Institutional Repository of the General Jonas Zemaitis Military Academy of Lithuania
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Russian engagement in the new type of war: case of Aleppo.
No full textWars in the third world countries are more complex than ever. Changing dynamics influence Great powers in order to maintain or expand their interest in a particular region. The biggest threat to reach that goal is armed groups, irregular forces. In contemporary Syrian war, a confrontation between state and non-state forces arises. Violence used by the goverment and its allies fighting the opposition distiguish it for other modern conflicts. Because of this it has shifted form of peaceful movement for economic and political reforms to civil war. Bashar al-Assad's goverment allies with Iran, „Hezbolah“ and Russia fought opposition and radical Islamic groups. Russia had a crucial role in the conflict transition. Moscow was interested in supporting the Syrian government. Strategic victory for Russia would have brought a strong power authority. At the same time it was a chance for Russian military in the context of military modernization to use accumulated expierence gathered from the wars Ukraine, Chechnia and Georgia, foreign US intervention in Iraq and Afghanistan. Siege of Aleppo became an example of a contemprorary Russian strategy. Moscow used its diplomatic and military power to ensure dominance in the city and the legitimate excessive use of power in the rebel-held East Aleppo. Work Object. Russian military methods used it Alepo operation. Reaserch purpose. Indicate Russian military methods in new type of war fighting for Aleppo. Objectives: 1. Present „new war“ theory in order to analise Russian warfare methods. 2. Reveal reasons of Russian intervention and interests in Aleppo. 3. Examine Russian military strategy in siege of Aleppo. The research conclusion. Changing dinamics in new wars are influencing war strategies. Russia is adopting modern military methods in order to effectively engage in new types of conflicts. Siege of Aleppo was a successful test of Russian diplomatic and military power despite brutality and international law violations. Methods: qualitative analysis of primary and secondary literature sources, case study
The impact of the Russian Federation's involvement in the Syrian conflict on the US influence in Syria and its neighboring countries.
No full textIn order to identify the balance of power in the world, it is important to examine the impact of the Russian Federation's involvement in the Syrian civil war on the political influence of the United States of America in Syria and its neighborhood countries. The internal Syrian conflict started following by the Arab Spring had created favorable conditions for the establishment of a large number of terrorist organization Daesh forces in the territory of the country and the geographic region in which the state is located is strategically important due to its abundant natural resources and its location on political map. In an effort to increase their political power, Washington and Moscow have set parallel goals – to combat the growing threat of the Daesh terrorist organization by destroying it in Syria and curbing its potential growth, counterbalancing the power of each other in the state and its neighborhood, thereby expanding their sphere of influence. Even before engaging in civil war, the Russian Federation supported the Syrian regime on the international scene by providing support in the UN Security Council meetings, while the United States was providing its support to opposition groups fighting against the regime and was seeking to impose sanctions on Damascus, and last time such political confrontation has been seen during a Cold War. Washington's ambition to fight both Daesh and the Syrian regime leaves room for the expansion of Russia's influence in the region, which it is successfully exploiting. The thesis examines the influence of the United States in Syria and its neighboring states after the Russian Federation became involved in the fighting in Syria's civil war in 2015. The aim of this study is to assess the impact on the political influence of the United States that the Russian Federation has had after involvement in the ongoing conflict in Syria. Defensive statement in the thesis is – the involvement of the Russian Federation in the Syrian conflict has had a negative impact on the political influence of the United States in Syria and its neighboring countries. The tasks set forth in the work seek to reveal the possibilities of the neoclassical realism theory to explain the struggle of states for influence and political power, compare the influence Washington has had on Syria before and after Russia's engagement in civil war, to investigate the goals, actions and reactions of Russia and the United States in Syria, and to investigate what impact for the political influence of United States on Syria Russian Federation has had. In order to fulfill the tasks, descriptive –analytic, process tracing, comparison, document analysis methods are applied. The thesis consist of introduction, three empirical sections: first – reviewing the theory of neoclassical realism in international relations, second – reviewing the influence of the United States in the region before and after Russia's involvement in the Syrian civil war and identifying goals and outcomes of United States actions in Syria. In the third section – identification in analogous way of Russia’s goals, actions and outcomes while reviewing Russia's intensive support to Syria in the United Nations Security Council and evaluation of Russian Federation impact on the Washington’s influence in Syria. The thesis is finished with conclusions. The conclusions of the study indicate that the defensive statement is confirmed – the involvement of the Russian Federation in the Syrian civil war has had a negative impact on the political influence of the United States in Syria and its neighboring states. Russia's successful use of the gaps in the political decisions and actions made by the United States increases cooperation with Syria and its neighboring states thus raising its own influence on the territory grow and take over political tool capable of forming an inner and foreign policy of the states in the future
Motivation to Learn: Professional Military Service Servicemen at the Training and Doctrine Command of the Lithuanian Armed forces.
