Repositorio Digital Universidad Simón Bolívar
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Evaluación simultánea de volúmenes y movimiento sinérgico del ventrículo izquierdo a partir de angiogramas de rayos X utilizando un marco computacional unificado
No full textX-rays angiograms of the left ventricle as the main cavity of the human heart
are acquired at the catheterization rooms routinely in order to evaluate the cardiac dynamic
function. The global measurement of volumes, ejection fraction and synergistic motion associated with the ventricular cavity are considered in the assessment of such function. A precise left ventricle silhouette on the angiograms is necessary to calculate the function descriptors. A segmentation method is required to obtain the projected cavity shapeLos angiogramas de rayos X del ventrículo izquierdo como la cavidad principal del
corazón humano se adquieren en las salas de cateterismo de forma rutinaria para evaluar la función dinámica cardíaca. La medición global de los volúmenes, la fracción de eyección y el movimiento sinérgico asociados con la cavidad ventricular se consideran en la evaluación de
dicha función. Es necesaria una silueta precisa del ventrículo izquierdo en los angiogramas para calcular los descriptores de funciones. Se requiere un método de segmentación para obtener la forma de la cavidad proyectada
Effects of aging practices on academic performance and its contribution to psychological therapy
No full textEste estudio fue realizado en la ciudad de Cúcuta - Colombia,
contando con la participación de 71 estudiantes del Colegio
Sagrado Corazón de Jesús, y 71 padres de familia. Tuvo
como objetivo analizar la relación que existe entre las prácticas
de crianza y el rendimiento académico. Se empleo una
metodología cuantitativa, no experimental. La evaluación
consistió en un cuestionario de prácticas de crianza dirigido
a padres y a madres, el Cuestionario de Prácticas de Crianza/
Dimensiones: apoyo afectivo o práctica responsiva y regulación
de comportamiento (versiones padres) compuesto
por 120 ítems (Aguirre, 2010) y las calificaciones respectivamente
de cada estudiante. Se encontró una correlación
entre la expresión de afecto y la asignatura educación física;
y correlación negativa entre las técnicas de inducción con
las asignaturas religión y lengua castellana. En cuanto a las
demás dimensiones de prácticas de crianza y el rendimiento
académico no se encontró correlación alguna.This study was carried out in the city of Cúcuta - Colombia,
with the participation of 71 students from the School Colegio
Sagrado Corazón de Jesús, and 71 parents. The objective
was to analyze the relationship between parenting guidelines
and academic performance. It was used a quantitative
methodology, non experimental. The evaluation consisted of
a questionnaire on parenting practices aimed at fathers and
mothers, Parenting Practices Questionnaire / Dimensions:
affective support or responsive practice and behavior regulation
(parent versions) consisting of 120 items (Aguirre 2010)
and grades respectively of each student. It was found a correlation
between the expression of affection and the physical
education subject; and negative correlation between the
techniques of induction with the subject’s religion and Spanish
language. As for the other dimensions of parenting practices
and academic performance, no correlation was found
Personality styles and parenting practices
No full textAntecedentes: La crianza parental implica la transferenciade hábitos y la formación de los hijos que, si bien dependede la experiencia previa de los padres, también responde acondiciones biológicas y sociales que configuran estructurasparticulares de personalidad que pueden influir en la formaciónpsicológica y social de los niños.Objetivo: Analizar la relación entre los estilos de personalidady las prácticas de crianza.Métodos: Se propuso un diseño correlacional de corte transversal,con un muestreo no probabilístico por convenienciaconformado por 80 padres y madres de familia de un colegiopúblico en Cúcuta-Colombia; quienes fueron evaluados medianteel cuestionario de estilos de personalidad CEPER-III ycuestionario de prácticas parentales CPC-1.Resultados: Se encontró un predominio en el estilo de personalidadsádico y una baja presencia del estilo obsesivocompulsivo;así mismo se encontró mayor proporción deapoyo afectivo en las madres en comparación con padres.Se halló relación entre los estilos límite, esquizoide, evitativoy depresivo con algunas prácticas de apoyo afectivo, mostrandouna relación inversamente proporcional entre la acentuaciónde estilos clínicos y la crianza afectiva.Conclusión: Los estilos clínicos acentuados, se relacionannegativamente con las prácticas de crianza de tipo afectivo.Se discuten los resultados en intención de fortalecer líneasde investigación dirigidas a la construcción de un modeloexplicativo sobre los factores determinantes en las prácticas parentales.Background: Parental upbringing involves the transfer of habits and the training of children, which, although it depends on the previous experience of the parents, also responds to
biological and social conditions that shape particular personality structures that can influence Children’s psychological and social training. Objective: To analyze the relationship between personality styles and parenting practices. Methods: A cross-sectional and correlational design was proposed, with a non-probabilistic sampling for convenience consisting of 80 fathers and mothers of a public school in Cúcuta-Colombia; who were evaluated through the CEPER-III
personality styles questionnaire and CPC-1 parental practices questionnaire.
