Croatian Digital Thesis Repository
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Feasibility of integrating Ship-to-Grid technology for electric ferries on the island of Brač
No full textBuduća elektroenergetska mreža u Republici Hrvatskoj će se snabdijevati sa sve većim udjelom električne energije proizvedenom iz obnovljivih izvora. Međutim, bit će suočena s izazovom stabilnosti, upravo zbog varijabilne prirode obnovljivih izvora energije. Potencijalno rješenje za prevladavanje izazova stabilnosti mreže predstavljaju različiti spremnici energije. Baterije su jedan od najrasprostranjenijih, i s najvećim trenom razvoja, oblika pohrane energije u svijetu, a električni brodovi sa engl. Ship-to-Grid tehnologijom predstavljaju jedan takav spremnik. Ovaj diplomski rad napisan je na temu integracije Ship-to-Grid tehnologije za električne trajekte na otoku Braču. Prvi dio rada postepeno uvodi u temu: daje širi kontekst o klimatskim promjenama i ekološkom utjecaju, otoku Braču, pomorskom prometu i objašnjava koncept Ship-to-Grid tehnologije. Središnji dio iznosi početne uvijete, matematičke modele, tehno-ekonomsku analizu te daje studiju slučaja i komparativnu analizu s konvencionalnim trajektima s motorom s unutarnje izgaranje. Na posljetku su izneseni regulatorni okviri koje je potrebno ispoštovati za uspješnu integraciju Ship-to-Grid tehnologije.The future electric power grid will be supplied with electricity from renewable sources. However, the grid will face stability challenge due to the variable nature of renewable sources. Various energy storage solutions are proposed to address this stability challenge. The most widespread form of energy storage worldwide is battery storage. Electric ships with Ship-to-Grid technology represent this one storage solution. This master thesis focuses on the integration of Ship-to-Grid technology for electric ferries on the island of Brač. The first part of the thesis gradually introduces the topic by providing a broader context on climate change and environmental impact, the island of Brač, maritime transport, and explaining the concept of Ship-to-Grid technology. The central part presents initial conditions, mathematical models, techno-economic analysis, and provides a case study and comparative analysis. Finally, regulatory frameworks necessary for the successful integration of Ship-to-Grid technology are outlined
Preparation of peptidomimetics with Ugi multicomponent reaction
No full textU ovom radu opisana je priprava šest peptidomimetika Ugijevom reakcijom koji do sada nisu opisani u literaturi. Za sintezu odabranih spojeva varirana je karboksilna komponenta te su korištene benzojeva kiselina, 3-brombenzojeva kiselina, 3-klorbenzojeva kiselina, 3-nitrobenzojeva kiselina, octena kiselina i 3-indoloctena kiselina. Kao ostale potrebne komponente za Ugijevu reakciju odabrani su paraformaldehid, benzilamin i 4-(2-izocijanoetil)morfolin. Istraženi su uvjeti za sintezu klasičnim postupkom, mehanokemijskom sintezom i sintezom uz mikrovalno zračenje. Reakcije su praćene tankoslojnom kromatografijom, produkt pročišćen kromatografijom na stupcu silikagela, a struktura spojeva potvrđena infracrvenom spektroskopijom, 1D i 2D spektroskopijom nuklearne magnetske rezonancije te spektrometrijom masa. Pripravljenim spojevima izmjeren je inhibitorni potencijal (korištenjem Ellmanove metode) prema enzimu butirilkolinesterazi (EC 3.1.1.8.) izoliranoj iz konjskog seruma. Dobivene su IC50 vrijednosti u rasponu od 10 do 270 μmol dm–3.This thesis describes preparation of peptidomimetics by Ugi reaction, which has not been described in the literature so far. For the synthesis of a certain α-acylamino-amide, the carboxyl component was varied: benzoic acid, 3-bromobenzoic acid, 3-chlorobenzoic acid, 3-nitrobenzoic acid, acetic acid and 3-indolacetic acid. Other used components were: paraformaldehyde, benzylamine and 4-(2-isocyanoethyl)morpholine. The