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Job preferences of undergraduate nursing students in eastern China: a discrete choice experiment
Full text linkThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were madeBackground
Shortage and mal-distribution of nursing human resources is an intractable problem in China. There is an urgent need to explore the job preferences of undergraduate nursing students. The main aim of this study is to investigate the stated preferences of nursing students when choosing a job.
Methods
A discrete choice experiment (DCE) was conducted to assess job preferences of the final year undergraduate nursing students from four medical universities/colleges in Shandong Province, China. Job attributes include location, monthly income, bianzhi (which refers to the established posts and can be loosely regarded as state administrative staffing), career development and training opportunity, work environment and working strength. Mixed logit models were used to analyze the DCE data.
Results
A total of 445 undergraduate nursing students were included in the main DCE analysis. They demonstrated higher preference for a job with higher monthly income, and the probability of choosing a rural job would increase to 92.8% if monthly income increased from RMB 2000 (US 1183). They expressed higher stated preferences for a job which required light working strength and with excellent work environment over other non-economic attributes. Among all attributes, location was the least important attribute. Subgroup analysis showed that students who came from city or county and whose family income was more than RMB 50 000 (US$ 7396) were significantly willing to pay more monthly income for a job in city.
Conclusions
This study confirmed that economic and non-economic factors both affected the job choices of the students. These results may be more effective for policymakers to perfect the employment policies and design strategies to attract more nursing students taking jobs in rural areas
Prevalence of FOXC1 Variants in Individuals With a Suspected Diagnosis of Primary Congenital Glaucoma
Full text link© 2019 American Medical Association. Reproduced in accordance with the publisher's Public Access policy.
This author accepted manuscript is made available following 12 month embargo from date of publication (January 2019) in accordance with the publisher’s archiving policyImportance Both primary and secondary forms of childhood glaucoma have many distinct causative mechanisms, and in many cases a cause is not immediately clear. The broad phenotypic spectrum of secondary glaucoma, particularly in individuals with variants in FOXC1 or PITX2 genes associated with Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome, makes it more difficult to diagnose patients with milder phenotypes. These cases are occasionally classified and managed as primary congenital glaucoma.
Objective To investigate the prevalence of FOXC1 variants in participants with a suspected diagnosis of primary congenital glaucoma.
Design, Setting, and Participants Australian and Italian cohorts were recruited from January 1, 2007, through March 1, 2016. Australian individuals were recruited through the Australian and New Zealand Registry of Advanced Glaucoma and Italian individuals through the Genetic and Ophthalmology Unit of l’Azienda Socio–Sanitaria Territoriale Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda in Milan, Italy. We performed exome sequencing, in combination with Sanger sequencing and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification, to detect variants of FOXC1 in individuals with a suspected diagnosis of primary congenital glaucoma established by their treating specialist. Data analysis was completed from June 2015 to November 2017.
Main Outcome and Measures Identification of single-nucleotide and copy number variants in FOXC1, along with phenotypic characterization of the individuals who carried them.
Results A total of 131 individuals with a suspected diagnosis of primary congenital glaucoma were included. The mean (SD) age at recruitment in the Australian cohort was 24.3 (18.1) years; 37 of 84 Australian participants (44.0%) were female, and 71 of 84 (84.5%) were of European ancestry. The mean (SD) age at recruitment was 22.5 (18.4) years in the Italian cohort; 21 of 47 Italian participants (44.7%) were female, and 45 of 47 (95.7%) were of European ancestry. We observed rare, predicted deleterious FOXC1 variants in 8 of 131 participants (6.1%), or 8 of 166 participants (4.8%) when including those explained by variants in CYP1B1. On reexamination or reinvestigation, all of these individuals had at least 1 detectable ocular and/or systemic feature associated with Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome.