Results: Predominance was found in the sadistic personality style and a low presence of obsessive-compulsive style; likewise, a greater proportion of emotional support was found
in mothers compared to fathers. A relationship was found between borderline, schizoid, avoidant and depressive styles with some affective support practices, showing an inversely
proportional relationship between the accentuation of clinical styles and affective parenting.
Conclusion: Accentuated clinical styles are negatively related to affective parenting practices. The results are discussed in order to strengthen lines of research aimed at the construction
of an explanatory model on the determining factors in parental practices
Childhood Obesity: A Shorty´s problem becoming big
No full textLa obesidad es una enfermedad crónica de comportamiento epidemiológico complejo
que se origina de la interacción entre factores genéticos y ambientales, entre los que destacan los patrones de alimentación y el consumo calórico diario, así como el grado de actividad física. Según la Organización Mundial para la Salud (OMS), la obesidad se define como una
acumulación anormal y excesiva de grasa corporal. Para el diagnóstico de esta condición en niños y adolescentes se utilizan tablas diseñadas por la OMS que definen a un individuo con sobrepeso como aquel con un IMC superior al percentil 85 pero inferior al percentil 95, y con obesidad aquellos individuos con un IMC por encima del percentil 95 para una edad y sexo específicos. La prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en niños está en aumento en muchos países del orbe y pesar de ser un problema que ha sido estudiado sistemáticamente desde hace más de 40 años aún está lejos de ser resuelto, y contrariamente a lo que se cree, su mayor crecimiento e impacto está ocurriendo en los países pobres y en vías de desarrollo, así, en el ámbito mundial para el año 2018 el número de niños menores de 5 años con sobrepeso era de 38 millones,
de los cuales, 27.2 millones vivían en Asia y África. Actualmente en las Américas 5.6 millones de niños son portadores de sobrepeso u obesidad, los cuales coexisten con un número aún importante de niños con desnutrición lo cual se conoce como “doble carga de la malnutrición y obesidad”, un hecho que forma parte del fenómeno de la transición nutricional. En Colombia la última encuesta nacional de nutrición ha reportado una prevalencia de exceso de peso de un 6.3% en niños menores de 5 años, un 24.4% en escolares y un 17.9% en adolescentes. Por su parte, en el Norte de Santander los estudios realizados sobre obesidad infantil son muy escasos y con tamaños de muestra reducidos, reportando que la prevalencia de sobrepeso se encuentra en un 23% y la de obesidad en un 17%, cifras que deben llamar la atención para la realización de estudios controlados y con marcos muestrales apropiados.Obesity is a chronic disease with a complex
epidemiological behaviour originated from the interaction between genetic and environmental factors, among which are the patterns of diet and daily caloric consumption, as well as the degree of physical activity. According to the World
Health Organization (WHO), obesity is defined as an abnormal and excessive accumulation of body fat. For the diagnosis of this condition in children and adolescents, tables designed by the WHO define overweight as a BMI higher than the 85th percentile but lower than the 95th percentile, and obesity as those individuals with a BMI above of the 95th percentile for a specific age and sex. Overweight and childhood obesity is rising in many countries,
and despite being a problem systematically studied for more than 40 years, it is still far from being solved.
Contrary to generalised believing, the most significant impact
in terms of prevalence is occurring in both poor and
low-income countries. Thus, -in a global scope for 2018,
the number of children with obesity under five years old
was 38 million, of which 27.2 million lived in Asia and
Africa. Currently, 5.6 million children are carriers of overweight
or obesity in the Americas coexisting with a significant
number of children with malnutrition as a part
of the nutritional transition phenomenon. In Colombia,
the latest national nutrition survey has reported 6.3% and
an overall prevalence of “weight-excess” (Obesity + overweight)
in children less than five years, 24.4% in schoolchildren
and 17.9% in adolescents. On the other hand, in
the North of Santander, studies on childhood obesity are
both very scarce and with small sample sizes, reporting
an overweight and obesity prevalence of 23% and 17%
respectively, a landscape that should be a call of attention
for conducting more controlled studies with an appropriate
sampling frame
Relationship between parental practices and psychological adjustment of school adolescents
No full textObjetivo: El propósito fue determinar la relación entre las Prácticas Parentales y el Ajuste Psicológico en adolescentes escolarizados. Métodos: Participaron 142 estudiantes escolarizados. Se utilizaron la Escala de Prácticas Parentales para Adolescentes (PP-A), y para el Ajuste Psicológico, el Youth Self-Report (YSR).