best reaction conditions were determined for the classical methods of organic synthesis, mechanochemical synthesis and microwave-assisted synthesis. The reactions were monitored by thin-layer chromatography and purified by column chromatography. The structures of compounds were confirmed by infrared spectroscopy, 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The inhibitory activity of all prepared compounds toward the enzyme butyrylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8.) isolated from horse serum was also measured using the Ellman method. IC50 values were found to be in range from 10 to 270 μmol dm–3
Evolution of rhythmic topography of the Lopata beach (Island of Dugi otok)
No full textU ovom radu analiziran je mehanizam nastanka ritmične topografije na žalu Lopata (Dugi otok). Ritmičnu topogafiju čine mnogobrojne pravilno razmaknute grupacije sedimenta sličnih oblika. Za vrijeme terenskog rada u rujnu 2023. godine fotografiran je sediment duž žala unutar kojeg je uočen detritus vrste Posidonia oceanica. S pomoću fotografija sedimenta izračunata je veličina zrna u programu ImageJ i definirana njegova zaobljenost. Prikupljeni su podaci o brzini jugoistočnog vjetra te s pomoću njih izračunata visina i period vala u moru ograničenog privjetrišta i ograničenog trajanja puhanja vjetra. Žalo Lopata fotografirano je dronom u razdoblju od studenog 2020. do travnja 2021. godine. Fotografije su obrađene metodom digitalne fotogrametrije u programu AgiSoft Metashape te su potom od novonastalih digitalnih elevacijskih modela izrađene konturne i razlikovne karte modela u programu Surfer. Ritmična topografija na žalu Lopata postojana je na dvije razine; na nižoj razini su oblici manjih dimenzija i sitnijeg sedimenta, a na višoj razini su oblici većih dimenzija i krupnijeg sedimenta. Jugoistočan vjetar uvjetuje visinu valova koja je bitna za stvaranje oblika ritmične topografije, a mehanizam nastanka može se povezati s refrakcijom valova koji dolaze na žalo Lopata.This thesis analyses the mechanism of rhythmic topography genesis on beach Lopata (island Dugi otok). Rhythmic topography consists of many evenly distributed sediment groups of similar shapes. The sediment on the beach was photographed in September of 2023. Detritus of Posidonia oceanica was recorded among the sediment. Sediment particle roundness was evaluated and size calculated using program ImageJ. Wave height and period were calculated using the speed of southeastern wind. The beach Lopata was also photographed with a drone from November of 2020 to April of 2021. These photos were edited using digital photogrammetry program AgiSoft Metashape and Surfer. Rhythmic topography of beach Lopata is recorded in two levels; lower altitude level consists of smaller and more frequent rhythmic pattern and finer sediment; higher altitude level consists of bigger and wider rhythmic pattern and sediment particles of larger size. Rhythmic topography of beach Lopata appears due to the refraction of waves which are created by the southeastern wind during storms
Synthesis of ferrocene and cellobiose conjugates
No full textU sklopu ovog diplomskog rada priređeni su konjugati ferocena i celobioze, čija je svrha proučavanje potencijalnog prijenosa kiralnosti sa šećernog dijela molekule na ferocensku jezgru putem supramolekulskih interakcija. Inspiracija za sintezu navedenih spojeva proizašla je iz klase ferocenskih peptida koji posjeduju svojstvo helikalne kiralnosti, koje potječe iz stabilizacije konformera putem intramolekuslkih vodikovih veza. Ferocenski peptidi našli su primjenu u dizajnu stereoselektivnih katalizatora i supramolekulskih sustava, ali do sada nisu istraženi njihovi analozi koji sadrže saharidne jedinice umjesto aminokiselinskih. Sinteza je započeta od celobioza-oktaacetata kojem je dodana alkilna poveznica metodom izravne glikozilacije uz brometanol. Bromid je zatim supstituiran azidom