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Reactive Tendencies of Bibliometric Indicators: Trends in the Alphabetization of Authorship in Economics and Information Science
No full textInternational audienceThe paper adds a category to the list of possible negative steering effects of bibliometric indicators with a category for changes in credit assignment. The results of a longitudinal study of credit assignment practices in the fields of economics and information science are presented. The practice of alphabetization of authorship is demonstrated to vary significantly between the two fields. A slight increase is demonstrated to have taken place in economics during the last 30 years (1978-2007). A substantial decrease is demonstrated to have taken place in information science during the same period. A possible explanation for the demonstrated difference could be that information scientists have been much more aware of the bibliometric consequences of being first author compared to their colleagues in comparable fields (e.g., economics). This and other possible reactive tendencies of bibliometric indicators are presented and discussed
Orientering mot språkliga identiteter i samtal om text under arbete i flerspråkiga studentgrupper
No full textInternational audienceIn contrast to most research paradigms in second language acquisition which view interaction as a source of data for the study of language learning, this article employs an ethnomethodological perspective in the analysis of naturally-occurring second language talk. The article seeks to explore how local identities (here defined as being either a first- or a second-language speaker) are mobilized by the participants, and how shifts in their salience can be traced in the sequential organisation of the talk. The data consist of onversations between first-language (FL) and second-language (SL) speakers and between SL-speakers with varying linguistic backgrounds in collaborative writing groups in a multilingual setting at a Swedish university. The analysis focuses on repair sequences (self-initiated other-repairs) in which a linguistic unit is made explicit. The article discusses the cases in which the SL-speaker displays knowledge about the register in an academic laboratory report and instances when she orients to her restricted linguistic knowledge. It is argued that the linguistic status of the speakers is an interactionally-mobile category. In the few cases when the speaker identities are brought into focus in conversations between FL- and SL-speakers, this appears as a result of the help-seeking activities of the SL-speaker. In conversations between SL-speakers, however, the speakers are by contrast more eager to activate their linguistic identity
Humanistisk forskningskommunikation 2.0
No full textModsat humaniora, så har flere naturvidenskabelige fag, så som partikel- og astrofysik, har gennem flere år opbygget et publikationsmønster, der hænger nøje sammen med udviklingen hen mod fuldstændig ”open-access” til forskningen indenfor disse fag (Dorch 2006): Det vil sige, at det er muligt for alle forskere, og for offentligheden, at finde fuldtekstudgaver på nettet, af stort set alle forskningsartikler inden for disse områder, og det samme gælder naturligvis for undervisere, studerende, journalister og beslutningstagere. Ifølge 2006-ranglisten fra det anerkendte Times Higher Education Supplement (THES), er det Humanistiske Fakultet på Københavns Universitet det 26. bedste humanistiske fakultet på verdensplan, det 9. bedste i Europa og det bedste i Norden. Ikke desto mindre har humaniora problemer med kvantitativt at demonstrere kvaliteten af humanistisk forskning (Faurbæk 2007): Eksempelvis indførte det Humanistisk Fakultet på Københavns Universitet i foråret 2007 en lokal forskningskvalitetsmodel, for at undgå at universitetet tilbageholdt et større millionbeløb i forskningskroner fra humaniora-området. Påstanden i det følgende er, at disse problemer i hovedsagen er en konsekvens af manglende synlighed af humanistisk forskning, bland andet på grund af den lave repræsentation af humaniora i internationale litteraturdatabaser: Selvom der i princippet findes citations- og litteraturdatabaser for humaniora, for eksempel ISI Thomsons “Arts and Humanities Citation Index” i Web of Science, så svarer indholdet af disse databaser kun til en forholdsvis lille brøkdel af den danske humanioraforskning.According to the 2006 list from Times Higher Education Supplement (THES) the Faculty of Humanities at Copenhagen University is number 26 in the world. Nonetheless, the quality of arts and humanities research is difficult to quantify (Faurbæk 2007), and as a consequence various research assesment models have been proposed. The argument in this paper is, that the problem of assessing research within the arts and humanities stem from the lack of visibility of the research output of these subjects
Swedish Food Technology in the 1940s and 1950s
