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The effects of open access on un-published documents: A case study of economics working papers
No full textInternational audienceThe use of scholarly publications that have not been formally published in e.g. journals is widespread in some fields. In the past they have been disseminated through various channels of informal communication. However, the Internet has enabled dissemination of these unpublished and often unrefereed publications to a much wider audience. This is particularly interesting seen in relation to the highly disputed open access advantage as the potential advantage for low visibility publications has not been given much attention in the literature. The present study examines the role of working papers in economics during a ten-year period (1996 to 2005). It shows that working papers are increasingly becoming visible in the field specific databases. The impact of working papers is relatively low; however, high impact working paper series have citation rate levels similar to the low impact journals in the field. There is no tendency to an increase in impact during the ten years which is the case for the high impact journals. Consequently, the result of this study does not provide evidence of an open access advantage for working papers in economics
: Eine kurze Übersicht
No full textDer Artikel gibt einen kurzen Überblick über die Geschichte der komparativen Methode in der historischen Sprachwissenschaft.This article provides a short overview over the history of the comparative method in historical linguistics
Der nationale und epochale Grenzgang. Das deutsche Jahrzehnt des dänisch-deutschen Autors Jens Baggesens
No full textInternational audienceBaggesen als Grenzgänger zwischen Sprachen und Epochen Der nationale und epochale Grenzgang des zweisprachigen deutsch-dänischen Autors Jens Baggesen (1764-1826) verläuft über drei Jahrzehnte in einer Umbruchszeit zwischen Tradition und Modernität, Aufklärung und Romantik, Kosmopolitismus und nationalistischem Denken. Seine deutschsprachigen Werke sind als Folge der nationalideologischen Geschichtsschreibung des 19. Jahrhunderts aus der dänischen Literaturgeschichte ausgegrenzt worden, und die getrennte Herausgabe seines Oeuvres in einer dänischen und einer deutschen Werkausgabe1 hat besonders die dänische Rezeption des Autors und die Erforschung seines dichterischen Projekts begrenzt und damit eine eigentliche Wirkungsgeschichte verhindert. Zu dem produktivsten „deutschen Jahrzehnt“ Baggesens, dem ersten des 19. Jahrhunderts, gehören drei Werke: Das Debütepos Parthenaïs oder die Alpenreise (1802), das Eposfragment Oceania (1808) und das Drama Der vollendete Faust oder Romanien in Jauer (1808/1836), die sich in vielfältige literarische, ästhetische und philosophische Kontexte einschreiben2 An dieser Stelle werde ich durch kürzere Textlektüren eine interpretatorische Linie von Utopie zur Apokalypse in diesen Werken aufzuzeigen versuchen und die Produktivität dieses Jahrzehnts, wo Baggesen wechselweise in Frankreich, der Schweiz, Deutschland und Dänemark als empfindsamer und kritischer Zeitzeuge lebt und in einer ästhetisch-künstlerischen Transformationszeit agiert, beschreiben
: The case of Swedish levande 'alive' and död 'dead'
No full textInternational audienceIn the present paper, opposites are examined and discussed, and a way of describing them from a cognitive perspective is suggested. Related research disagrees upon whether opposites are symmetrical, and whether concepts should be integrated in the relation of opposites. The Swedish opposites levande 'alive' and död 'dead' have been studied thoroughly in order to provide empirical data. Arguments are presented in favour of an analysis in which opposites show semantic symmetry to some extent. When it comes to distribution and domains, however, opposites do not show symmetry. Further, it is argued that concepts should be included in the relation of opposites. The asymmetries found are related to markedness, information value, Aktionsart and the prototype of the word connected to referent of the subject/NP that one of the opposites describes
Going towards the unknown: Expressions for dying in European languages
No full textThe chapter investigates expressions for dying in five European languages with an onomasiological approach. The data was collected from questionnaires, dictionaries, web resources and literature, both fiction and non-fiction. The results indicate that expressions for dying show great similarities across the languages. Expressions involve verbs with high agentivity. A location (where one will be after death) is often specified. Expressions often make use of trivial tasks, such as “put down the receiver”. Further, death is associated with lack of breath and sleep. Here, the study supports earlier research. Finally, a seemingly paradoxical way of relating death to both cold and heat is explained by discussing specific conceptualizations, separating the body from the location of the body
Best Practise – om fire forskningsbibliotekers anvendelse af sociale teknologier