koji je reduciran do amino skupine. U standardnim uvjetima priprave amidne veze, amino skupina kondenzirana je s karboksilnom skupinom ferocenske(bis)karboksilne kiseline, dajući zaštićene konačne spojeve kao produkte, kojima su u posljednjem sintetskom koraku uklonjene acetatne zaštitne skupine. Konačni produkti i međuprodukti sinteze okarakterizirani su spektroskopskim tehnikama (NMR, IR).As part of this thesis, conjugates of ferrocene and cellobiose were prepared, aimed at studying the potential transfer of chirality from the sugar part of the molecule to the ferrocene core through supramolecular interactions. The inspiration for the synthesis of these compounds came from the class of ferrocene peptides, which possess the property of helical chirality, originating from the stabilization of conformers through intramolecular hydrogen bonds. Ferrocene peptides have found applications in the design of stereoselective catalysts and supramolecular systems, but their analogs containing saccharide units instead of amino acids have not yet been explored. The synthesis began with cellobiose octaacetate to which an alkyl linker was added by the method of direct glycosylation with bromoethanol. The bromide was then substituted with azide, which was reduced to an amino group. Under standard conditions for the preparation of amide bonds, the amino group was condensed with the carboxyl group of ferrocene(bis)carboxylic acid, yielding protected final compounds as products, from which acetate protective groups were removed in the final synthetic step. The final products and intermediates of the synthesis were characterized by spectroscopic techniques (NMR, IR)
Volatile compounds profile of scottish liqueuer Drambuie : diploma thesis
No full textDrambuie je tradicionalni liker od škotskog viskija, s dodatkom meda od vrijeska te začinskog i aromatičnog bilja. Receptura ovog likera odnosno udio pojedinih sastojaka je karakteristična za samog proizvođača. Specifičan okus i aroma ovog likera očituje se kroz posebnost korištenih sirovina, te niz biokemijskiih reakcija koje se odvijaju tijekom tehnološkog procesa proizvodnje posebice tijekom odležavanja i zrenja. Za izolaciju hlapljivih spojeva likera korištene su dvije metode: mikroekstrakcija vršnih para na krutoj fazi (HS-SPME) uz upotrebu tri vrste vlakana (plavo, roza i sivo) te ekstrakcija tekuće-tekuće pri čemu je korištena smjesa različitih organskih otapala (smjesa pentan:dietil-eter (1:2, v/v) i diklormetan). Analiza hlapljivih spojeva je izvršena vezanim sustavom plinska kromatografija-masena spektrometrija (GC-MS). Najzastupljeniji izolirani spojevi pripadaju višim alkoholima, esterima i terpenima.Drambuie is a traditional Scotch whisky liqueur, with the addition of heather honey and spices and aromatic herbs. The recipe of this liqueur, or the proportion of individual ingredients, is characteristic of the manufacturer. The specific taste and aroma of this liqueur is manifested through the uniqueness of the raw materials used, and a series of biochemical reactions that take place during the technological production process, especially during aging and ripening. Two methods were used to isolate the volatile compounds of the liqueur: headspace solid-phase microextraction method (HS-SPME) using three types of fibers (blue, pink and gray) and liquid-liquid extraction using a mixture of different organic solvents (a mixture of pentane:diethyl ether (1:2, v/v) and dichloromethane). The analysis of volatile compounds was performed using a coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) system. The most abundant isolated compounds belong to higher alcohols, esters and terpenes
Optimization of fragmentation conditions for alpelisib and deuterated abemaciclib in a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer
No full textRak dojke je najčešća zloćudna novotvorina u žena, a njegova prevalencija širom svijeta raste.