No full textFood technology figured prominently in the reorganization of the Swedish research system during the 1940's. Welfare and warfare concerns were the reasons: food safety and quality had obvious impact on public health issues; food was also a strategic resource, national security was not only a story about having an adequate supply of fighter aeroplanes and nuclear technologies. State-industry collaboration often played an important role in developments in the food sector, as did organizations such as The Swedish Society of Refrigeration
Review of Robert Porter: Ideology. Contemporary Social, Political and Cultural Theory
No full textReviewI assess the application of Gilles Deleuze, Slavoj Zizek and Jurgen Habermas to analysis of film
Intra-disciplinary differences in database coverage and the consequences for bibliometric research
No full textInternational audienceBibliographic databases (including databases based on open access) are routinely used for bibliometric research. The value of a specific database depends to a large extent on the coverage of the discipline(s) under study. A number of studies have determined the coverage of databases in specific disciplines focusing on inter-disciplinary differences. However, little is known about the potential existence of intra-disciplinary differences in database coverage. Focusing on intra-disciplinary differences, the paper documents large database coverage differences within two disciplines (economics and psychology). The point extends to include both the uneven coverage of specialties and research traditions. The implications for bibliometric research are discussed, and precautions which need to be taken are outlined
: Open-access og humaniora
No full textI maj 2007 besluttede Nordbib (under NordForsk) at støtte projektet ”E-printarkiv til nordisk humanioraforskning”, gennem finansieringsprogrammet “Focus area on Content and Accessibility”. Projektet fik tildelt 287.000 danske kroner, svarende til 40 % af dets omkostninger. Projektet, i daglig tale “hprints”, ønsker at bidrage med en policy og en teknisk infrastruktur, der muliggør open-access til forskning indenfor de humanistiske fag. Antagelsen er, at dette vil resultere i et antal fordele med hensyn til elektronisk tilgængelighed og synlighed af det humanistiske forskningsområde. I første omgang er målet at give adgang til nordisk forskning, gennem et open-access online fuldtekstarkiv. Arkivet vil primært indeholde elektroniske forskningsværker (e-prints) i form af netop den type artikel-preprints, arbejdspapirer, konferencerapporter med mere, som ellers ikke er elektronisk tilgængelige. Arkivet vil blive sat op, vedligeholdt og promoveret af Københavns Universitetsbibliotek og et projektkonsortium bestående af Københavns Universitetsbibliotek (det Kongelige Bibliotek), Humanistisk Fakultet (Københavns Universitet), Lunds Universitet, Museum Tusculanum Forlag og Universitetet i Oslo. Deponeringen af elektronisk tekstmateriale til arkivet vil være decentral og finde sted på forsker-niveau, det vil sige at det er forskerne selv der skal være drivkraften bag arkivet, efter inspiration fra naturvidenskabens arXiv.org, som har været en integreret del af flere fysikfags publiceringsmønster siden begyndelsen af 90'erne.No english abstract availabl
To Authenticate Opinion and (Re-)draw the boundaries of the Public Sphere
No full textThe text aims to explore the explanatory potential of the concept of authenticity to identify successful introductions of topics previously considered as controversial in the Danish public sphere from 2005 and onwards. The theoretical point of departure is the rhetorical assumption that the individual is culturally and socially engaged and intends to persuade her audience to adopt or at least percieve as legitimate her ideas and proposals as she articulates them. This rhetorical assumption is complemented by a combined discourse theoretical and critical discourse analytical methodology. The central concepts of hegemony and struggles of meaning are adopted from discourse theory to conceptualise articulation of opinions and the temporary fixation of boundaries of the public sphere. However the actual analysis of public deliberation will be carried out following the guidelines and concepts for textual analysis proposed by Norman Fairclough in his textbook ‘Analysing Discourse'
Rekonstruktion der Aussprache des Mittel- und Altchinesischen: Vergleich der Rekonstruktionsmethoden der indogermanischen und der chinesischen Sprachwissenschaft
No full textMagister thesisIn der Magisterarbeit werden die Rekonstruktionsmethoden der indogermanischen Sprachwissenschaft mit denen der chinesischen Sprachwissenschaft verglichen.The magister thesis gives an overview on the basics of linguistic reconstruction as it is practiced in Indo-European and Chinese linguistics
New Perspectives on the Bronze Age Textile Production in the Eastern Mediterranean. The First Results with Ebla as a Pilot Study
No full textInternational audienceProceedings of the 6th Initernational Conference on the Aarchaeology of the Ancient Near East : Volume 1. Near Eastern Archaeology in the Past, Present and Future. Heritage and Identity. Ethnoarchaeological and Interdisciplinary Approach, Results and Perspectives. Visual Expression and Craft Production in the Definition of Social Relations and Status