Institutional Repository of the General Jonas Zemaitis Military Academy of Lithuania
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Civil - military relations: it's impact to U. S. military campaign against ISIS.
No full textThis bachelor thesis investigates US civil elites' and military elites' relations and dialogue in order to fight Islamic state of Iraq and Syria. The hypothesis of this paper claim that US polititions are doing micromanagment of military and for this reason they cause the main problem - inefficient US military campaign against ISIS
Resilience of critical infrastructure to emerging modern threats in the Baltic states.
No full textThis thesis analyze The Baltic states critical infrastructure protection and resilience policy to emerging challenges. In western countries resilience concept is used to enhance countries security. Critical infrastructure is potential target for terrorist attacks, cyber crime, hybrid warfare, which can be named emerging modern threats. In the Baltic states resilience concept is new and little analyzed so this thesis research critical infrastructure and resilience policy of the Baltic states
Conducting special operations for national security purpose.
No full textWith the world becoming increasingly global, threats to countries and their safety are starting to change as well. In the past centuries it was quite easy to distinguish threats, arising from outside, from the threats that emerged inside a country, whereas in the present day the threats have assimilated, become hybrid and, as a result, have affected the way in which military operations are being performed. In the face of contemporary threat of force the role of special operations to ensure the safety of a country became very important. Special military operations and their significance in the present soldiership are widely researched subjects in the scientific and military literature. However, this matter has not been studied in Lithuania yet, therefore, it can be seen that further research and development of the study is needed in order to ensure the national security of our country. In this study special operations and their execution in the peace time are analysed. It is intended to show the importance of such operations for ensuring the national safety strategy of the country and avoiding strong direct cross-border conflict. This paper discusses the challenges that one can face while carrying out special operations.In the theoretical part of the paper the present threats to the country's safety are discussed. The study greatly focuses on the subject of terrorism, rebellion and hostile countries' usage of armed forces. In order to react accordingly to these threats it is necessary to anticipate the prevention measures considering the national security and military strategies of the country. Military force becomes the main factor in battling the illegal armed groups. The role of military, as the guarantee of national security, is becoming very significant, since the need to use the military force is increasing not only during the war, but during the armed conflict as well or even under peaceful conditions, when special operations are being performed. Therefore, the conception of special operations, their characteristics and advantage over the conventional operations during the time of peace is analysed in the paper. Two qualitative studies were performed in order to clarify the importance of special operations while ensuring the national security of the country during the time of peace. In the first study the three countries' experience of performing special operations during the time of peace was analysed. Two biggest countries – the USA and Russian Federation were selected because they have large-scale national interests and ambitious goals which are accomplished by conducting special operations. Moreover, it is interesting to compare these countries' approach towards the execution of special operations because their ideologies differ. The third object of study is Israel, which is not a big country, however, it has extensive experience in executing special operations. During the second qualitative study the expert evaluation was performed where it was intended to examine the expert opinion towards the execution opportunities of special operations. The experts, who directly or indirectly participate in the process of ensuring the defence and security and are familiar with special operations, were surveyed. The research showed that, in the face of contemporary threat, special operations perform a crucial role in the security policy, especially at the time of conflict or peace. Such operations are executed when it is necessary to neutralise a threat with precision without triggering a large-scale military conflict. The opportunities of utilising special operations depend on the level of importance given to them in the national security area, strategy implementation tools or an integral part of military operations and the role they perform – the elimination of consequences or conflict prevention. It can be noted that special operations are a great preventive measure and, therefore, they make an excellent tool for the enforcement of national security policy. The paper contains 79 pages, 7 pictures, 11 tables, 3 appendices, the list of 64 literature sources
Georgia's security and defence policy changes after the Russia-Georgia war in 2008.
No full textThe war that broke out between Russia and Georgia in 2008 forced Georgia to change its security and defence policy and to initiate the process of modernisation of the armed forces. The war showed the main shortcomings in Georgia’s political sphere and disclosed the essential problems encountered by the armed forces. This conflict influenced changes in the security environment across the entire region and encouraged the states to assess Russia’s aggressive policy and imperialistic aims to restore control in post-Soviet countries with more caution
Integration of servicemen into the labor market. Transfer of competencies.