Personalizirani pristup je bitan dio liječenja, stoga je važno razviti specifične analitičke metode za
istraživanje lijekova. Alpelisib i abemaciklib su se pokazali učinkovitim lijekovima u liječenju hormonski
ovisnog raka dojke. Oba djeluju na signalne puteve koji su važni za stanični rast i proliferaciju te
posljedično, rast tumora. Cilj ovog istraživanja je bio optimizirati uvjete fragmentacije alpelisiba i
deuteriranog abemacikliba u trostrukim kvadrupolima dva različita spektrometra masa, Agilent Ultivo i
Agilent 6470. Određene su optimalne vrijednosti fragmentorskih napona i kolizijskih energija, te je
provedena identifikacija i kvantifikacija ključnih fragmenata specifičnih za ove spojeve. U Agilent Ultivo
spektrometru masa uz pozitivnu ionizaciju elektroraspršenjem, alpelisib daje molekulski ion m/z vrijednosti
442,1 uz fragmetorski napon od 120 V. Nastaju fragmentni ioni m/z vrijednosti 328,0, 114,7, 288,0 i 273,1
uz kolizijske energije od 25, 15 45 i 60 eV. Deuterirani abemaciklib daje molekulski ion m/z vrijednosti
515,2 uz fragmentorski napon od 120 V. Nastaju fragmentni ioni m/z vrijednosti 176,8, 393,0 i 351,3 uz
kolizijske energije od 105, 25 i 70 eV. U Agilent 6470 spektrometru masa uz pozitivnu ionizaciju
elektroraspršenjem, alpelisib daje molekulski ion m/z vrijednosti 442,2, uz fragmentorski napon od 140 V.
Nastaju fragmentni ioni m/z vrijednosti 328,1 115,0, 288,1, 273,0 i 129,0 uz kolizijske energije od 25, 15,
50, 60 i 105 eV. Deuterirani abemaciklib daje molekulski ion m/z vrijednosti 515,3 uz fragmentorski napon
od 120 eV. Nastaju fragmentni ioni od 177,0, 393,1 i 244,9 uz kolizijske energije od 105, 25 i 75 eV.
Provedena je analiza i uz negativnu ionizaciju elektroraspršenjem, gdje se ova metoda pokazala manje
osjetljivom.Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women, and its prevalence is increasing worldwide.
A personalized approach is a crucial part of treatment, making it important to develop specific analytical
methods for drug research. Alpelisib and abemaciclib have proven to be effective drugs in the treatment of
hormone-dependent breast cancer. Both act on signaling pathways important for cell growth and
proliferation, and consequently, tumor growth.The aim of this study was to optimize the fragmentation
conditions for alpelisib and deuterated abemaciclib in triple quadrupoles of two different mass
spectrometers, the Agilent Ultivo and Agilent 6470. Optimal values for fragmentor voltages and collision
energies were determined, and identification and quantification of key fragments specific to these
compounds were conducted.In the Agilent Ultivo mass spectrometer with positive electrospray ionization,
alpelisib produces a molecular ion with an m/z value of 442,1 at a fragmentor voltage of 120 V. Fragment
ions with m/z values of 328,0, 114,7, 288,0, and 273,1 are formed with collision energies of 25, 15, 45, and
60 eV, respectively. Deuterated abemaciclib produces a molecular ion with an m/z value of 515.2 at a
fragmentor voltage of 120 V. Fragment ions with m/z values of 176,8, 393,0, and 351,3 are formed with
collision energies of 105, 25, and 70 eV, respectively.In the Agilent 6470 mass spectrometer with positive
electrospray ionization, alpelisib produces a molecular ion with an m/z value of 442,2 at a fragmentor
voltage of 140 V. Fragment ions with m/z values of 328,1, 115,0, 288,1, 273,0 and 129,0 are formed with
collision energies of 25, 15, 50, and 105 eV, respectively. Deuterated abemaciclib produces a molecular ion
with an m/z value of 515,3 at a fragmentor voltage of 120 V. Fragment ions with m/z values of 177,0,
393,1, and 244,9 are formed with collision energies of 105, 25, and 75 eV, respectively. Analysis was also
conducted using negative electrospray ionization, where this method proved to be less sensitive
Internationalisation of Higher Education Institutions
