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Neutralization of mouse cytomegalovirus variants by antibodies
No full textRazvoj cjepiva protiv humanog citomegalovirusa (HCMV) javnozdravstveni je prioritet obzirom da virus globalno uzrokuje ozbiljne posljedice kao što su povećana smrtnost kod imunosuprimiranih pojedinaca i teške neurološke posljedice kod novorođenčadi, poput gubitka sluha i mentalne retardacije. Velik broj cjepiva za citomegalovirus je testiran u pretkliničkim i kliničkim istraživanjima, no trenutno nema odobrenog cjepiva i terapija je usmjerena na suzbijanje virusa i smanjenje simptoma infekcije. Razlog za to se djelomično nalazi u činjenici da je humoralni odgovor na infekciju citomegalovirusom nedovoljno istražen. Infekcija mišjim citomegalovirusom je najčešći korišteni model za infekciju humanim citomegalovirusom. U ovom radu korištene su ženke, 8 – 12 tjedana starosti, imunizirane s divljim tipom virusa (WT MCMV), te njihovo potomstvo, neonatalni miševi inficirani s različitim sojevima i različitim virusnim dozama. Titar sojeva virusa u organima neonatalnih miševa određen je pomoću testa virusnih čistina, a neutralizacijski kapacitet transplacentarno prenesenih protutijela određen je uz pomoć neutralizacijskog testa. Fenotipska analiza mikroglije provedena je pomoću protočne citometrije. Rezultati ovog diplomskog rada pokazuju učinkovitu neutralizaciju različitih varijanti mišjeg citomegalovirusa protutijelima prenesenim od majke inficirane divljim tipom virusa, što za posljedicu ima inhibiciju replikacije virusa u različitim organima. Daljnja istraživanja su potrebna za bolje razumijevanje uloge protutijela u sprječavanju širenja virusa, za njihovu dugoročnu učinkovitost protiv različitih varijanti te usporedbu rezultata između modela i kliničkih istraživanja.The development of a vaccine against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a public health priority, as the virus globally causes serious consequences such as increased mortality in immunosuppressed individuals and severe neurological sequelae in newborns, such as hearing loss and mental retardation. A large number of vaccines for cytomegalovirus have been tested in preclinical and clinical research. However, currently, there is no approved vaccine, and therapy is aimed at suppressing the virus and reducing infec tion symptoms. The reason for this is partly due to the fact that the humoral response to cytomegalovirus infection has not been sufficiently investigated. Infection with murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) is the most commonly used model for human cytomegalovir us infection. Females, 8 12 weeks old, immunized with the wild type virus (WT MCMV), along with their offspring, were used for this thesis, while neonatal mice were infected with different virus strains and different viral doses. The virus titer was determ ined using the plaque assay, while the neutralization capacity was determined using the neutralization assay in the presence of immune serum or serum from non immunized animals. Phenotypic analysis of the expression of MHC molecules on microglia was conduc ted using a flow cytometer. The results of this thesis show the effective neutralization of different variants of murine cytomegalovirus by antibodies transferred from a mother infected with the wild type virus, which results in the inhibition of viral rep lication in different organs. Further research is required to better understand the role of antibodies in preventing the spread of the virus, their long term effectiveness against different variants, and to correlate results obtained in mouse models and clinical studies
Contribution to the design of a primary sawmill technology based on processing with a slanting log band saw and chipper canter
No full textSuvremeni uvjeti na tržištu zahtijevaju nove tehnologije u primarnoj pilanskoj proizvodnji. Tako se u ovom radu analizira postojeće stanje instalirane primarne pilanske tehnologije u jednoj hrvatskoj tvrtki kroz gledište analize pilanske sirovine, pilanskih proizvoda, iskorištenja, kapaciteta, radne snage te produktivnosti. Na temelju tih analiza i saznanja o postojećim prikladnim rješenjima predloženo je idejno rješenje nove primarne pilanske tehnologije temeljeno na kosoj tračnoj pili trupčari i jednostranom prizmatskom iveraču.Contemporary market conditions require new technologies in primary sawmill production. Thus, this paper analyzes the current state of the installed primary sawmill technology in a Croatian company through the point of view of analysis of sawmill raw material, sawmill products, utilization, capacity, workforce, and productivity. Based on these analyzes and knowledge of the existing suitable solutions, a conceptual solution of the new primary sawmill technology based on slanting log band saw and chipper canter was proposed