No full textWorld globalization, demographic processes in our country, the increasing emigration, changing of the economic situation, competition between the public and private sectors, existing, planned social patterns in the labor market due to staff instability and in the military institutions, these facts and situations directly affects the officers' choice of whether to continue military service as an office, or start to switch at the earliest possible stage of the planning officer's career to his personal second career in civil labor market. This master's thesis analyzed the modern theoretical approach to military expertise, an overview of the NATO countries (including Lithuania) military reintegration program, practice and experience of the military integration in the context of social guarantees differences and theoretical assumptions are capable of ensuring the success of retiring soldiers reintegration into the civilian labor market. After literature analysis, highlighted military competence specifics in military organizations, disclosed military knowledge, experience, individual abilities and career for effective military expertise transfer, compared several foreign programs and use of social guarantees, as well there is some recommendations for the entire national defense system for the reintegration program improvement. The paper analyzes problems with soldier transfer into the labor market, explores issues of transferring military competencies to a second career and analyzes current troops transferring services (strengths and weaknesses) and their influence on the transfer of military’s competences. Empirical research, was used to develop solutions to improve the efficiency of soldiers transfer to a second career. Studies have found that military transfer into the labor market programs are very complex, and should be developed using combination of human resource management and other areas that include an emphasis on training, education, the use of modern IT, institutional cooperation as well as engaging the individual (soldier) to promote motivation. The methods of scientific literature analysis, survey (questionnaire), expert interview were used in the present thesis
Initial military training school developments in Lithuania: a case study of Panevezys city.
No full textConsidering of the recent events in Lithuania and in the neighborhood, there is a very important problem - readiness to defend the freedom and independence of Lithuania, the occurrence of threat for integrity and sovereignty the Republic of Lithuania. The basic laws of the Republic of Lithuania is claimed, that it is an obligation of each citizen of the Republic of Lithuania, regardless of their status in the society. One of these documents is the Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania which is defined in Article 139, that “The defense of Lithuanian State from a foreign armed attack - right and obligation of every Lithuanian citizen” (The Constitution of Republic of Lithuania, 1992, 139 str.). This raises the question, how him, i.e. the citizen, to prepare for the possible performance of obligation, to acquire a necessary basic of military training bases, if in Lithuania since 2008 until 2015, It was temporarily suspended the obligatory initial duty of military (2008-09-15, Order of the Minister of National Defense No. V-868) and the introduced the professional duty of military. Nevertheless, that since half – year of 2015 it was returned the summons to compulsory initial duty of military, still persists exceptions and limitations for this performance. Therefore, not every citizen of Lithuania chooses a warrior profession. How to improve the situation? The answer is simple – in the basic schools the students must be introduced to the initial military training bases, involving them as an optional or compulsory subject, which aims to introduce students to basics of nationality and public spirits, to give moral value orientation, to develop discipline, self-control and motivation basics, to provide initial military skills, to promote social activities and active leadership. Such education would help to solve the current problem, that today's governments have been forgotten and not solved, only after the Ukrainian events has appeared several publications in the public area, about discussions to introduce the initial military training in schools “So maybe it is worth the military training to entrust for schools? It is a time to start talking about high school student’s military preparation” (Paulauskas, 2014) but due to the fact that there was no unanimity in the government - the problem remained unresolved, although in the pre-war independent Lithuania this problem was very relevant and the heads of state at the time, saw that it was a very important and necessary subject area. The problem of research – the development and current importance of initial military training in Lithuanian school. The object of research - the development of initial military training in the pre-war independent Lithuanian schools, in the post-war Soviet Lithuanian schools and in this time schools (in the case of Panevezys city). The purpose of research - to analyze the development of initial military training in Lithuanian schools (1929-1940, 1945-1990 and since 1991 until these days), with reference to the literature, periodicals and archive documents analysis. The tasks of Research: to distinguish the importance of initial military training in Lithuanian schools; to analyze the objectives , tasks, similarities and differences of initial military training developments in 1929-1940 and in 1945-1990; to reveal the current expression (since 1991 until these days) of initial military training in schools and to describe the importance for civil training in Lithuania; to reveal the tasks and objectives of initial military training in the case of Panevezys city at these days; to provide recommendations about the need to promote initial military training in Lithuanian schools. The methods of research: analysis of scientific literature, historiographical analysis, document analysis, comparative analysis, survey, partly structured expert interviews, descriptive statistics. These methods were chosen because it is difficult to find a scientific or other literature that define the importance of military training, system or applications in the city of Panevezys and all Lithuania's case, therefore, this study is a new and relevant for these days. The Master's thesis consists of two sections: in the first section are analyzes the theoretical concept of initial military training in Lithuanian school, in the second section the initial military training a case study in case of Panevezys city. In the conclusions / recommendations It proposes to promote the initial military training in Lithuanian schools and in accordance with the guidelines to prepare the initial military training program. The work contains: 2 chapters, 12 pictures, 5 tables, 1 annex; in the list of literature and references: 4 documents, 31 books and articles, 7 online sources
Lithuanian aviatiоn services' rоle in the search and rescue system, ensuring the safety оf citizens.