No full textInternacionalizacija visokih učilišta je postala ključni preduvjet za pozicioniranje na globalnim ljestvicama te za stjecanje međunarodnih akreditacija koje potvrđuju kvalitetu visokih učilišta. Većina visokih učilišta danas, u većoj ili manjoj mjeri, teži internacionalizaciji, no načini na koje to provode razlikuju se, ovise o brojnim faktorima. Predmet ovog sveučilišnog specijalističkog rada je istraživanje elemenata, činitelja i procesa vezanih za internacionalizaciju, koji utječu na uspješno globalno pozicioniranje visokih učilišta. Sekundarnim istraživanjem provela se detaljna analiza znanstvene i stručne literature o dosadašnjim spoznajama o internacionalizaciji visokih učilišta, o međunarodnim činiteljima koji utječu na razvoj internacionalizacije i pozicioniranje visokih učilišta te o implementaciji internacionalizacije. Provedenom studijom slučaja četiriju uspješnih poslovnih visokih učilišta u Europi koji imaju Triple Crown akreditaciju utvrđeno je koji su ih elementi internacionalizacije globalno pozicionirali. Temeljem rezultata provedene ankete među zaposlenicima Triple Crown akreditiranih poslovnih visokih učilišta utvrđeno je koje elemente internacionalizacije za globalno pozicioniranje smatraju najvažnijima. Iz provedenog istraživanja nameće se zaključak da je internacionalizacija visokog učilišta neizostavan, izuzetno važan faktor za globalno pozicioniranje i za sustavno osiguranje kvalitete te da u visokim poslovnim učilištima koja već jesu u većoj mjeri internacionalizirana, što dokazuje Triple Crown status, postoji visoka razina svijesti o tome kod zaposlenika.The internationalization of higher education institutions (HEIs) has become a key prerequisite for positioning in global rankings and for acquiring international accreditations that confirm the quality of HEIs. Most HEIs today, to a greater or lesser extent, strive for internationalization, but the ways in which they implement it differ, depending on numerous factors. The subject of this university specialist thesis is the research of elements, factors and processes related to internationalization, which influence the successful global positioning of HEIs. Secondary research conducted a detailed analysis of scientific and professional literature on the current knowledge about the internationalization of HEIs, on international factors that influence the development of internationalization and positioning of HEIs, and on the implementation of internationalization. A case study of four successful business HEIs in Europe that have Triple Crown accreditation determined which elements of internationalization positioned them globally. Based on the results of a survey conducted among employees of Triple Crown accredited business HEIs, it was determined which elements of internationalization for global positioning they consider the most important.The research suggests that the internationalization of HEIs is an indispensable, extremely important factor for global positioning and for systematic quality assurance, and that in business HEIs that are already largely internationalized, as evidenced by Triple Crown status, there is a high level of awareness of this among employees
Frakcionalno diferencirani vremenski nizovi
No full textOvaj rad bavi se modeliranjem vremenskih nizova, s naglaskom na dugoročnu zavisnost u financijskim podacima. Analiziraju se ograničenja klasičnih ARIMA modela i uvodi koncept frakcionalnog diferenciranja kao rješenje za slučajeve sporo opadajuće autokorelacije. Cilj je prikazati kako ARFIMA modeli, koji primjenjuju frakcionalnu diferencijaciju, mogu preciznije modelirati podatke zadržavajući korisnu korelacijsku strukturu. Primijenjena je analiza na vremenskom nizu cijena na zatvaranju S&P 500 indeksa. Uspoređeni su ARIMA i ARFIMA modeli prema uobičajenim evaluacijskim kriterijima (RMSE, MAE, AIC, BIC) i testovima (ADF test, analiza reziduala, Ljung–Box test), uz naglasak na metodu