"Admiral of his phantasms": the intellectual history of Boris Maruna
No full textU ovom diplomskom radu analizirana je intelektualna ostavština Borisa Marune iz njegovog emigrantskog i domovinskog razdoblja nakon povratka u Republiku Hrvatsku, do njegove smrti 2007. godine. Mada je po vokaciji bio primarno pjesnik, Boris Maruna je svojom širokom intelektualnom, političkom i javnom djelatnošću obilježio drugu polovicu dvadesetog stoljeća hrvatske povijesti. Svojim primjerom zalagao se za individualizam te beskompromisnost i neovisnost intelektualaca. Isticao je iznimno važnu društvenu ulogu i odgovornost intelektualca, u vidu hrabre i neprestane kritike svih društvenih anomalija - pa i po cijenu vlastite nesreće, a koju je on pak zaobilazio poezijom i ironijom. Svojim djelovanjem, nastojao je pomiriti raskorak između pragmatičnosti političke prakse i nesputanih intelektualnih ideala. Njegov emigrantski put obilježila je angažiranost u sklopu hrvatske političke emigracije protiv komunističke Jugoslavije te osobna, imanentna težnja za slobodnom i neovisnom Hrvatskom, koju je neizmjerno volio te koja mu je bila nepresušan izvor intelektualne inspiracije u egzilu. Po osamostaljenju Republike Hrvatske, razočaran surovom stvarnošću hrvatske postkomunističke tranzicije, povukao se u svojevrsnu unutarnju emigraciju, postavši jedan od najžešćih kritičara novih hrvatskih vlasti, na čelu s Franjom Tuđmanom i Hrvatskom demokratskom zajednicom. Odbio je zatvoriti oči pred sveopćom korupcijom, nepotizmom, nacionalizmom i svim drugim negativnim fenomenima hrvatske suvremenosti – ostavši do kraja intelektualno dosljedan samome sebi i svojoj unikatnoj ljubavi prema Hrvatskoj. Iza Borisa Marune ostaju njegova brojna intelektualna priviđenja, koja povjesničar ne smije previdjeti.This master's thesis analyzes the intellectual legacy of Boris Maruna, from his emigrant and homeland period after his return to the Republic of Croatia, until his death in 2007. Although he was primarily a poet by vocation, Boris Maruna marked the second half of the twentieth century of Croatian history with his broad intellectual, political and public activity. With his own example, he stood for individualism, uncompromisingness and independence of intellectuals. He emphasized the extremely important social role and responsibility of the intellectual, in the form of a brave and constant criticism of all social anomalies - even at the cost of his own misfortune, which he bypassed with poetry and irony. With his impact, he tried to reconcile the gap between the pragmatism of political practice and unrestrained intellectual ideals. His emigrant journey was marked by engagement within the Croatian political emigration against communist Yugoslavia and a personal, immanent desire for a free and independent Croatia, which he loved immensely and which was an inexhaustible source of intellectual inspiration in his exile. After the independence of the Republic of Croatia, disappointed by the harsh reality of Croatia's post-communist transition, he withdrew into peculiar kind of internal emigration, becoming one of the fiercest critics of the new Croatian authorities, led by Franjo Tuđman and the Hrvatska demokratska zajednica. He refused to close his eyes to the general corruption, nepotism, nationalism and all other negative phenomena of Croatian modernity - remaining intellectually consistent to himself and his unique love for Croatia. Behind Boris Maruna remain his numerous intellectual phantasms, which historian should not overlook
Analiza proteinskih karakteristika i patogenosti varijanti optineurina u amiotrofičnoj lateralnoj sklerozi i glaukomu primjenom bioinformatike
No full textAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a severe, rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects upper and lower motor neurons. ALS is characterized by high genetic heterogeneity – so far 17 confirmed or “gold standard” genes and 100 potential risk factors - have been linked to this disease. One of the confirmed genes is OPTN, which encodes for optineurin, a multifunctional, ubiquitin binding adaptor protein proposed to act in various biological processes. OPTN mutations have also been found in glaucoma, another neurodegenerative disease, encompassing a group of eye conditions in which the optic nerve is damaged. The aim of this work was to examine optineurin protein features and to compare OPTN variants present in ALS and