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Trends of fatal unintentional injuries among working-age adults in Finland between 1998 and 2022
Full text linkBackgroundUnintentional injuries pose significant challenges to public health, impacting individuals and communities. They also create significant economic costs for society as a whole. Common preventable fatal unintentional injuries among adults of working age include, among others, falls, poisonings, traffic accidents and drowning.AimTo examine the incidence trends of the changes in fatal unintentional injuries among working-age (25–64) adults in Finland, with alcohol and/or drug intoxication as a contributing cause of death.MethodsWe used open data from the Causes of Death register hosted by Statistics Finland. Injury deaths between 1998 and 2022 were included in the analysis. The Mann-Kendall non-parametric trend test was used for incidence rates, assessing whether a monotonic trend was present.ResultsThe most common fatal unintentional injuries in working-age adults in Finland were due to poisonings, falls and traffic accidents. The results showed a significant downward trend in the number of all fatal unintentional injuries, with the exception of poisonings among the youngest age group, 25–34 years, in both males and females. The incidence of fatal unintentional injuries among men decreased by 53 % during the study period, and by 46 % among women. Men were more frequently involved in fatal unintentional injuries than women.ConclusionFatal unintentional injuries among the working-age population have decreased in Finland due to national collaborative efforts in recent decades. However, preventive measures are still needed, especially to prevent unintentional injuries caused by substance abuse.</p
Johtajuus ja demokratia: Kansanäänestykset transitiomaissa 1992-2022
Full text link Artikkeli tarkastelee kansanäänestysten käytäntöjä tapauksissa, joissa demokratian perinne on jo läh tökohtaisesti heikko tai puutteellinen. Tutkimusaineistona ovat niin sanotut Nations in Transit -maat, eli 29 entisen Neuvostoliiton vaikutuspiirissä ollutta valtiota. Artikkeli kysyy, millaisia kansanäänestyksiä on järjestetty viimeisten kolmen vuosikymmen aikana ja soveltaa osaan aineistoa ”kansanäänestyksellisen johtajademokratian” teoriaa (engl. plebiscitary leader democracy, PLD). Kun aiempi tutkimus on tarkastellut kansanäänestyksiä lähinnä läntisistä näkökulmista ja aineistoista, artikkelin kriittinen näkökulma korostaa äänestyksiä sekä keinona hankkia legitimiteettiä autoritaariselle johtajuudelle että puolueiden valtapelinä. Päädyimme neljään erilaiseen luokkaan, joista huomio keskittyy erityisesti johtajan aloitteesta järjestettyyn ja yli kolmeenkymmeneen johtajan valta-asemaa koskevaan äänestykseen. Vaikka kansanäänestyksien roolia korostetaan usein keinona mitata kansalaismielipidettä tai hallituksen toteuttamaa politiikkaa, niiden käyttö epädemokraattisten tarkoitusperien saavuttamisen keinona korostuu erityisesti tarkasteltaessa EU:n itärajoja yhdessä Länsi-Balkanin valtioiden, Kaukasian ja Keski-Aasian kanssa. </p
Importance of growth method and substrate-induced crystalline quality in Al/Gd0.2Ca0.8MnO3/Au memristor devices
Full text linkWe report on the impact of the growth method and substrate-induced crystalline quality on the performance of planar Al/Gd0.2Ca0.8MnO3/Au memristor devices. Structural, magnetic, and resistive properties were thoroughly examined for fundamental characterizations, with a particular emphasis on their correlation with the memristive properties of fabricated devices. Our findings suggest that memristor structures grown on single crystal SrTiO3 substrates using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) consistently exhibit superior crystalline quality compared to those fabricated using chemical solution deposition and on silicon-based substrates. Despite variations in growth method and substrate, all memristor structures display typical resistive switching (RS) behaviour, distinguishing between high-resistance and low-resistance states. However, endurance and retention measurements demonstrate that memristor structures produced via PLD on single crystalline SrTiO3 demonstrate the most favourable RS properties. To elucidate the mechanisms underlying the differences in RS behavior across substrates and deposition methods, we extensively discuss these issues in the context of structural distortion and conduction mechanisms
The characterisation and future sustainability of a rural landscape: using integrated approaches for temporal heritage landscape analysis in Northwest Spain
Full text linkContext Changing global socioeconomics are endangering agrosilvopastoral landscapes and with them the knowledge of maintaining these historical, sustainable forms of territorial management. Approaches that integrate Local Spatial Knowledge (LSK) with scientific methods are valuable means to understand their landscape heritage, identity, and temporal land use and land cover (LULC).Objectives Our aim is to utilise an interdisciplinary approach that combines 'bottom-up' ethnographic/participatory studies with 'top-down' Historic Landscape Characterisation (HLC) to characterise and analyse past and present LULC changes and evaluate the future sustainability of a rural cultural landscape case study.Methods We mapped LULC between the 1900s and the 2010s in a case study in NW Spain. Our approach initially utilised a landscape perception study and participatory mapping of LSK. These ethnographic data were integrated into the HLC temporal maps to characterise and analyse LULC evolution. Using the HLC maps, a statistical analysis of temporal changes of landscape attributes was completed.Results The perception study revealed a decline in biodiversity and agrosilvopastoralism. Participatory mapping generated new spatial data of historical land cover and land use traditions indicative of multifunctional rural landscapes. HLC maps, utilising empirical sources and participatory data, corroborated ethnographic perceptions of a loss of landscape multifunctionality due to depopulation.Conclusions This integrative approach underscores a landscape marked by abandonment, increased vegetative growth, nature conservation measures, and wildfires. This study highlights the value of inter and transdisciplinary approaches to analyse and understand temporal landscape change. The research's newly created spatial data can be used as a potential planning tool for sustainable rural development, adaptation to climate change, and heritage conservation.</p
