2021 coordination.
No full textIn 2021, the Republic of Lithuania faced an unprecedented challenge – an increase in the flow of illegal migration. A rapid response from the security authorities and coordination between them was needed to prevent illegal migration flows. The research problem seeks to answer question – what factors determine the effective coordination of the inter-institutional response between the MoI and the MoD institutions to the challenges posed by illegal migration? The research object is the inter-institutional response coordination in solving the challenges of illegal migration in Lithuania in year 2021. The aim of the research is to assess the factors of coordination of the inter-institutional response to crisis of illegal migration in Lithuania 2021 between the institutions of the MoI and the MoD. To achieve the aim the research objectives are: 1. To analyze the importance of coordination in the public sector. 2. To analyze aspects of crisis management and coordination in crisis management. 3. To analyze the response of the European Union to the system of illegal migration and its application in practice. 4. To investigate the coordination of the inter-institutional response of the institutions of the MoI and the MoD during the crisis of illegal migration. The structure of the thesis consists of an introduction, three main parts - theoretical, methodological and empirical. The work concludes with conclusions and recommendations. The study uses a qualitative methodology, using a semi-structured interview method with open-ended questions to collect data. The selection criteria for the study participants were their experience in managing the illegal migration crisis in Lithuania in 2021, also belonging to the security institutions of the Republic of Lithuania: MoI, MoD, Public Security Service, State Border Guard Service, Lithuanian Armed Forces. All study participants coordinated joint actions at the inter-institutional level. Theoretical and empirical analysis showed that coordination is one of the most important responsibilities of the public sector, especially in crisis management. The management of illegal migration in Lithuania requires direct cooperation and coordination between the MoI and the MoD and their subordinate institutions. Although the crisis has been managed, further cooperation and coordination between these institutions in the fight against illegal migration requires more detailed research and improvement
Status and Competence of Institutions Ensuring National Security.
No full textThe main elements of the legislation of the Republic of Lithuania relating to national security are indeed significant not only for the bodies and institutions responsible for national security, but also in that they presuppose that the concept of national security is interpreted very widely and therefore any risk element related to national security can in principle be considered as one for which the relevant institution should act. Object of the study is the status and competence of public security institutions. Goal of the study is to analyse the status and competence of public security institutions. The work has three tasks: 1) to analyse the theoretical aspects of the status and competence of public security institutions; 2) to reveal the society's view on the status and competence of public security institutions; 3) to provide experts' view on the status and competences of public security institutions. Three study methods were used in the work: 1) analysis of scientific and methodological literature; 2) overview of legislation; 3) qualitative study (semi-structured interview of society and experts). Study results and conclusions. The analysis of the results of the society's interviews showed that public security institutions have three fundamental weaknesses, such as lack of competence, slow response to situations and lack of managers' competence, but the society is used to trust the public security institutions than distrust. According to the results of the experts' interviews, the competence of public security institution includes ensuring public order, preventing criminal offences, carrying out preventive activities and protecting the public interest. Five main deficiencies were identified, i.e., lack of teamwork, inadequate mutual communication, inefficient allocation of functions, lack of a single body controlling all institutions
Nepotism and Related Threats to Security and Sustainability of the Country: The Case of Lithuanian Organizations /
No full textThe aim of the study is to investigate the impact of nepotism as a form of corruption on the effectiveness of organizations, determining the relationship between the manager and employees, employee relations, and taking it into account as a potential threat to secure and sustainable development of the organization and society. The data collected from private and public organizations were used to test research hypotheses. The AMOS version 26 program and structural equation modeling (SEM) were applied to check the models with median effects. The results of the test allowed to identify the negative aspects of nepotism in the relationship between the manager’s behavior and organizational performance. Nepotism causes internal conflicts and an atmosphere of mistrust in both public and private organizations, which leads to poor company performance and quality of services provided, and the potential loss of professionals. The results of the research show that the problem of nepotism is still relevant in Lithuanian society. The research results allow envisaging both systematic and ideological measures to prevent corruption in Lithuania. Models for the prevention of this form of corruption can be constructed on the basis of this research
Russian propaganda in Lithuanian media as a threat to national security: the case of the first wave of the covid-19 pandemic.