No full textThe aim оf this paper is tо analyse the efficiency оf SAR оperatiоns in Lithuania and tо evaluate their effectiveness; tо study and assess the patterns, used in fоreign cоuntries (Pоland, the Czech Republic), and prоvide the principled mоdel fоr the imprоvement and mоdernisatiоn оf Lithuanian search and rescue оperatiоns' system in оrder tо ensure public safety. The prоblem оf the research: The current aim, invоlving the fоundatiоn оf SAR system оf Lithuania is tо fulfil the internatiоnal оbligatiоns. Unfоrtunately, the present Lithuanian system оf SAR оperatiоns is nоt effective enоugh fоr securing the safety and aid tо Lithuanian citizens (and fоreigners, residing in Lithuania) in case оf emergency. The hypоthesis оf the study: Seeing as there is an evident lack оf aviatiоn capacity, cоncerning the search and rescue оperatiоns in Lithuania, it is necessary tо establish a fast and effective rescue mоdel. In оrder tо accоmplish that, a methоd, widely knоwn as Helicоpter Emergency Medical Services (HEMS) in fоreign cоuntries, cоuld be applied. The оbjects оf this thesis are the Aerоnautical Rescue Cооrdinatiоn Centre, Maritime Rescue Cооrdinatiоn Centre, Lithuanian Armed Fоrce, Air Fоrce and State Bоrder Guard Service units, respоnsible fоr SAR оperatiоns in Lithuania. The relevance оf the paper: The infоrmatiоn being presented by the media, related tо rescue оperatiоns in Lithuania, is ephemeral, therefоre, Lithuanian citizens, unaware оf the whоle situatiоn, may be misled by it. The paper includes the material, cоncerning the services that prоvide SAR оperatiоns, cоllected and summarised regulatiоns, defining the particularity оf SAR оperatiоns, the analysis and evaluatiоn оf expenses fоr SAR system's mоdernisatiоn, mоdels оf fоreign rescue оperatiоns and оther impоrtant in-depth infоrmatiоn abоut the оrganisatiоn оf SAR оperatiоns in Lithuania. In оrder tо achieve the aim the fоllоwing оbjectives have been set: tо analyse the purpоse оf SAR оperatiоns; tо analyse the capacity functiоns оf services that prоvide SAR оperatiоns; tо examine the aviatiоn experience оf fоreign cоuntries, cоncerning activities that ensure citizens' safety; 11 tо prоpоse suggestiоns fоr the оptimisatiоn оf SAR оperatiоns and/оr prоvide the effective air rescue mоdel fоr Lithuanian citizens. The nоvelty оf the study: The subject оf this paper is very impоrtant because it is directly related tо the preservatiоn оf peоple's health and lives. The last and mоst significant systematic changes presented tо this area tооk place in 1999. The under mentiоned research methоds have been applied in this thesis: the analysis and generalisatiоn оf the researched material; expert evaluatiоn; case study; cоmparative analysis. The structure оf the wоrk cоnsists оf the fоllоwing parts: the analysis оf dоcuments and regulatiоns; the analysis оf fоreign services that prоvide SAR оperatiоns; the research \"The Expert Apprоach tо Lithuanian SAR System and Its Develоpment Оppоrtunities\"; the cоmparative analysis. Cоnclusiоns: Having analysed the current situatiоn оf SAR activity in Lithuania it has been оbserved that services, which take part in оperatiоns under SAR plan, are faced with interactiоn prоblems. Mоreоver, it has been nоted that the available aviatiоn capacity is nоt adequately explоited in оrder tо ensure the fast and efficient aid tо the public in case оf emergency. Having applied the expert evaluatiоn methоd, the suggestiоns cоncerning the mоdernisatiоn оf SAR оperatiоns thrоugh the methоds used by fоreign cоuntries, have been presented in the paper. The study cоnsists оf three parts: theоretical, practical and research, where the expert survey has been cоnducted. The paper includes 16 pictures and 9 tables. The paper was prepared using 34 literary and 28 internet sоurces
Optimization of conscript recruitment for professional military service.