glaucoma with naturally occurring variants through different in silico programs. We also examined if the mutations were more frequent in the evolutionary conserved regions of optineurin. The OPTN variants and subsequent protein changes were compiled by expert literature curation and taken from UniProt, OMIM, ClinVar and gnomAD databases. In silico species alignment analysis of optineurin domain conservation was done using ClustalOmega. Our results showed that OPTN variants in both ALS and glaucoma predominantly affect coiled-coil regions of optineurin, but this is comparable to their length. However, ALS variants were enriched in the zinc finger (ZF) domain. They were curiously not enriched in one of the main functional domains of optineurin, the ubiquitin-binding region of ABIN and NEMO (UBAN), but clustered around it. Pathogenicity of OPTN mutations patient mutations was predicted using Polyphen-2, SIFT and PROVEAN programs. Although prediction of pathogenicity differed between the programs for variants present in both ALS and glaucoma, they were consistent in assigning K59N, R83C, Q314L, M447R, E478G, K557T, D564H, L568S, H571Q as damaging protein changes present in ALS, and in assigning E50K as damaging in glaucoma. Eight different species representing major vertebrate genera were taken for in silico species alignment analysis of the optineurin conservation. This analysis showed that 89% of predicted pathogenic variants reported in ALS patients mapped to the conserved regions of OPTN, suggesting that they are more likely to be pathogenic. The highest degree of the conservation, both total and partial, was observed in the UBAN and ZF regions of optineurin. The optineurin E50K glaucoma-linked variant mapped to conserved regions as well. Although variant E322K is located on the conserved position of the optineurin protein, it is predicted to be benign according to Polyphen-2, SIFT and PROVEAN analysis. This in silico research of OPTN variants represents the basis for the further in vivo and in vitro investigations and could possibly help conceive future experimental directions relevant for uncovering optineurin function in neurodegenerative diseases.Amiotrofična lateralna skleroza (ALS) je teška, brzo progresivna neurodegenerativna bolest koja zahvaća gornje i donje motoričke neurone. ALS karakterizira visoka genetska heterogenost s do sada 17 potvrđenih ili ''gena zlatnog standarda'' te >100 potencijalnih faktora rizika povezanih s ovom bolešću. OPTN gen kodira za optineurin, višenamjenski, adaptorski protein koji veže ubikvitin te za koji se pretpostavlja da djeluje u raznim biološkim procesima. Mutacije OPTN gena također su pronađene u još jednoj skupini neurodegenerativnih bolesti – glaukomu – u kojima dolazi do oštećenja i gubitka neurona vidnog živca. Cilj ovog rada bio je usporediti značajke varijanti proteina optineurina i OPTN gena prisutnih u ALS-u i glaukomu s prirodnim varijantama putem različitih in silico programa. Također smo ispitali jesu li mutacije pronađene u pacijentima bile češće u evolucijski očuvanim regijama optineurina. OPTN varijante navedene su stručnim pregledom literature i preuzete iz baza podataka UniProt, OMIM, ClinVar i gnomAD. In silico analiza sličnosti vrsta i očuvanje domene optineurina među vrstama analizirana je pomoću programa ClustalOmega. Naši rezultati pokazuju da OPTN varijante i kod ALS-a i glaukoma pretežno zahvaćaju zavijene zavojnice (Coiled-coil) optineurina, ali to je usporedivo s njihovom duljinom. Međutim, ALS varijante obogaćene su u domeni cinkova prsta (engl. Zinc Finger, ZF). Suprotno očekivanjima, varijante nisu bile obogaćene u ubikvitin-vezujućoj regiji ABIN i NEMO proteina (engl. ubiquitin-binding region of ABIN and NEMO, UBAN), koja predstavlja glavnu funkcionalnu domenu optineurina, ali su bile grupirani oko nje. Patogenost OPTN mutacija je predviđena pomoću programa Polyphen-2, SIFT i PROVEAN. Iako se predviđanje patogenosti djelomično razlikovalo među programima i za varijante u ALS-u i glaukomu, programi su bili dosljedni u označavanju K59N, R83C, Q314L, M447R, E478G, K557T, D564H, L568S, H571Q kao štetne promjene proteina u ALS-u te E50K kao štetne u glaukomu. Osam različitih vrsta koje predstavljaju glavne rodove kralježnjaka uzeto je za in silico analizu sličnosti između vrsta te za ispitivanje očuvanja optineurina i utjecaja konzerviranosti na pojavu mutacija. Analiza sličnosti između vrsta pokazala je da je 89% predviđeno patogenih varijanti optineurina prisutnih u bolesnika s ALS-om mapirano na očuvane regije, što sugerira njihovu patogenost. Najviši stupanj očuvanosti (potpuni i djelomični) uočen je u UBAN i ZF regijama optineurina. Optineurin E50K varijanta, pronađena kod pacijenata s glaukomom, također je smještena u očuvanim regijama. Iako se varijanta E322K nalazi na očuvanom položaju proteina optineurina, prema Polyphen-2, SIFT i PROVEAN analizi je benigna. Zaključno, ovo in silico istraživanje OPTN varijanti predstavlja temelj za daljnja in vivo i in vitro istraživanja i isto bi moglo pomoći u osmišljavanju budućih eksperimenata relevantnih za razumijevanje funkcije optineurina u neurodegenerativnim bolestima