2023 46th ICT and Electronics Convention (MIPRO), May 22 – May 26, 2023 Opatija, Croatia, Proceedings
No full textTracer study to assess the employability of graduates and quality of a nursing program: A descriptive cross-sectional survey
Full text linkBackground Contribution of nursing is crucial for Universal Health Coverage and achieving Sustainable Development Goal 3. Tracer studies help evaluate accountability and demonstrate the impact of nursing educational institutions in a highly competitive job market. The study aimed at assessing the employability of nursing graduates, and perceived quality of the nursing program they pursued in a public tertiary institution in Ghana. Method The study employed a descriptive cross-sectional survey. One hundred and ten (110) nursing graduates responded to a web-based survey. The data were gathered using a customized questionnaire based on the Tarlac State University Graduates Tracer Questionnaire. Data were collected via google forms, and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results Majority of the participants were females (n = 64, 58.2 %). Most of the participants had completed a Bachelor’s degree at the tertiary institution (n = 101, 91.8 %). A significant proportion of the participants were gainfully employed during the study period (n = 102, 92.7 %) with majority of them working in the public sector (n = 81, 79.4 %). The quality of the diploma or degree program obtained was rated good in most of the areas by over 50 % of the participants. There was no statistically significant association between the highest educational qualification of participants and their perceptions on the quality of the nursing program. Conclusion There is the need to conduct this kind of tracer study on a regular basis to keep track of graduate’s progress and obtain feedback on the quality of programs being offered so as to meet the ever-changing needs of society.</p
Arvot ja arviointi
No full textEnvironmental education (EE) is included in the school curricula of The Gambia and Kenya. The background of the study lies on conceptions of the landscape and environmental education from the perspective of sustainable development. The aim of this qualitative study was to find out what kind of landscapes and animals 9–14-year-old pupils from The Gambia (n = 126) and Kenya (n = 150) find worthy of conservation. The participants drew a picture of a landscape they wanted to conserve. Inductive and abductive content analyses were used to analyse the drawings. The pupils drew three types of landscapes. Over half of the pupils described built, one third social and only every tenth pupil nature landscapes. The pupils valued mostly domestic or wild animals (especially Kenyan pupils), only a few pets were drawn. The drawings show that the pupils’ conceptions of landscapes were mostly related to their social environment, but nature was also worth to conserve.</p
Impacts of chemical precipitation of phosphorus with polyaluminum chloride in two eutrophic lakes in southwest Finland
Full text linkIn an attempt to improve water quality in 2 eutrophic shallow Finnish lakes, Kirkkojärvi and Littoistenjärvi, phosphorus precipitation with polyaluminum chloride was performed in June 2002 and May 2017, respectively. Here we compare the effects of the chemical treatment between the lakes to enhance our understanding of the mechanisms involved and to improve the predictability of similar management actions in the future. All plankton was killed in the treatment, but phytoplankton recovered in 4 weeks and crustacean zooplankton in 2 months. Because removal fishing had not been successful, the chemical dosage in Kirkkojärvi was intentionally set so high that the treatment killed all fish. In Littoistenjärvi, pH was adjusted so that most fish survived. In Kirkkojärvi, the summer phosphorus (TP) and chlorophyll (Chl-a) concentrations 3 years after treatment dropped by 85\% and 88\% compared to those recorded 3 years before treatment. Cyanobacterial biomass declined by 88\%, with only occasional blooms appearing in 3 of 22 years. The average TP and Chl-a of the post-treatment period 2006–2020 indicated substantial improvement in the ecological state from “bad” to “moderate” rating of the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD). In Littoistenjärvi, the corresponding declines due to the Al treatment were 72\% in TP and 87\% in Chl-a concentration, and 92\% in cyanobacterial biomass. Longevity of treatment effects was estimated using the upper boundaries of the WFD quality classes as the target values. Water quality changes followed the internal loading of TP, affected by temperature and pH
Feeling bad and Precious (2009): black suffering, white guilt, and intercorporeal subjectivity
Full text linkThe article draws on 24 essays where university students in Sweden reflect on their affective reactions to the American film Precious: Based on the Novel Push by Sapphire (2009). The essays pay particular attention to how scenes of Black suffering and the body of the character Precious called forth feelings immediately as well as more enduringly, and how participants’ cultural situatedness directed the reactions and reflections. The article asks how seemingly unintentional, affective reactions intertwine with reflexive practices in film viewing and analysis, when both are understood as intercorporeal processes of subject formation. Especially intense moments of ‘feeling bad’ spurred the writers to dissect and question the need for ‘sameness’ or ‘difference’ between themselves and the bodies on-screen as incentives for engagement. Drawing on Black feminist thought and theorizations of affect, the article examines how ‘feeling bad’ can mobilize ethical subjectivities in encounters with racialized suffering and injustices.</p