Resultados: Aunque se identificaron buenas prácticas parentales, hubo baja correlación entre las variables estudiadas. Las prácticas parentales de ambos padres que tendieron a asociarse negativamente con el ajuste psicológico fueron: Comunicación, Control Conductual y Autonomía. El Control Conductual materno no obtuvo ninguna correlación con Problemas Internalizados; sin embargo, Comunicación y Control Conductual materno fueron más significativos en relación con Problemas de Comportamiento Externalizados, y la Autonomía, con los Problemas Internalizados. Conclusiones: Las prácticas parentales se consideraron como favorecedoras del ajuste psicológico de los adolescentes evaluados, particularmente, la Comunicación Materna y la Autonomía promovida por ambos padres. Por su parte, la Imposición materna y el Control Psicológico paterno, se asociaron mejor con problemas de comportamiento internalizados y externalizados.Objective: The purpose was to determine the relationship between Parental Practices and Psychological Adjustment in adolescents enrolled in school. Methods: 142 adolescent students participated. The Parental Practices for Adolescents Scale [PP-A] was used, and for the Psychological Adjustment, and The Youth Self-Report
[YSR]. Results: Although a low correlation was found between the variables studied, however, the results denote good parental practices. The Parental Practices of both parents tended to associate negatively with the Psychological Adjustment were Communication, Behavior Control and Autonomy. The maternal Behavior Control was not correlated with Internalized Problems; however, Communication and Behavioral Control of the mother were more significant in relation to Externalized Behavior Problems, and Autonomy, for Internalized Problems. Conclusions: The Parental Practices were considered as favoring the Psychological Adjustment of the evaluated adolescents, particularly, the maternal Communication and the Autonomy promoted by both parents. On the other hand, maternal Imposition and Paternal Psychological Control were better associated with internalized and externalized behavioral problems
Translation and validation of the spanish version of the chronic Illness anticipated stigma scale (CIASS) in Colombian patients diagnosed with chronic Illnesses.
No full textObjective: Determine the psychometric properties of the CIASS scale for Colombian patients living with chronic diseases. Method: A Spanish version of the scale was distributed to a sample of 230 patients (33.2% male, aged 18-98 years) diagnosed with chronic diseases. A confirmatory factor analysis was performed using unweighted least squares to determine the scale’s structural validity, Cronbach’s alpha was calculated to determine the scale’s reliability, and correlations with related constructs were calculated to determine the scale’s convergent validity. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis suggested that the factor structure of the scale was a satisfactory fit to the proposed theoretical model (χ2 = 3133.26, df = 526, root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.082, P-Value = 0.00, CFI = 1.00, root mean square residual [RMR] = 0.11). The internal consistency of the scale was strong (Cronbach’s α = .815), indicating that the scale was reliable. We found that the discrimination index of CIASS scale items were high (r= .647-.870). Convergent validity was also supported, associations observed with lower coping and greater negative emotion scores. Conclusion: The CIASS scale is a valid and reliable instrument for the assessment of anticipated stigma in Colombian patients with chronic illnesses
Usefulness of digital images segmentation in pulmonary transplantation
No full textIn the presence of pulmonary pathologies such as chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease, diffuse pulmonary disease and cystic fibrosis, among others, it is common to require
the removal or replacement of a portion of lungs. There are several requirements for both
donors and organ receivers (recipients) established in the literature. May be the main one is the
volume that the donor's lungs occupy in the thoracic cavity. This parameter is vital because if
the volume of the lungs exceeds the thoracic cavity of the recipients the transplant, logically, is
unfeasible for physical reasons such as the incompatibility between the receiver lung volume
and the donor lung volume. In this sense, the present paper proposes the creation of a hybrid
technique, based on digital image processing techniques application to raise the quality of the
information related to lungs captured in three-dimensional sequences of computed tomography
and for generating the morphology and the volumes of the lungs, belonging to a patient. During
the filtering stage median, saturated and gradient magnitude filters are applied with the purpose
of addressing the noise and artefacts images problems; whereas during the segmentation stage,
methods based on clustering processes are used to extract the lungs from the images. The