The experimental assessment of underground hydrogen storage : master's thesis
No full textUporaba vodika moguće je rješenje za uravnoteženje fluktuacija u količini energije dobivene obnovljivim izvorima. Najboljim načinom skladištenja vodika smatra se utiskivanje u pogodne podzemne strukture. Rad prikazuje ispitivanja na uzorcima stijena za dvije bušotine u sjevernoj Italiji, s ciljem utvrđivanja mehanizma njihovih reakcija s vodikom, metanom i njihovom smjesom, pod povišenim tlakom. Nad uzorcima je provedena mineraloška analiza te mjerenja mase, propusnosti i ultrazvučna mjerenja brzine p-vala. Mjerenja nisu pokazala značajnu promjenu koja bi ukazivala na kemijske reakcije plina i minerala u stijeni.Hydrogen utilisation provides a potential solution for load balancing of energy production and energy storage. Subsurface storage of hydrogen has been regarded as an optimal solution for such purposes. This thesis presents the methodology of a series of experiments conducted on rock samples in order to assess possible rock-gas interactions in high-pressure conditions, including mineralogical analysis, weight monitoring, permeability and ultrasonic measurements. The thesis results indicate no existence of geochemical reactions
Collagen coating for bioactivation of the titanium implant surface
No full textMetalni materijali, posebice titanij i njegove legure, pripadaju grupi najčešće korištenih materijala za izradu implantata. Iako posjeduju dobra mehanička i biokompatibilna svojstva, ubrajaju se u bioinertne materijale. Ugradnja titanijevog implantata u ljudsko tijelo ne potiče značajne biološke reakcije, tj. stanične procese potrebne za interakciju površine implantata s biološkim tkivima i poticanje rasta tkiva, odnosno oseointegraciju. Stoga je u ovom radu provedena funkcionalizacija površine titanija prevlakom kolagena, koji je ključni strukturni protein s važnom ulogom u strukturi kostiju i regeneraciji tkiva. Funkcionalizacija kolagenskom prevlakom provedena je s ciljem bioaktivacije površine titanijevog implantata, u svrhu poboljšanja njegove biokompatibilnosti, osteokonduktivnosti i oseointegracije. Nemodificirani uzorci titanija, sa spontano formiranim oksidnim slojem titanijevog (IV) oksida, i uzorci modificirani kolagenskom prevlakom, uronjeni su u otopinu Fusayama umjetne sline tijekom 16 tjedana. Bioaktivnost kolagenske prevlake utvrđena je promatranjem spontanog formiranja depozita kalcijevih fosfata na površini uzoraka uslijed urona. Morfologija, mikrostruktura i kemijski sastav supstrata prije i nakon uranjanja u otopinu umjetne sline karakterizirani su pretražnom elektronskom mikroskopijom (SEM), energijski razlučujućom rendgenskom spektrometrijom (EDS) i infracrvenom spektroskopijom s Fourierovom transformacijom uz prigušenu totalnu refleksiju (ATR-FTIR). Elektrokemijsko ponašanje uzoraka ispitano je metodom elektrokemijske impedancijske spektroskopije (EIS) u otopini umjetne sline koja simulira stvarne uvjete primjene implantata.Metal materials, especially titanium and its alloys, belong to a group of the most commonly used materials for producing implants. Even though they possess good mechanical and biocompatible properties, they are referred to as bioinert materials. The implantation of a titanium implant into the human body does not encourage significant biological reactions, such as the cellular processes needed for interaction between the surface of the implant and biological tissue and for stimulating the growth of tissue, known as osseointegration. Therefore, in this work, the functionalization of the titanium surface with a collagen coating was conducted. Collagen is an essential structural protein with a major role in bone construction and tissue regeneration. The functionalization with the collagen coating was carried out with the purpose of bioactivating the titanium implant surface to improve its biocompatibility, osteoconductivity, and osseointegration. Unmodified titanium samples, with a spontaneously formed oxide layer of titanium (IV) oxide, and samples modified with a collagen coating were immersed in Fusayama artificial saliva solution for 16 weeks.