Conclusions and Relevance These data highlight the genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity of childhood glaucoma and support the use of gene panels incorporating FOXC1 as a diagnostic aid, especially because clinical features of Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome can be subtle. Further replication of these results will be needed to support the future use of such panels
Micromanaging aerobic respiration and glycolysis in cancer cells
Full text link© 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier GmbH. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)Background
Cancer cells possess a common metabolic phenotype, rewiring their metabolic pathways from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis and anabolic circuits, to support the energetic and biosynthetic requirements of continuous proliferation and migration. While, over the past decade, molecular and cellular studies have clearly highlighted the association of oncogenes and tumor suppressors with cancer-associated glycolysis, more recent attention has focused on the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in mediating this metabolic shift. Accumulating studies have connected aberrant expression of miRNAs with direct and indirect regulation of aerobic glycolysis and associated pathways.
Scope of review
This review discusses the underlying mechanisms of metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells and provides arguments that the earlier paradigm of cancer glycolysis needs to be updated to a broader concept, which involves interconnecting biological pathways that include miRNA-mediated regulation of metabolism. For these reasons and in light of recent knowledge, we illustrate the relationships between metabolic pathways in cancer cells. We further summarize our current understanding of the interplay between miRNAs and these metabolic pathways. This review aims to highlight important metabolism-associated molecular components in the hunt for selective preventive and therapeutic treatments.
Major conclusions
Metabolism in cancer cells is influenced by driver mutations but is also regulated by posttranscriptional gene silencing. Understanding the nuanced regulation of gene expression in these cells and distinguishing rapid cellular responses from chronic adaptive mechanisms provides a basis for rational drug design and novel therapeutic strategies
Rehabilitation environments: Service users’ perspective
Full text link© 2019 The Authors Health Expectations published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Design of rehabilitation environments is usually “expert” driven with little consideration given to the perceptions of service users, especially patients and informal carers. There is a need to engage with consumers of services to gain their insights into what design aspects are required to facilitate optimum physical activity, social interaction and psychological responses when they are attempting to overcome their limitations and regain function
Patterns of medication prescription by dementia diagnosis in Australian nursing home residents: a cross‐sectional study
Full text link© 2019 The Society of Hospital Pharmacists of Australia
This author accepted manuscript is made available following 12 month embargo from date of publication (March 2019) in accordance with the publisher’s archiving policyCurrent information on the patterns of medication use in nursing home residents living with dementia is conflicting. The aim of this study was to investigate medication use and its associations with dementia diagnosis in Australian nursing home residents
Analysis of 51 breast cancer susceptibility genes in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation-negative individuals from a South Australian cohort
No full textCopyright © Chloe Thompson-Peach. This dataset is made available under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) licenseThese files contain individually sequenced and pooled sequencing data for the analysis of 51 hereditary and putative breast cancer susceptibility genes in BRCA1/2 mutation-negative individuals. All individuals included in this study had familial (or suspected inherited) breast and/or ovarian cancer and had been referred for genetic screening. Screening did not identify any pathogenic mutations within BRCA1/2. All sequencing was carried out using the Ion Torrent Personal Genome Machine or Ion Torrent using a custom AmpliSeq gene panel. The BED files for the designed gene panel have been provided. The individually sequenced data folder contains deidentified raw sequencing data for 42 individuals. The pooled data folders contains sequencing data from 4 pools, each containing 25 individuals. Sequencing data was either provided as .fastq or .BAM, so files of each sequencing format have been provided for the initial analysis.
Data can be analysed using any genomics analysis programs or algorithms (CLC Genomics Workbench and Ion Reporter were used successfully in this study). An additional 89 individually sequenced files and 4 pooled samples are available by emailing [email protected].
Data consists of 3 zip files (6.5Gb compressed (zipped) to 3.34Gb), plus a text ReadMe file:
-BED_files - 3x .bed files (26Kb)
-Individual_Data - 4 Folders (1.7Gb)
--Run 1 (3 samples) .fastq files
--Run 2 (10 samples) .fastq files
--Run 3 (29 samples) .fastq files
--Run 6 (1 sample) .bam file
-Pooled_data (1.8Gb)
--Pool 1 (fastq).fastq
--Pool 6 (fastq).fastq
--Pool 11 (fastq).fastq
--Pool7 (BAM).bam
-ReadMe.txt (2Kb)
Additional 89 individually sequenced files and 4 pooled samples is approximately 44Gb (uncompressed).