No full textThe aim of this research paper is to analyze the threat of Russian propaganda in the media to Lithuania’s national security during the “COVID-19” pandemic. The paper discusses the concepts of propaganda and national security, examines the types of propaganda, and applied methods. In the empirical part, after a quantitative and qualitative analysis of articles published on the internet portals delfi.lt, 15min.lt, lrytas.lt, lrt.lt, tv3.lt in FebruaryJune 2020, the paper presents the dissemination of Russian propaganda in ithuanian media during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of the study revealed that as many as 1484 false reports were recorded, which caused confusion in society and fostered distrust in the competent institutions. The study also identified the main objectives of Russian propaganda in Lithuania as: to create scepticism among the population about EU and NATO membership, to neutralise critical thinking, to create a negative perception of the work of the country’s institutions, and to create confusion between citizens and the public authorities. It was also noted that during the pandemic period, disinformation was directed against NATO and its troops in Lithuania, the European Union, the Ministry of Health and 5G communication technologies. Various propaganda techniques were used by propagandists to achieve and influence these objectives. It is evident that Russian propaganda is a threat to Lithuania’s national security
Military support for the military family in reconciling military service and family responsibilities: the opinion of non-commissioned officers' spouses.
No full textThe aim of this scientific article is to analyse the support of the army to the soldier’s family, combining military service and family duties. The article discusses the concept of a soldier’s family, reveals the support and decisions of the Lithuanian Military (LM) related to the reconciliation of the military service and the soldier’s family duties. The empirical part of the paper is based on an original study of the opinion of civilian spouses of non-commissioned officers on the problems of reconciliation of military service and soldier’s family duties and the support and solutions provided by the LM, which was conducted in spring 2019. The results of the study revealed that the decisions made by the LM are mainly focused on the support of the serviceman and his family, and that they are applied to the tasks that spouses find most difficult to reconcile with their family duties in the NCO’s military service; the support provided by the LM to the serviceman’s family is often insufficient in resolving the serviceman’s military service and his family duties, and etc
Russia, China and the Baltic connectivity /
No full textBoth Russia and, more recently, China play an important role in the development of connectivity in the Baltic states. It goes without saying that the importance of the Baltic states for Russia is traditionally much higher than for China, due to historical, geographical, and economic reasons. Russia often considers the Baltic states as its natural zone of interest, which traditionally is referred to as “near abroad” (rus. Ближнее зарубежье) – a term which also includes Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) countries. In recent decades the Baltic states have achieved considerable progress in lowering their economic and energy dependence on Russia. Even so, Moscow tries to sustain its influence in the region, and demonstrate that it is the dominant actor, including through regular military power projection. China’s economic presence in the region has been growing. For Beijing the Baltic states are less important due to geographical distance, lack of natural resources, small markets, and the limited size of the high-tech sector. At the same time, the Baltic states matter for China as it seeks to broaden its economic presence in Europe. For example, the Baltic region could serve as an additional transportation link to the Western European markets. Furthermore, China is interested in selling its high-tech products in the Baltic states (including 5G). Similar to Russia, China sees this region in the framework of global political expansion and power struggle with the United States. 252 253 Russia, China and the Baltic connectivity The aim of this chapter is to examine in detail Russian and Chinese activities in the field of connectivity in the Baltic states, including in the traditional transportation, energy and communication sectors, but also the high-tech and financial-technological sectors. The chapter analyses numerous cases and examples of both countries’ presence in these sectors, and explores similarities and differences in their interests, approaches and tools. As a result of Russian and Chinese investments and activities, the Baltic countries face the serious challenge of how to balance possible economic opportunities with considerable risks to national security. The chapter therefore also analyses the security risks involved
A Review of Options Regarding Improvements in the Performance Parameters of the ‘Belarus 112H-01’ Mini-Tractor /
No full textThis paper presents a potential classification of mini-tractors, and reviews potential ways in which slippage of the driving wheels could possibly be reduced under realistic operating conditions. The paper also analyses various ways and means being used to prevent the tractor wheels slipping while agricultural activities are being carried out. Since the physical and mechanical properties of the soil are often highly varied and inconsistent, the task of reducing slippage in the minitractor’s wheels is considered to be a particularly high-priority issue in terms of deciding upon fuel consumption levels for this particular model of tractor. The paper under consideration also analyses specific construction features of the 4x4 wheel drive on the Belarus 112H-01 mini-tractor, which serve to influence its performance indicators. A review is being carried out in terms of vertical loads on the wheels and the mini-tractor’s propensity to suffer from wheel slippage, along with the traction forces which are developed within this area of questioning. The paper also examines the torque being applied by the Belarus 112H-01 4x4 mini-tractor, which is supposed to be distributed towards both driving axles of the transmission in proportion to the multiplication products of the wheel grip coefficient, the vertical load, and the rolling radius of the wheel. The paper also offers options when it comes to improving the tractive efficiency of the mini-tractor while using the model of engine that is currently available to it