The bioactivity of the collagen coating was established by monitoring the spontaneous formation of calcium phosphate deposits on the sample surface after immersion. Morphology, microstructure, and chemical composition of the substrate before and after immersion into the artificial saliva solution were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and attenuated total reflectance using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). The electrochemical behavior of the samples was examined using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in artificial saliva solution, which simulates real-life conditions of implant application
Improvements of the assembly and packing process of expansion anchor bolt
No full textOvaj rad razmatra mogućnosti unaprjeđenja postojećeg automatskog sustava za montažu i pakiranje sklopa samoproširujućeg vijka, u cilju povećanja proizvodnosti te minimiziranja zastoja i broja defektnih sklopova. Rekonstrukcija sustava obuhvatila je: instalaciju stanice za izbacivanje defektnih sklopova, bolje pozicioniranje sanduka na AGV-u, te optimizaciju vizijskog sustava za kontrolu kvalitete. Ova unaprjeđenja rezultirala su, pored ostalog, skraćenjem vremena izbacivanja defektnih dijelova, uklanjanjem kolizija, boljom identifikacijom neispravnih sklopova i poboljšanom kvalitetom. Daljnji razvoj sustava može uključivati analizu podataka u stvarnom vremenu i automatsko podešavanje parametara putem umjetne inteligencije, čime bi se povećala automatizacija i pouzdanost procesa.This paper examines the possibilities for improving the existing automated system for assembling and packaging self-expanding screw assemblies to enhance productivity while minimizing downtime and the number of defective assemblies. The system reconstruction included the installation of a station for rejecting defective assemblies, improved positioning of containers on the AGV, and optimization of the vision system for quality control. These improvements resulted, among other things, in reduced rejection time for defective parts, elimination of collisions, better identification of faulty assemblies, and improved quality. Further system development may involve real-time data analysis and automatic parameter adjustment through artificial intelligence, increasing automation and process reliability
Development of an adaptable mould for building composite ships
No full textU klasičnoj gradnji brodova od stakloplastike se laminacija kompozitnih elemenata odvija na krutim kalupima napravljenim od drveta ili stakloplastike. U ovom radu se analizira mogućnost zamjene takvog kalupa sa prilagodljivim, koji bi mogao poprimiti više oblika ovisno o trenutnoj potrebi. Takvi kalupi su znatno složenije izvedbe zbog čega je njihova cijena znatno viša, te su zasad vrlo rijetko koriste u brodogradnji. Razvijeno je jedno rješenje znatno jednostavnije izvedbe on onih koja postoje na tržištu. U izvedbi se koriste koračni motori koji savijaju roštilj od drveta i čelika preko kojeg je postavljena gumena ploha koja je podobna za laminaciju. Provedena je tehnološka, ekonomska i strukturna analiza metodom konačnih elemenata, te je zaključeno da se kalup pravilno deformira po svim osima i postiže radijus zakrivljenosti 2m, što omogućava stvaranje velikog broja oblika na njegovoj formi. Također je zaključeno da je najbolja primjena prilagodljivih kalupa drvene i čelične konstrukcije u manjim brodogradilištima koja rade manje serije brodova, dok je za masovnu proizvodnju pogodniji krući kalup sa potpuno čeličnom konstrukcijom i jačim aktuatorima radi njihove izdržljivosti.he usual glass fibre molding process uses rigid moulds made of wood od glass fibre. This thesis analyses the possibility of using an adaptable mould which can be reshaped into many different forms depending on its use. These types of molds are significantly more complex and therefore more costly, which limits their use in the field of naval arhitecture. A solution of a simpler design than those available on the market is explored. It utilises stepper motors for bending of a wood and steel grid upon which a rubber panel suitable for composite materials lay up is placed. Technologic, economic and structural analyses via finite element model are done. The conclusion is that the mold deforms well on all axes and is able to take on the bending diameter of at least 2m, which enables it to create a lagre variety of shapes on it. It is also concluded that the cheaper wood-steel construction adaptable molds are better suited to small shipyards producing ships in small series, while a more rigid steel-steel ones would be better utilized in mass manufacturing of ships
Structural optimization of the pedal box in a car
No full textU ovom radu provedena je usporedba procesa i rezultata topološke optimizacije unutar četiri programska paketa. Predmet optimizacije bili su odabrani dijelovi sklopa papučica u automobilu Bugatti Tourbillon. Zahtjevima za luksuznošću, visokim performansama, ali i visokom razinom sigurnosti ovakva okruženja idealna su za provedbu topološke optimizacije koja nastoji održati istu čvrstoću elemenata uz smanjenje mase i volumena. U slučaju ovakvog automobila svaka ušteda na masi je bitna, dok se ne smiju zanemariti zahtjevi za čvrstoću i sigurnost. Opterećenja promatrana u ovom radu jesu ona kritična, koja nastaju prilikom sudara ili crash test-a.
