Repository of Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek
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Inflation Trends in the Republic of Croatia
No full textKroz zadnjih par godina dolazi do nekoliko globalnih šokova koji su se dogodili u kratkom periodu. Počevši s pandemijom Korona virusa, invazijom Rusije na Ukrajinu, posljedično tome poskupljenjem energenata i zastojem u opskrbnim lancima, te prevelikom masom novca na tržištu što je sve dovelo do povećanja cijena, kako potrošačkih, tako i proizvođačkih, te pojavom inflacije. U radu se analiziraju inflatorna kretanja u Republici Hrvatskoj od 2019. do srpnja 2023. godine. Na početku rada teorijski se objašnjava pojam inflacije, njena podjela i osnovni način računanja inflacije. Zatim se za svaku godinu analizira indeks proizvođačkih cijena, indeks potrošačkih cijena, te implicitni deflator BDP-a. Uspoređuju se pokazatelji inflacije u Hrvatskoj s onima u Europskoj uniji, Sjedinjenim Američkim Državama, te susjednim zemljama. Makroekonomski pokazatelji u radu ukazuju na stabilne cijene u 2019. godini. 2020. godine dolazi do smanjenja cijena te time i do deflacije zbog pojave Korona virusa. Već sljedeće godine 2021. pojavljuje se inflacija, koja svoje najveće vrijednosti doseže u 2022. godini, kako u Republici Hrvatskoj tako i u svijetu.Over the last few years there have been several global crises. Starting from the Coronavirus pandemic, the Russian invasion on Ukraine and thus the rise of prices of fuels, the collapse of the production chains, massive amounts of money in the market which led to increase off, both production and consumption, prices, and therefore inflation. This paper analyses the pace of inflation in the Republic of Croatia from 2019 to July 2023. The paper defines the notion of inflation, its types, and its basic calculation. It studies both the Consumer and Producer price index and the implicit GDP deflator. Inflations indicators in Croatia are compared with those in the European Union, the United States of America, and neighbouring countries. The macroeconomic indicators that this paper studies - suggest stable prices in 2019. In 2020, there is a reduction in prices leading to deflation due to the emergence of the Coronavirus. Already in the following year, 2021, inflation appears, reaching its highest rates in 2022, both in the Republic of Croatia and worldwid
Photosynthetic efficiency of Japanese knotweed (Reynoutria japonica Houtt.) in stressful conditions
No full textNiske temperature mogu predstavljati stresne uvjete za biljke i negativno utjecati na njihove fiziološke i
biokemijske procese kao što je fotosinteza. Cilj ovog rada bio je proučiti utjecaj niske temperature (5°C) na
fotosintetsku učinkovitost Japanskog dvornika (Reynoutria japonica Houtt.) nakon različite duljine izlaganja (1,
2, 4, 6, 8, 16, 24 i 48 sati). U tu svrhu mjerena je fluorescencija klorofila a. Analizom parametra JIP-testa opisan
je prijenos energije reakcijskim središtima fotosustava II te indeks fotosintetske učinkovitosti (PIABS). Kratkotrajna
izlaganja biljaka niskoj temperaturi (1-16 sati) nisu pokazala negativan utjecaj na prijenos energije po aktivnom
reakcijskom središtu, dok je kod dugotrajnijih izlaganja (24 i 48 sati) niska temperatura dovela do stvaranja
neaktivnih, odnosno „utišanih“ reakcijskih središta. Smanjenje indeksa fotosintetske učinkovitosti (PIABS) već pri
kratkom izlaganju niskoj temperaturi ukazuje na ograničenje prijenosa elektrona dalje od primarnog akceptora u
transportnom lancu elektrona.Low temperatures can present stressful conditions for some plants and it can have a negative effect on their
physiological and biochemical processes such as photosynthesis. The aim of this study was to determine the effect
of low temperature (5°C) on photosynthetic efficiency of Japanese knotweed (Reynoutria japonica Houtt.) after
different length of exposure (1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24 and 48 hours) on its.). To determine the parameters of photosynthetic
efficiency, the chlorophyll a fluorescence was measured. The analysis of JIP test parameters described the energy
transfer through reaction centres of photosystem II and the performance index (PIABS). Short-term exposures of
plants to low temperature (1-16 hours) did not show a negative impact on energy fluxes per active reaction centre,
while longer exposures (24 and 48 hours) to low temperature caused the formation of inactive or "silent" ones.