values obtained for the metric that assesses the quality of the hybrid computational technique
reflect its good performance. Additionally, these results are very important in clinical processes
where both the shapes and volumes of lungs are vital for monitoring some lung diseases that
can affect the normal lung physiology
Potential energy savings and CO2 emissions reduction in Colombia compressed air systems
No full textCompressed air (CA) is one of the most common systems used in industry. In countries such as Australia, Italia, France, China and USA, energy consumption of CA systems (CASs) contributes about to 10% of the total electricity consumption in industry. In Colombia, this value reaches 8%, highlighting the textile industry, with a 24% of consumption. Despite of all its advantages, CA is expensive, between 10 and 30% of consumed energy reaches the end-use point. Improvements to CASs can achieve between 20 and 60% of energy savings, with pay-back periods lower than two years. These are the reasons that they can be considered as one of the main targetsystems while planning energy efficiency actions in industry. Colombia through different strategies has proposed to implement a group of measures to improve energy efficiency and reduce electricity consumption to 2021 around 7%. Implementation of good practices in CASs is one of them. This paper is showed the share cost, electricity consumption and the savings potential of the CASs in the different divisions of the Colombian manufacturing sector, the main sectors to be involved as well as the potential savings and reduction of dioxide carbon emissions
Relationship between Physical Activity and Emotional Intelligence and Bullying Among School Children
No full text!is work aims to determine the relationship between the level of physical activity in children, emotional intelligence, and
bullying. A cross-sectional cohort study was conducted on 991 children, and adolescents between ages seven and 17 years
from a sample of 16 public schools in Barranquilla, Colombia. !e participants completed the Physical Activity Questionnaire
for children and the Physical Activity Questionnaire for adolescents, along with the My Life at School questionnaire
to determine the indexes of bullying and general aggression, the risk of bullying, and positive and negative behaviors. !e
Trait Meta-Mood Scale-24 was used to evaluate attention, clarity, and emotional repair ability. A binary logistic regression
analysis was used to determine the relationship among levels of physical activity, bullying, and emotional intelligence. A
total of 65.4% of the participants had low levels of physical activity. !e Bullying index was 55.6%. !e students who did
not regularly engage in physical activity had a higher probability of being victims of school harassment [OR 1.3 (95%
CI: 1.1–1.6)] and higher levels of general aggression [OR 1.4 (95% CI: 1.1–1.8)]. Furthermore, the females who did not
regularly engage in physical activity reported having less control of their feelings [OR 1.6 (95% CI: 1.1–2.5)]. !e results
indicate that physical activity should be encouraged in schools to prevent bullying and violence
Use of antifungal medications in the adult intensive care unit in a service provider institution
No full textObjetivo: Determinar la indicación y frecuencia de prescripción
de medicamentos antifúngicos (AF) en el servicio de unidad
de cuidados intensivos (UCI) de adulto en una institución
prestadora de servicio (IPS) de tercer nivel.
Metodología: Estudio de tipo descriptivo de corte transversal,
con una muestra de 125 pacientes a los cuales se les
prescribió por lo menos un medicamento antifúngico durante
su estancia en los servicios de UCI. Se utilizó SPSS versión24
para hacer los análisis de los datos.
Resultados: Del total de los participantes, el 54,4% eran
mujeres, el 24,8% presentaban como enfermedad de base
una patología hematológica u oncológica y en un 8,3%, infección
por VIH. En los 125 pacientes se utilizaron alrededor de
1552 medicamentos antifúngicos, siendo el fluconazol el más
utilizado, representando el 51% del total de la prescripción.
Conclusión: El antifúngico más utilizado en pacientes que
se encuentra en la unidad de cuidados intensivos es el fluconazol.Objective: To determine the indications and frequency at
which antifungal (AF) medications is prescribed in the adult
intensive care unit (ICU) service in a third-level service provider
institution (IPS).
Methodology: Descriptive cross-sectional study, with a sample
of 125 patients who were prescribed at least one antifungal
medication during their stay in the ICU services. SPSS
version 24 was used to analyze the data.
Results: From total of the participants, 54.4% were women,
24.8% had a hematological or oncological disease as base
disease and 8.3% a HIV infection. In the 125 patients around
1552 antifungal medications were prescribed, being fluconazole
the more used with 51% of the total of the prescription.
Conclusion: The most used antifungal in patients in the intensive
care unit is fluconazole