Institutional Repository of the General Jonas Zemaitis Military Academy of Lithuania
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663 research outputs found
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The Expression of the Strategic Culture in the U.S. Cyber Deterrence Policy.
No full textCyber tools infuse a huge transformation to the human environment and emphasize the importance of this topic for overall human behavior. Thus, this transformation raises the problem that the change in these alteration and the growing influence of the cyber element encourage a re-form of the U.S. perception of deterrence, but some of the political elite’s preferences stem from the state’s cultural foundations and behavior through internal and external factors. The study identifies that the main object is the influence of U.S. strategic culture and non-cultural variables on the formation of U.S. cyber deterrence policy. In order to explore this object, the objectives are to develop an analysis tool for strategic culture analysis, to assess attitudes towards the strategic environment and cyber deterrence policy, and finally to analyze US presidents' preferences for the political-military behaviour in the 2009-2020 period. The study raises two defensive statements - the US strategic culture determines the perception of how cyber deterrence policy should be formed, and the change in technological cycles challenges the feedback of operational doctrine and changes the strategic culture. In order to achieve the research goals, the methods of content analysis, cognitive mapping and symbol analysis were chosen. These methods were chosen in order to properly examine the research topic and taking into account the complexity of the topic and the need to distinguish the influence of non-cultural variables. The results of the study reveal that U.S. strategic culture determines perceptions of how cyber deterrence policies should be shaped and limits behavioral options. This can be said by assessing the impact of strategic culture on the attitudes of U.S. presidents and the overall perception of strategic environment, but it is observed that the final course of action is prioritized by external events or changes in the political elite. In addition, it is observed that uncontrolled threats can change attitudes towards acceptable cultural artefacts. It can also be noted that both defensive statements were substantiated during the study
The relation between aging of population and sustainable development of EU countries /
No full textSustainable development is based on the idea of achieving an acceptable level of social, economic, and cultural development. However, there are a lot of impediments to achieving this idea so far. Population aging is one of these (and, probably, major) global trends affecting all countries and putting the realization of sustainable development goals at risk. The main goal of this article, therefore, is to test the relation between aging and three groups of indicators of sustainable development of EU countries. The investigation that forms the basis of the given article has focused on the median age of the population and six sustainable development indicators of the EU countries. The analysis covers annual data of the period from 2000 to 2018. All variables have been obtained from the Eurostat database. This has provided a possibility to compare the EU countries by indicators under consideration
Analyzing the status of sustainable development in the manufacturing sector using multi-expert multi-criteria fuzzy decision-making and integrated triple bottom lines /
No full textA sustainable manufacturing company depends on the developments in three aspects in order to minimize harmful impacts on the environment, improve the social relations, and simultaneously maximize the economic benefits. Despite the increasing types of investigations that researchers have carried out in environmental and economic aspects, the minimum attention has been paid to social relations. In response to this deficiency, this paper proposes a new framework to obtain the overall sustainability index in manufacturing companies by encapsulating the sustainability criteria/sub-criteria. This article collected 33 sub-criteria for five pillars of sustainability as social, environment, economic, technological advancement, and performance management. The key contributions of this paper are highlighted as the hierarchical method that obtains the status of sustainability in uncertain conditions, the ability to identify the weak points, and a new framework for gathering the data about sustainability performance in manufacturing companies. The findings of this paper will aid both policymakers and decision-makers to assess the sustainability status of manufacturing systems and improve the performances of them
Study of Problems Faced when Establishing Military Field Camps /
No full textThe following article analyses the theoretical aspects of a military field camp by defining the concept of a field camp and meaning thereof, by discussing its application in the army, and offering research methodologies for solving various issues and challenges under consideration. The second part of the paper presents a unit in which the selected researches were performed. The detailed course of research while using three different methods is presented, namely that of the analysis of the target group survey, in-depth interview and comparative analysis. The analysis of the target group survey provided data on the establishment of a military field camp, indicated things that are necessary when establishing a field camp and showed what problems are most often encountered by said camps. Four respondents holding different military positions, involved in the process of establishing a field camp, were interviewed using the in-depth interview method. This research sought to identify issues and challenges faced during the establishment of a field camp and the process of planning. The method of comparative analysis was used to identify the disadvantages and advantages of setting up a military field camp, based on camp plans, NATO standards and hygiene rules. This method additionally seeks to identify the causes of problems found by the research methods employed previously. The operational process method will be used to depict diagrams that show the improvement of the establishment of a military field camp after solving the problems. The method of root cause analysis will identify the problems that belong to the appropriate groups
Dar kartą apie „naujųjų medijų“ („naujosios žiniasklaidos“) antraštes kaip pragmatikos ir žiniasklaidos ekologijos objektą.
No full textThe article continues the analysis of the problem previously raised by the author, which deals with the nature of the headlines of modern new media. This article presents a pragmatic perspective on the study of headings aimed at attracting the attention of readers from the point of view of their correspondence to the postulates of communication of J. Grice. The article shows that the attention of the reader is often attracted by the violation of such cooperative principles as the postulate of quantity (maxim of quantity). The author focuses on the speed of dissemination of information under a certain heading and notes the transformation of headlines on various news sites. This makes it possible to assess the place of a news site in the media space and to determine how correctly the news resource uses the information received from another resource. The article attempts to establish a correlation between the “viral” headlines and the nature of modern culture that affects the reasons for their creation and transformation. Following the concept of media education of the English theorist of culture and media education L. Masterman, the author outlines possible ways of developing critical thinking on the basis of such headings, which are an integral part of the “new media”