The decrease of performance index (PIABS) even at short exposure to low temperature indicated a limitation of
electron transport after the primary acceptor in the electron transport chain
Users' perspective of social work roles and personal needs in the Home for the elderly and infirm Požega
No full textDemografska slika Republike Hrvatske prati svjetske trendove i obilježena je rastom udjela starijih osoba. Formalna skrb za starije osobe u vidu Domova za starije i dalje predstavlja najčešći oblik institucionalne skrbi za starije osobe. U radu su opisane teorije i modeli koje govore o putu od svijesti o potrebi kod starijih osoba do korištenja usluge ponajprije radi se o Andersenovu modelu ponašanja u korištenju medicinskih usluga, Teoriji reaktancije te o Modelu prijetnji samopoštovanju. Također radi boljeg razumijevanja potreba opisane su potrebe u kontekstu dugotrajne skrbi te prema indeksu potreba prema kojem je baziran istraživački upitnik. Za razumijevanje uloge socijalnog rada opisuje se korisnička perspektiva najvažnijih kvaliteta socijalnog radnika zaposlenog u Domu za starije te se također govori o socijalnom radu u domovima za starije osobe iz perspektive socijalnih radnika. Nadalje opisan je pojam korisničke perspektive, njegov nastanak te razvoj i inovacije u području korisničke perspektive. Ovaj rad istražuje perspektivu starijih soba koje žive u Domu za starije i nemoćne osobe u Požegi. Glavni cilj jest dobiti uvid u to kako korisnici Doma vide svoje potrebe, ulogu socijalnog radnika u Domu te kako se njihova iskustva i potrebe integriraju u pomoć i skrb unutar Doma. Istraživanje je pokazalo kako se glavne potrebe korisnika mogu svrstati u dvije kategorije individualizirana skrb te osobna dobrobit. Te se ove kategorije potreba protežu i u očekivanja koja imaju od socijalne radnice odnosno očekuju da je socijalni radnik osoba koja će čuvati dobrobit korisnika, rješavati tekuće probleme uz ljubazan i obziran pristup korisniku. Istraživanje ukazuje kako korisnici kroz osvrtanje na integraciju iskustava i potreba u različite oblike pomoći i skrbi razmatraju načine na koji njihove potrebe i iskustva mogu biti osnaženi, a njihov identitet očuvan. Potrebno je uvesti niz manjih promjena u već postojeće usluge i oblike skrbi kako bi bolje odgovarali na individualne potrebe korisnika, primjerice uvođenjem fleksibilnog vremena obroka, pospremanja sobe i sl. korisnici imaju veću slobodu pri organizaciju dnevnih aktivnosti što je važno za osobnu autonomiju osobe.The demographic profile of the Republic of Croatia follows global trends and is marked by a growing share of older individuals. Formal care for the older people, such as homes for the older people, remains the most common form of institutional care for older adults. This paper describes theories and models related to the process of recognizing needs of older people and their use of services, focusing primarily on Andersen’s Behavioral Model of Health Service Use, Reactance Theory, and the Threat to Self-Esteem Model. To better understand the needs of older individuals, the paper discusses the concept of needs in the context of long-term care, as well as the Needs Index, which formed the basis for the research questionnaire. The role of social work is examined through the lens of the user’s perspective, highlighting the key qualities of a social worker employed in homes for the older people. Additionally, the thesis explores social work in homes for the older people from the perspective of social workers themselves. The concept of the user perspective is also described, including its origins, development, and innovations in this field. This research investigates the perspective of residents living in the Home for the Older and Infirm in Požega. The main goal is to gain insight into how the residents perceive their needs, the role of the social worker, and how their experiences and needs are integrated into the care and assistance provided within the Home. The research indicates that the primary needs of residents fall into two categories: individualized care and personal well-being. These categories also extend to their expectations of the social worker, whom they view as someone responsible for safeguarding their well-being and resolving day-to-day issues with a kind and considerate approach. The research shows that residents reflect on how their needs and experiences can be empowered and their identities preserved through the integration of their needs into various forms of assistance and care
Impact of the parameters of differential evolution on its efficiency
No full textOvaj rad bavi se istraživanjem diferencijalne evolucije, jednog od evolucijskih
algoritama koji se pokazao vrlo učinkovit za probleme kontinuirane optimizacije. Rad uključuje analizu
učinkovitosti algoritma diferencijalne evolucije pri različitim postavkama parametara. Parametri koje se
postavljaju su veličina populacije, faktor skaliranja i stopa križanja. Detaljno su opisani parametri, te su
navedene česte postavke istih. Opisuje se ostvareno programsko rješenje, te način rada samog rješenja.