No full textOnly properly prepared and motivated soldier acquire the possibility to fulfil its duty and solve problems while helping other employees and organization. Motivational learning conditions is widely spread topic of multitude international literature. However, it is not that relevant in military. Motivation and support is a valid for people who tend to work or take a part in military. Therefore, knowledge of how soldiers understand the motivation and familiar factors is useful at some kind of military units. Investigation problem – does learning/career lifting system terms motivate the soldiers to strive and improve themselves at the Training and Doctrine Command of the Lithuanian Armed forces. The object of work – motivation to Learn: Professional Military Service Servicemen at the Training and Doctrine Command of the Lithuanian Armed forces. The aim – analyse the conditions of learning in Lithuanian Military and soldiers’ motivation to develop their career. To analyse the topic, the main targets have been formulated: 1. To describe the aspects of military training. 2. Identify motivational factors which encourage soldiers to learn. 3. To identify motivational learning tools in the Training and Doctrine Command of the Lithuania Armed forces. 4. To identify the most motivating learning tools. Research methods applied in the work: Scientific literature and sources analysis, document analysis, quantitative research method: questionnaire survey, analysis of data obtained with SPSS and Microsoft Office Excel programs. After analysing the scientific literature, motivating factors that promote the soldiers to study have been identified. The results of the study showed the most motivating tools for soldiers. The survey showed that most of the soldiers are not satisfied with motivational learning tools at the certain place. In order to improve the learning environment and motivational tools, it is necessary to take into account the most appropriate forms of training for the soldiers, thus ensuring that the soldier is able to choose the most suitable form of education that allows him to realize himself and acquire new knowledge and skills
The Research on the Possible Uses of Loitering Munitions in the Lithuanian Armed Forces.
No full textLately between militaries of the world one kind of weaponry is getting more and more popular, this weaponry is loitering unitions. This weaponry could be called intermediate between guided missile and drone. So if Lithuanian armed forces want to improve its readiness to accomplis its task it is a must to consider possible uses of loitering munitions. Also it is taken into consideration that it is mentioned in Minister of National Defense guidelines for year 2017-2022, that there is plans to buy long range anti tank weaponry. The main focus of this thesis is evaluation of loitering munitions on a role of anti tank weapon. The main aim of this thesis is to theoreticaly and practicaly evaluate criteria by which long range anti tank weaponry would be evaluated and based on those criteria choose the best weaponry system. The main objectives of the work was set to evaluated capabilies of anti tank weaponry used by Armed Forces of Lithuania againts possible targets. Also to evaluate effectivenes of different loitering munitions systems, and choose those which are effective enaugh to destroy possible targets. And choose best suited for Armed Forces of Lithuania. While analysing potencial targets three loitering munitions systems were chosen as the most effective against those targets. Then those systems where evaluated using best economical proposal method and one was chosen as best suited for Armed forces of Lithuania. That system was Elbit Skystriker. Hypothesis was rised in the begining of the research that loitering munitions is better weapons system than guided missiles. Together with loitering munitions system one guided missiles system was evaluated, this missile system is Spike NLOS and it got worst results from evaluation, so hypothesis is proven to be true
Business Process Management at the Ministry of National Defence of the Republic of Lithuania.
No full textAmong other institutions, the military is forced to develop in a rapidly changing environment. It has been noticed that traditional methods are not sufficient to ensure the operational efficiency, therefore there is a clear need to move to the business process management. Business process management (BPM) – achievement of institutions’ goals by controlling, managing and continuously improving business processes. However, as every management method, process management also has its own success factors and obstacles which prevents it from being used more widely. The aim of this final thesis is to determine why BPM at the Ministry of National Defence of the Republic of Lithuania is not fully implemented and developed in all activities carried out by the MoND, although it has been used since 2010. The object of this paper – BPM at the MoND. Accordingly, the aim of this paper is to analyse the BPM at the MoND of the Republic of Lithuania and to determine priorities for its development. To achieve this goal, the following objectives are: 1) to present the concept of process management and discuss its stages; 2) to discuss process management models and factors that are influencing the success of process management in organizations; 3) to investigate the BPM at the MoND, in order to determine the business process implementation and the factors of the its success, as well as emerging obstacles; 4) to present conclusions based on the results of the research and to formulate suggestions on how to improve the BPM at the MoND. During this research, criterion selection was used, alongside the interview of experts. During the research, it was found that: 1) experts evaluate BPM at the MoND as an underdeveloped activity which needs to be improved; 2) the external and internal causes that led to the deployment of process management at the MoND; 3) factors and activities that determine the success of process management at the MoND; 4) the emerging obstacles encountered in installing and managing process at the MoND 5) the reasons encouraging the emergence of these obstacles at the MoND. Based on the results of the research, suggestions provided for the development and improvement of the BPM at this institution
Information security issues protection problems and modern threats to national security.