frakcionalnog diferenciranja Marcosa Lópeza de Prada. Rezultati pokazuju da frakcionalni modeli zadržavaju dugoročnu strukturu i postižu usporedivu preciznost, što ih čini vrijednim alatom u kvantitativnoj analizi financijskih podataka.This Master’s thesis addresses the modeling of time series with an emphasis on the phenomenon of long-range dependence in financial data. The limitations of classical ARIMA models are discussed, and the concept of fractional differencing is introduced as a solution in cases where autocorrelation decays slowly — the so-called long-memory phenomenon. The aim of this work is to provide both a theoretical and practical overview of how fractional integration, implemented through ARFIMA models, allows for more accurate modeling of time series while preserving informative correlation structures. The analysis is based on the closing price series of the S&P 500 index. ARIMA and ARFIMA models are compared using standard evaluation metrics (RMSE, MAE, AIC, BIC) and validation tests (ADF test, residual diagnostics, and the Ljung–Box test). Special attention is given to the implementation of fractional differencing methods following the approach of Marcos López de Prado [5]. The results show that models with fractional integration provide forecasts that are comparable to classical models while preserving the structure of long-term autocorrelations. This thesis thus contributes to a deeper understanding of advanced modeling techniques for financial time series and illustrates the potential of fractional analysis in the field of quantitative finance
Comparison of the Concentration of anti-Müllerina Hormone in the Serum of Intact and Cryptorchid Dogs
No full textAnti-Müllerov hormon je multifunkcionalni glikoprotein kojega luče Sertolijeve stanice
sjemenika u mužjaka, odnosno jajnici u ženki. Kriptorhizam je patološki poremećaj u kojemu
izostaje spuštanje jednog ili oba sjemenika u mošnju što uzrokuje izostanak termoregulacije
sjemenika te posljedičnu degeneraciju sjemenika. Cilj istraživanja je bio utvrditi razlike u
koncentraciji AMH između intaktnih i kriptorhidnih pasa te omogućiti detaljniji uvid
vlasnicima naših pacijenta u patologiju kriptorhizma. Istraživanje je obuhvatilo ukupno
dvanaest pasa različitih pasmina u dobi od 1 do 8 godina starosti, od kojih je šest bilo intaktnih
i šest kriptorhidnih pasa. Za analizu su bili korišteni zamrznuti ostani uzorci seruma pasa
podvrgnutih orhidektomiji. Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali da je postoji značajna razlika
između serumske koncentracije AMH kriptorhidnih pasa i intaktnih pasa. Serumska
koncentracija AMH u kriptorhidnih pasa kretala se od 32,2 do 150,0 ng/ml sa srednjom
vrijednosti od 147,9 ng/ml što je i do 6,82 puta viša koncentracija nego u intaktnih pasa. Valja
navesti kao i tumorski promijenjeni sjemenici također uzrokuju višu serumsku koncentraciju
AMH te je nemoguće razlučiti kod tumorskih promijenjenih kriptorhidnih pasa točan uzrok
više koncentracije AMH. Svakako bi trebalo napraviti istraživanje koje bi obuhvatilo veći broj
kriptorhidnih pasa za dobivanje preciznijih rezultata serumske vrijednosti AMH.Anti-Müllerian hormone is a multifunctional glycoprotein secreted by the Sertoli cells
in the testes in males and the ovaries in females. Cryptorchidism is a pathological disorder in
which one or both testicles fail to descend into the scrotum, leading to a lack of testicular
thermoregulation and subsequent testicular degeneration. The aim of the study was to
determine the differences in AMH levels between intact and cryptorchid dogs and to provide
the owners of our patients with a detailed insight into the pathology of cryptorchidism. The
study included a total of twelve dogs of different breeds, aged 1 to 8 years, of which six were
intact and six were cryptorchid. Frozen serum samples from dogs that had undergone