Eksperimentalna analiza provedena je na tri unimodalne i tri multimodalne funkcije, te su korištene dvije
dimenzionalnosti u svrhu istraživanja ponašanja algoritma u rješavanju različitih problema. Analizirali su
se rezultati, s posebnim fokusom na prosječne rezultate i standardne devijacije. Zaključno, rad pokazuje
kako promjene u parametrima algoritma mogu utjecati na njegovu učinkovitost, te pruža smjernice o
odabira postavki parametara ovisno o problemu.This thesis investigates differential evolution, one of the evolutionary algorithms that has
proven highly effective for continuous optimization problems. The paper includes an analysis of the
efficiency of the differential evolution algorithm under various parameter settings. The parameters
considered are population size, scaling factor, and crossover rate. The parameters are described in
detail, and common settings are provided. The implemented software solution is described, as well as its
functionality. The experimental analysis was conducted on three unimodal and three multimodal
functions, with two different dimensionalities, in order to explore the algorithm's behavior in solving
various problems. The results were analyzed with a particular focus on average outcomes and standard
deviations. In conclusion, the thesis demonstrates how changes in the algorithm's parameters can affect
its efficiency, and provides guidelines for selecting parameter settings depending on the problem
Application of Artificial Intelligence in Wind Power Systems
No full textWind energy is an important renewable energy source, and artificial intelligence (AI) plays an important role in improving its efficiency, reliability and cost-effectiveness while minimizing its environmental impact. Based on an analysis of the latest scientific literature, this article examines AI applications for the entire life cycle of wind turbines, including planning, operation and decommissioning. A key focus is on AI-driven maintenance, which reduces downtime, improves reliability and extends the lifetime of the turbines. AI also optimizes the design of wind turbines, particularly in the development of aerodynamically efficient blade shapes through rapid design iterations. In addition, AI helps to reduce the impact on the environment, e.g., by reducing bird collisions, and improves wind energy forecasting, which is essential for balancing energy flows in power systems. Despite its benefits, AI applications face challenges, including algorithmic errors, data accuracy, ethical concerns and cybersecurity risks. Further testing and validation of AI algorithms is needed to ensure their effectiveness in advancing wind energy systems
Distribution of lymphocytes and their association with the secretion of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in pregnant women with gestational diabetes
No full textCilj: Gestacijski dijabetes (GD) definiran je kao hiperglikemija koja se prepoznaje prvi puta
tijekom trudnoće, a njegova je incidencija u porastu. Cilj istraživanja bio je ispitati razlike u
omjerima imunoloških stanica (NKT/NK-stanica, B1/B2-limfocita, pomagačkih/citotoksičnih Tlimfocita) između trudnica s GD-om i zdravih trudnica te odrediti razinu proupalnih i
protuupalnih biljega (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, adiponektin) i njihove genske varijante povezane s
imunološkim odgovorom te usporediti rezultate s rutinskim biokemijskim i hematološkim
parametrima.
Nacrt studije: Istraživanje je ustrojeno kao presječno istraživanje te je u njemu sudjelovalo 162
trudnice u trećem trimestru trudnoće. Ispitanice su podijeljene u 4 skupine: trudnice s GD-om
bez komplikacija, trudnice s GD-om i dodatnim komplikacijama, kontrolna skupina trudnica
(koje nisu razvile GD) bez komplikacija i kontrolna skupina trudnica (trudnice koje nisu razvile
GD) s komplikacijama.
Ispitanici i metode: Venska je krv uzorkovana trudnicama u trećem trimestru trudnoće te su
učinjene analize koje su obuhvatile određivanje kompletne krvne slike i diferencijalne krvne
slike, glukozu, lipide, C-reaktivni protein, imunoglobuline, hormone (inzulin, C-peptid), vitamine
(B12, folna kiselina), NT-proBNP, željezo, feritin, HbA1c, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, TNF-α,
adiponektin, imunofenotipizaciju limfocita protočnom citometrijom i genotipizacija varijanti
gena rs266729 (AdipoQ), rs1800629 (TNF-α), rs1800896 (IL-10) i rs1800796 (IL-6) metodom
lančane reakcije polimeraze u stvarnom vremenu.