No full textFire bibliotekers anvendelse af sociale teknologier i deres markedsføring og serviceformidling er undersøgt ved gennemgang af deres hjemmesider samt for et biblioteks vedkommende en spørgeskemaundersøgelse. De fire biblioteker er New York University Libraries, British Library, Yale University Libraries og Library at Helsinkis University of Technology. Der er et stort sammenfald i de teknologier og services, der anvendes de fire steder, og består af Facebook, Flickr, Blogs, Wikipedia og RSS-feeds. Disse services er forholdsvis billige og simple, med undtagelse af blogs, der på trods af simpel teknologi koster i form af tiden det kræver at skrive indlæg. En blogs succes afhænger af upload-frekvensen af indlæg. Teknologier som chat (i rapporten benævnt Instant messaging eller IM) og SMS er services, der kræver, at der udarbejdes procedurer for deres anvendelse i vagtordningerne, og at der udvikles tekniske løsninger. Det er umiddelbart to succesfulde services, som modtager de fleste henvendelser, og som er etableret som svar på efterspørgsel fra brugerne på New York University Libraries. En række andre teknologier opstræder kun et eller to steder, og kan ses som eksperimenter, som det er umuligt at vurdere succes'en af udefra. Det er vurderingen at forsøg med SMS service samt IM, bør etableres på et eller flere af Det Kongelige Biblioteks fakultetsbiblioteker, at der udvikles politiker og procedurer for deres anvendelse, og at forsøgene evalueres med faste intervaller. Succeskriterier bør fastsættes efter en undersøgelse af forventet antal henvendelser, og der bør sættes tilstrækkeligt lang tid af til forsøgene, da det erfaringsmæssigt tager nogen tid for brugerne at opdage og vænne sig til at bruge denne slags services. Endelig anbefales det at markedsføre disse nye services på en samlet og koordineret måde centralt på KBs og de aktuelle fakultetsbibliotekers hjemmesider. Succes'en afhænger af, at brugerne ved de er der. SMS servicen kunne omfatte mulighed for: At få beskeder om snarligt udløb af lån (allerede en mulighed i nuværende system), at stille spørgsmål til biblioteket, søge i katalogen og reservere fremsøgt materiale, søge information på kb.dk, m.m. IM bør være tilgængelig for brugerne til at stille spørgsmål til biblioteket. Infovagter og/eller særligt udpegede fagreferenter bør også kunne kontaktes via denne kanal i bestemte tidsrum
: Habitatul semiurban şi urban în comitatul Arad în secolul al XVIII-lea
No full textNational audienceThis study submits to our attention some qualitative and quantitative aspects related to urban and semi urban habitat from the former Arad County in the eighteenth century. If in 1715 there were 6 market towns, at the end of the century were already 15. Based on the conscriptions, urbariums and census, I have tried to detect the evolution of market towns during the entire eighteenth century. Reform policy of the Habsburg absolutism has determined even an economic and demographic increase in the market towns of Arad County. Between those 15 market towns of the county existing in 1787 only Arad had obvious urban characteristics. Here was concentrated 6.15% of the county population. By comparison with other counties from Transylvania and Hungary, I have pursued to dignify and quantify different aspects of the urbanization degree in the Arad County registered in the eighteenth century. The development of market towns in Arad County has had the same evolution with those of Central and Eastern Europe, because the agrarian character of these localities was predominant. The evolution towards urbanization was evident along the eighteenth century both in terms of population growth and a great social mobility and also in light of the economic and municipal development. The transformations in the direction of modernization registered during the eighteenth century were the basement of the future process of urbanization of Arad County in the century that has followed
On the ratio of citable versus non-citable items in economics journals
No full textInternational audienceThis paper presents a study of possible changes in patterns of document types in economics journals since the mid-1980s. Furthermore, the study includes an analysis of a possible relation between the profile of a journal concerning composition of document types and factors such as place of publication and JIF. The results provide little evidence that the journal editors have succeeded in manipulating the distribution of document types. Furthermore, there is little support for the hypothesis that journal editors decrease the number of publications included in the calculation of JIF or for that matter for the hypothesis that journal editors increase the number of publications not included in the calculation of JIF. The results of the analyses show that there is a clear distinction of journals based on place of publication and JIF
Review: I Hjertet af Danmark
No full textReviews section of the political science journal Tidsskriftet Politik.The review considers a recent contribution with in the field of sociology of religion, systematic theology, sociology and history of mentality. The contribution draws on a qualitative methodology and explores patterns of religious belonging, community affiliation and social cohesion in Danish society
The integration of open access journals in the scholarly communication system: three science fields
No full textThe greatest number of open access journals (OAJs) is found in the sciences and their influence is growing. However, there are only a few studies on the acceptance and thereby integration of these OAJs in the scholarly communication system. Even fewer studies provide insight into the differences across disciplines. This study is an analysis of the citing behaviour in journals within three science fields: biology, mathematics, and pharmacy and pharmacology. It is a statistical analysis of OAJs as well as non-OAJs including both the citing and cited side of the journal to journal citations. The multivariate linear regression reveals many similarities in citing behaviour across fields and media. But it also points to great differences in the integration of OAJs. The integration of OAJs in the scholarly communication system varies considerably across fields. The implications for bibliometric research are discussed