No full textoai:lka.lt:elaba:29257683The relevance of the master's thesis, \"Information Security Issues Protection Problems and Modern Threats to National Security\", is based on the reasonable doubt that the security system of classified information does not respond sufficiently quickly and flexibly to contemporary threats arising from classified information, as there are cases of loss of information stored in the state or service secrets. In the final work it is sought to find out the issues of the protection of classified information and contemporary threats to the national security of the state. In order to achieve the stated goal, the paper presents the legal, political and social aspects of classified information, analyzes the threats to national security, discussing in their context and the risks that lead to the loss of classified information. Issues of the system for the protection of classified information are discussed as well as possible preventive measures that can ensure the security of classified information. After analyzing the theoretical aspects of the master's thesis, as well as evaluating the results of the research conducted in the form of expert interviews, the hypothesis emerged at the beginning of the final work: the system of protection of the classified information of the Republic of Lithuania does not respond sufficiently quickly and flexibly to modern threats arising from classified information. It is concluded that the system of protection of classified information due to problems that it encounters does not always ensure the effective protection of classified information and can not respond quickly and properly to ever-changing threats. In the final work, it is proposed, first of all, to improve the definition of the concept of classified information by explicitly regulating it in laws, as well as improving the system of protection of classified information, removing obstacles to its efficiency, optimizing personnel selection processes and seeking more funding
The analysis of non-commissioned officers’ leadership development system for asymmetric warfare.
No full textThe asymmetric warfare techniques have become a major tool in modern wars and have replaced the methods of conventional warfare. Regarding to that, it became very relevant to identify the main features of asymmetric warfare in order to prepare soldiers (leaders) to be effective when they face with the new warfare techniques. The leadership competencies, that leaders are developing, should meet the requirements and challenges of the asymmetric warfare. The problem of this final paper is to find out if the Lithuanian Armed Forces non-commissioned officers (NCOs) / leaders are adequately trained to lead the soldiers, to make the situational oriented nontraditional decisions in asymmetric warfare and if the leaders develop the competences that are in line with the asymmetric warfare
The commercial deals connected with Gazprom's Nord Stream 2 : a review of strings and benefits attached to the controversial Russian pipelines /
No full textThis paper reviews the multiple strings and benefits attached to the single most controversial gas pipeline project in Europe - the second Russian twin subsea pipeline that is currently under construction in the Baltic Sea. While much attention has been paid to the question of why and how the Russian statecontrolled energy giant seeks to circumvent Ukraine as a transit country for its delivery of gas to Western Europe, hardly any attention has been paid to the benefits gained by the companies and political entities directly involved in the preparation and construction of Nord Stream 2. The paper seeks to fill this gap in the debate by taking a closer look at the business deals and commercial actors involved in the implementation of this second Russian natural gas pipeline project in the Baltic Sea. It highlights how local and national economic interests and European energy companies' motivations for participating in the project go beyond the volumes of Russian natural gas that Gazprom expects to deliver to European customers through its Baltic Sea pipelines from 2020
Military Service Time Planning at the Reconnaissance Company of the Mechanized Infantry Brigade “Iron Wolf”.
No full textGood workers time usages in every organization is one of the most important elements which is aimed at the best results. Time planning methods and principles lets the organization to optimize it’s time usages. However, commanders which are planning soldiers time table must have knowledge about time planning and know how to properly use that knowledge in practice. The problem of final bachelor work – that time planning is an integral part of optimizing the service. Military as a statutory organization strictly regulates the time schedule, which is based on weekly and annual plans, but the soldiers are still faced with the problem of work and leisure optimization. Therefore, it is important to ascertain whether and how managers / management team use time scheduling rules when planning their time and determine the reasons for the waste of employees / soldiers. The following tasks are: to determine the need for time planning in an organization, to find out the importance of leisure time planning, discuss the possibilities of time planning and optimization in the organization (army), determine how the planned time is \"Intelligence in the company\", to review the influence of the leaders on the emotional and psychological state of the conscripts when the management the group has insufficient theoretical and practical knowledge of effective time planning. The hypothesis of the investigation - the commanding officers of the \"Intelligence Company\" military service time and leisure facilities have insufficient time to manage knowledge. The study determined: respondents understand the importance of time planning, but do not know the principles of proper use of time, the \"intelligence team\" management team has not had timetable training and has only practical knowledge of time planning, optimization of time utilization the management team of the \"Intelligence Company\" should be given additional time for learning about effective time planning. The hypothesis was confirmed in the study - the management team of the \"Intelligence Group\" needs to improve and expand planning knowledge