Rezultati: Nema statistički značajne razlike u omjerima NKT/NK-stanica, B1/B2-limfocita i
pomagačkih/citotoksičnih limfocita između trudnica s GD-om i zdravih trudnica, međutim kod
trudnica s GD-om omjer je B1/B2-limfocita bio niži kod visokih vrijednosti IL-6 te u značajnoj
negativnoj vezi s adiponektinom. Različiti omjeri imunoloških stanica bili su povezani s drugim
biokemijskim parametrima, poput lipida i hormona. Određene genske varijante (SNP)
povezane su s povećanim rizikom od razvoja GD-a. Genotip CG u rs1800769 u genu za IL-6 i
genotip CC u rs266729 u genu AdipoQ pokazali su se čimbenicima rizika za razvoj GD-a. Nisu
pronađene značajne povezanosti između ispitivanih genotipova i izmjerenih koncentracija
adiponektina, IL-6, IL-10 i TNF-α.
Zaključak: Genotip CG u rs1800769 u genu za IL-6 i genotip CC u rs266729 u genu AdipoQ
povezani su s rizikom za razvoj GD-a, a omjer B1/B2-limfocita u značajnoj je vezi s
vrijednostima adiponektina kod trudnica s GD-om.Objective: Gestational diabetes (GD) is defined as hyperglycemia that is recognized for the
first time during pregnancy, and its incidence is increasing. The aim of the research was to
examine the differences in the ratios of immune cells (NKT/NK-cells, B1/B2-lymphocytes,
helper/cytotoxic T-lymphocytes) between pregnant women with GD and healthy pregnant
women, and to determine the level of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory markers (IL-6 ,
TNF-α, IL-10, adiponectin) and their genetic variants associated with the immune response,
and also compare the results with routine biochemical and hematological parameters.
Study draft: The research was organized as a cross-sectional study, and 162 pregnant women
in the third trimester participated in the research. The test subjects were divided into 4 groups:
pregnant women with GD without complications, pregnant women with GD and additional
complications, a control group of pregnant women (who did not develop GD) without
complications and a control group of pregnant women (pregnant women who did not develop
GD) with complications.
Subjects and methods: Venous blood was sampled from pregnant women in the third trimester
of pregnancy and analyzes were performed that included determination of complete blood
count and differential blood count, glucose, lipids, C-reactive protein, immunoglobulins,
hormones (insulin, C-peptide), vitamins (B12, folic acid), NT-proBNP, iron, ferritin, HbA1c,
interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, TNF-α, adiponectin, immunophenotyping of lymphocytes by flow
cytometry and genotyping of polymorphisms rs266729 (AdipoQ), rs1800629 (TNF-α),
rs1800896 (IL-10) and rs1800796 (IL-6) by the polymerase chain reaction method.
Results: There is no statistically significant difference in the ratios of NKT/NK-cells, B1/B2-
lymphocytes and helper/cytotoxic lymphocytes between pregnant women with GD and healthy
pregnant women, however, in pregnant women with GD, the ratio of B1/B2-lymphocytes was
lower with high values of IL-6 and in a significantly negative relationship with adiponectin.
Different ratios of immune cells were associated with other biochemical parameters, such as
lipids and hormones. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with an
increased risk of developing GD. The CG genotype in rs1800769 in the IL-6 gene and the CC
genotype in rs266729 in the AdipoQ gene were shown to be risk factors for the development
of GD. No significant associations were found between the genotypes for adiponectin, IL-6, IL10 and TNF-α and the measured concentrations of these cytokines.
Conclusion: The CG genotype in rs1800769 in the IL-6 gene and the CC genotype in rs266729
in the AdipoQ gene are associated with the risk of developing GD, and the ratio of B1/B2-
lymphocytes is significantly related to adiponectin values in pregnant women with GD
Web shop with payment via general payment slip
No full textRazvijena je web aplikacija za e-trgovinu koristeći React kao frontend tehnologiju,
Firebase kao backend uslugu i email.js za slanje obavijesti putem e-pošte. Glavna funkcionalnost
aplikacije je omogućavanje korisnicima da kreiraju narudžbe i generiraju uplatnice. Kako bi se
automatizirala komunikacija s korisnicima, implementirana je integracija s EmailJS uslugom za slanje epošte.
Prilikom generiranja uplatnice, korisnik automatski prima e-poštu s detaljima o narudžbi i
uplatnicom. Administrator ima mogućnost da šalje automatske e-pošte za praćenje narudžbe.abstract: An e-commerce web application was developed using React as the frontend technology,
Firebase as the backend service, and Email.js for sending email notifications. The primary functionality of
the application allows users to create orders and generate payment slips. To automate communication
with users, an integration with the EmailJS service was implemented for sending emails. Upon
generating a payment slip, the user automatically receives an email with order details and the payment
slip. The administrator has the ability to send automated order tracking emails
Active Power Filter - application
No full textOvim diplomskim radom definirana je kvaliteta električne energije i njeni mjerljivi
pokazatelji. Pobliže je opisan problem strujnih i naponskih harmonika koji u suvremeno doba postaje sve
veći. Opisan je pojam nelinearnog trošila koji uzrokuje nastanak harmonika. Također, opisana je
matematička analiza i navedeni su izvori harmonika i posljedice koje njihovo prisustvo u mreži uzrokuje.