No full textThis bachelor work consists of a theoretical and exploratory part, introduction, conclusions and recommendations. In the theoretical part are reviewed managerial aspects of recruitment: recruitment sources and methods, role of recruiters in the organization. Also, peculiarities of LA personnel recruitment system. The work was based mainly Stoner, Dessler, Bakanauskienė works. Hypothesis: Lithuanian army recruitment system is not optimal. After discussing literature and management theories, prepared the study. For this purpose done the operationalization. In hypothesis the main variable is: the recruitment system non-optimality. This hypothesis variable measured by four sub variables: frequent changes in the recruitment system; used methods of recruitment of non-optimal; competency of recruiters is not sufficient; conscripts non-comprehensive informative about the PMS. Made a structured interview and questionnaire. The examination of the statistical data used in a one-and two-variable analysis. Estimated basic descriptive statistics trends. It also carried out a two-variable analysis: cross-table. Prepared 15 conclusions. The main: changes in the recruitment system adversely affects the system itself; not all apply recruitment methods are effective; recruiters in their presentations of information in a clear, but recruiters have lack of eloquence skills; a comprehensive and detailed informative about the PMS, has an impact on recruitment system. The main conclusion: Lithuanian army recruitment system is not optimal, the necessary decisions for its improvement. Also presented six proposals which are designed to Lithuanian Armed Forces Commander; Land Force Commander, National Defense Volunteer Forces
Comparative Analysis of Personnel Management Methods at the Police Department and Lithuanian Armed forces.
No full textAfter the restoration of Lithuania’s Independence, state institutions, such as the Ministry of the Interior governing the Police and the Ministry of National Defence controlling the Lithuanian Armed Forces resumed their activities as well. The Bachelor’s thesis analyzes personnel management functions, namely personnel recruitment and assessment, performed by these institutions. The Lithuanian police and armed forces are of major importance as the police are responsible for internal public security, e.g. crime and traffic safety, whereas the military deals with national defence. These institutions have always received special attention caused by different cases when public interest has remained unsatisfied due to the lack of professionalism, public spirit or motivation of employees. The police are expected to ensure crime reduction and public order, while the armed forces are related to public spirit, discipline and proper preparation for the defence of the country. To meet the mentioned criteria and assure professional performance of tasks, it is necessary to address the recruitment of employees and their accurate assessment in further stages. The thesis focuses on the role of human resource management in public sector, its management principles and implementing measures as well as subject, object, functions of human resource management and comparative analysis of personnel management processes (personnel recruitment and assessment) at the Lithuanian police and Lithuanian Armed Forces. The thesis theoretically analyzes scientific articles, legislative acts, regulations and other documents; it also presents empirical research, including a survey and comparative analysis of data. The results are of considerable importance applicable in practice together with the findings of the research. The comparative analysis reveals the shortcomings of the personnel recruitment and assessment methods used by the analyzed institutions. The empirical research results enable further development of personnel recruitment and assessment methods and their use
Lietuvos ir Austrijos kariuomenių transformacijos palyginimas po Šaltojo karo.
No full textThis thesis is about the comparison between Lithuanian and Austrian armed forces after the Cold War. The collapse of the USSR and the rise of the Iron Curtain marked a new era for the European continent. The Cold War has ended and European governments had to reconstruct their military capacities, adapted to the new international situation. During the Cold War, armed forces were huge and conventional type of tactics was present. Politicians understood that a change in the perception of war is inevitable. Due to that, the transformation of the armed forces started. Lithuania had to build its military from scratch, because the country had been occupied by the Soviets for a long time. The Lithuanian armed forces were increasing in numbers during the years and the main objective for the military was the defence of the country. Lithuanians feared for another occupation attempt and in order to prepare for it, new defence institutions and capabilities were swiftly installed. Austria changed its perception, too. After the Cold War, the Austrian government started to decrease its military in numbers, because there were no longer any direct military threats for the country. As a result, a lot of different structural reforms were conducted. The main external threat for Austria was and still is the regional, ethnical and religious conflicts in the neighbourhood. Nevertheless, in the face of international instability among countries, to understand the development of military capabilities is very important. To apprehend the way of constant military transformation is crucial for success. All in all, the main goal of this thesis is to find the differences and similarities between Lithuanian and Austrian armed forces transformation after the Cold War