orchiectomy were used for the analysis. The results of the study showed that there was a
significant difference between the serum AMH concentration of cryptorchid dogs and intact
dogs. The serum AMH concentration in cryptorchid dogs ranged from 32.2 to 150.0 ng/ml with
a mean value of 147.9 ng/ml, which is up to 6.82 times higher than in intact dogs. It should be
noted that malignantly altered testes also cause a higher serum AMH concentration, so it is
impossible to determine the exact cause of the higher AMH concentration in malignantly
altered cryptorchid dogs. Further studies including a larger number of cryptorchid dogs should
be conducted to obtain more accurate results for serum AMH levels
Vascular flora of Kraljevec Forest Park (Zagreb)
No full textIstraživana park šuma Kraljevec pripada gospodarski, socijalno, prirodoznanstveno, ekološki vrijednim, a floristički sporadično istraženim park šumama Zagreba. Ciljevi su rada bili determinirati i analizirati vaskularnu floru taksonomski, horološki, prema životnim oblicima, podrijetlu i kronoelementu, provesti analizu ekoloških indeksa, indeksa urbanizacije i antropogenizacije, invazivnosti, ugroženosti i zaštićenosti, usporediti floru s floristički istraženim park šumama te izraditi fotokatalog primjenjiv u nastavi. Flora je popisivana od veljače do listopada 2023. godine. Zabilježena je 261 biljna svojta svrstana u 78 porodica. Najzastupljenije su porodice: Compositae (11,88 %) Rosaceae (8,43 %) i Poaceae (6,51 %). Od životnih oblika najdominantniji su hemikriptofiti (46,33 %), slijede geofiti (19,69 %), terofiti (16,99 %) te fanerofiti (16,60 %). Većina svojti pripada euroazijskom (46,90 %) i europskom flornom elementu (17,44 %) te kultiviranim i adventivnim biljkama (12,02 %). Dominiraju autohtone svojte (76,25 %) i svojte rastuće na prirodnim staništima i staništima pod slabijim antropogenim utjecajem. Najzastupljenije su biljke polusjene, kojima odgovaraju temperature brežuljkastog pojasa te koje rastu na umjereno vlažnim tlima. Prisutno je 13 invazivnih, tri najmanje zabrinjavajuće, dvije osjetljive, jedna gotovo ugrožena, jedna nedovoljno poznata te dvije strogo zaštićene vrste. Park šuma Kraljevec bogata je biljnim vrstama, prometno dobro povezana što ju čini odličnim odredište za izvođenje terenske nastave.The investigated Kraljevec Forest Park belongs to the economically, socially, naturalistically, ecologically valuable, and floristically sporadically explored forest parks in Zagreb. The aim of this study was to determine and analyze vascular flora taxonomically, horologically, according to the life forms, origin and chronoelements, conduct an analysis of ecological indices, levels of urbanity, indicators of anthropogenisation, invasiveness, endangerment and protection, compare the flora with floristically researched forest parks and create photo catalog applicable in class. The flora was surveyed from February to October 2023, recording a total of 261 species categorized into 78 families. The most numerous families are Compositae (11.88 %), Rosaceae (8.43 %) and Poaceae (6.51 %). The most dominant life forms are hemicryptophytes (46.33 %), then geophytes (19.69 %), therophytes (16.99 %) and phanerophytes (16.60 %). Most taxa belong to the Euroasian (17.44 %) and European floral element (17.44 %) and also to cultivated and adventitious plants (12.02 %). Autochthonous species are dominant (76.25 %) also as the species that grow in natural habitats and habitats under low anthropogenic impact. The most represented plants are shade-tolerant, corresponding to temperatures typical of a colline zone and growing in moderately moist conditions. 13 invasive species were recorded, three of least concern, two vulnerable, one near threatened, one data-deficient, and two species with legal protection. Kraljevec Forest Park is rich in plant species and traffically well-connected, which makes it an excellent destination for holding a field trip