Nadalje, napravljen je pregled aktualnih normi bitnih za definiranje sigurnih razina harmonika u mreži.
Date su metode za ublažavanje utjecaja harmonika od kojih je najvažnija ugradnja aktivnog filtera.
Aktivni filteri podijeljeni su prema nekoliko kriterija, te su opisane njihove razlike i način rada. Na
posljetku je provedeno ispitivanje rada aktivnog filtera u zgradi fakulteta uz pomoć generatora
harmonika kojim je simulirano više trošila s različitim karakterističnim spektrima. Izmjerene vrijednosti
analizirane su i donesen je zaključak o primjeni aktivnog filtera za filtriranje harmonijskih struja i napona.This master’s thesis defines the quality of electrical energy and its measurable indicators. The
issue of current and voltage harmonics, which is becoming increasingly significant in modern times, is
described in detail. The concept of a nonlinear load, which causes the occurrence of harmonics, is
explained. Additionally, a mathematical analysis is presented, along with sources of harmonics and the
consequences of their presence in the network. Furthermore, an overview of current standards relevant
to defining safe harmonic levels in the network is provided. Methods for mitigating the impact of
harmonics are given, with the installation of an active filter being the most important. Active filters are
categorized based on several criteria, and their differences and modes of operation are described.
Finally, an examination of the active filter's performance in a university building was conducted using a
harmonic generator, simulating multiple loads with different characteristic spectra. The measured
values were analyzed, and conclusions were drawn regarding the application of the active filter for
filtering harmonic currents and voltages
Analiza Sonate br. 32 op. 111 Ludwiga van Beethovena
No full textTema ovoga rada jest analiza Sonate op. 111 br. 32 Ludwiga van Beethovena, što je ujedno i njegova posljednja sonata, a koju mnogi smatraju i vrhuncem njegovog stvaralaštva za klavir, te posljednjim klasičnim primjerom sonatne forme dovedene do savršenstva. U ovome ću radu stilski i interpretativno predstaviti te analizirati gore navedenu Sonatu. Prije nego što krenem pisati o samoj sonatu, osvrnut ću se na životopis Ludwiga van Beethovena, stil kojim je pisao, u kakvim se prilikama nalazio u trenutku kad je pisao svoju posljednju sonatu, te kratkoj analizi sonatne forme kao takve
Web application for managing human resources and internal business processes
No full textOvaj diplomski rad prikazuje razvoj web aplikacije za upravljanje ljudskim resursima i
internim poslovnim procesima. Cilj aplikacije je digitalizacija i optimizacija ključnih aktivnosti poput
upravljanja zaposlenicima, procesima zapošljavanja, upravljanja plaćama i administracijom godišnjih
odmora. Aplikacija omogućuje prilagođeno korisničko iskustvo za administratore, voditelje, zaposlenike i
kandidate, pružajući funkcionalnosti poput upravljanja korisničkim profilima, praćenja plaća te prijave na
slobodna radna mjesta. Razvoj aplikacije temelji se na suvremenim tehnologijama, osiguravajući
skalabilnost, sigurnost i visoku razinu performansi. Implementirani su visoki sigurnosni standardi,
uključujući autentifikaciju i autorizaciju temeljenu na ulogama, dok je responzivni dizajn omogućio
prilagodljivost aplikacije na različite uređaje. Aplikacija predstavlja značajan korak prema modernizaciji
upravljanja ljudskim resursima, omogućujući organizacijama povećanje učinkovitosti i smanjenje
mogućnosti za pogreške, dok istovremeno pruža intuitivno korisničko sučelje.This thesis presents the development of a web application for human resources management
and internal business processes. The goal of the application is to digitize and optimize key activities such
as employee management, recruitment processes, payroll management and vacation administration.
The application provides a customized user experience for administrators, managers, employees and
candidates, providing functionalities such as user profile management, payroll tracking and job
application. The application development is based on modern technologies, ensuring scalability, security
and a high level of performance. High security standards have been implemented, including role-based
authentication and authorization, while responsive design has enabled the application to be adaptable
to different devices. The application represents a significant step towards the modernization of human
resources management, enabling organizations to increase efficiency and reduce the possibility of
errors, while at the same time providing an intuitive user interface