U radu su detaljno opisani koraci topološke optimizacije te je dana usporedba rezultata ukupno 16 optimizacija.In this master thesis, a comparison of the processes and results of topological optimization within four software packages was conducted. The subject of optimization was selected parts of the pedal assembly in the Bugatti Tourbillon. Due to the demands for luxury, high performance, and a high level of safety, such environments are ideal for implementing topology optimization, which aims to maintain the same structural integrity while reducing mass and volume. In the case of such a car, every weight saving is important, while requirements for strength and safety must not be neglected. The loads considered in this paper are the critical ones that occur during a collision or crash test.
The paper describes the steps of topological optimization in detail and provides a comparison of the results of a total of 16 optimizations
Sustainability reporting for companies
No full textNovi regulatorni okvir Europske unije, predvođen Direktivom CSRD, od poduzeća zahtijeva strateški pristup upravljanju klimatskim utjecajima. Ovaj rad razvija i testira metodu odabira prioriteta koja omogućuje sustavnu primjenu standarda ESRS E1, pretvarajući regulatorne obveze u informirane poslovne odluke. Metoda se temelji na dvostupanjskom pristupu. Prvo, višekriterijska analiza rangira potencijalne mjere za smanjenje emisija kako bi se identificirala ona s najvišim strateškim prioritetom. Zatim se provodi detaljna financijska analiza isplativosti. Primjenom metode na studiju slučaja tvrtke Badel 1862, kao prioritetna mjera identificirana je modernizacija sustava rasvjete. Ova se mjera istaknula zbog optimalnog odnosa između značajnih energetskih ušteda i niskih investicijskih troškova. Detaljna financijska analiza ugradnje dizalica topline pokazala je stvarnu isplativost mjere te važnost provođenja analize pri donošenju odluka o velikim poslovnim potezima. Rad zaključuje da ovakav strukturirani pristup omogućuje poduzećima da učinkovito upravljaju procesom dekarbonizacije. Kroz jasne kriterije i financijsku provjeru, regulatorni zahtjevi postaju temelj za stvaranje konkretnih, mjerljivih i poslovno korisnih projekata.The new regulatory framework of the European Union, led by the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD), requires companies to adopt a strategic approach to
managing climate impacts. This paper develops and tests a prioritization method that
enables the systematic application of the ESRS E1 standard, transforming regulatory
obligations into informed business decisions. The method is based on a two-stage approach. First, a multi-criteria analysis ranks potential greenhouse gas emission reduction
measures to identify the one with the highest strategic priority. Then, a detailed financial viability analysis is conducted. Applying the method to the case study of Badel
1862, the modernization of the lighting system was identified as the priority measure.
This measure stood out due to its optimal balance between significant energy savings
and low investment costs. A detailed financial analysis of the heat pump installation
has demonstrated the project’s financial viability and highlighted the importance of
conducting such evaluations when making decisions on major business initiatives. The
paper concludes that this structured approach enables companies to effectively manage
the decarbonization process. Through clear criteria and financial validation, regulatory
requirements become the foundation for creating concrete, measurable, and commercially beneficial projects