Genes included in the custom AmpliSeq panel were : ATF1, ATM, BARD1, BRCA1, BRCA2, BRCC3, BRIP1, CDH1,CDKN1A, CDKN2A, CHEK1, CHEK2, CKS1B, E2F1, E2F2, E2F3, E2F4, E2F5, E2F6, EP300, FAM175A, GADD45A, HLTF, HMMR, KAT2B, MRE11A, NBN, NQO2, PALB2, PKMYT1, PRKDC, RAD50, RAD51, RAD51C, RAD51D, RBL1, RBL2, RFC2, RFC3, RFC4, RFC5, RPA1, RPRM, RPS6KA1, SFN, SLC19A1, SMARCD2, TP53, UIMC1, WEE1, XRCC
Expression of microRNA in human retinal pigment epithelial cells following infection with Zaire ebolavirus
Full text link© The Author(s) 2019. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,
provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license,
and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/
publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.Objective: Survivors of Ebola virus disease (EVD) are at risk of developing blinding intraocular inflammation—or uveitis—which is associated with retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) scarring and persistence of live Zaire ebolavirus (EBOV) within the eye. As part of a large research project aimed at defining the human RPE cell response to being infected with EBOV, this work focused on the microRNAs (miRNAs) associated with the infection.
Results: Using RNA-sequencing, we detected 13 highly induced and 2 highly repressed human miRNAs in human ARPE-19 RPE cells infected with EBOV, including hsa-miR-1307-5p, hsa-miR-29b-3p and hsa-miR-33a-5p (up-regulated), and hsa-miR-3074-3p and hsa-miR-27b-5p (down-regulated). EBOV-miR-1-5p was also found in infected RPE cells. Through computational identification of putative miRNA targets, we predicted a broad range of regulatory activities, including effects on innate and adaptive immune responses, cellular metabolism, cell cycle progression, apoptosis and autophagy. The most highly-connected molecule in the miR-target network was leucine-rich repeat kinase 2, which is involved in neuroinflammation and lysosomal processing. Our findings should stimulate new studies on the impact of miRNA changes in EBOV-infected RPE cells to further understanding of intraocular viral persistence and the pathogenesis of uveitis in EVD survivors
Bacterial cellulose production, properties and applications with different culture methods – A review
Full text link© 2019 Elsevier Ltd. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properlyBacterial cellulose (BC) is an organic compound produced by certain types of bacteria. In natural habitats, the majority of bacteria synthesize extracellular polysaccharides, such as cellulose, which form protective envelopes around the cells. Many methods are currently being investigated to enhance cellulose growth. The various celluloses produced by different bacteria possess different morphologies, structures, properties, and applications. However, the literature lacks a comprehensive review of the different methods of BC production, which are critical to BC properties and their final applications. The aims of this review are to provide an overview of the production of BC from different culture methods, to analyze the characteristics of particular BC productions, to indicate existing problems associated with different methods, and to choose suitable culture approaches for BC applications in different fields. The main goals for future studies have also been discussed here
Pumpkin is “yucky”!: A prospective study of overt and covert restriction in the development of young children's food preferences
Full text link© 2018 Elsevier Ltd. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
This author accepted manuscript is made available following 24 month embargo from date of publication (January 2019) in accordance with the publisher’s archiving policyThe aim of the study was to investigate maternal feeding strategies as prospective predictors of young children's food preferences. Participants were 106 mother – child dyads with data collected when children were aged 4 (Time 1) and then again at 6 years old (Time 2). Mothers completed an initial questionnaire at Time 1 which contained measures of restrictive and covert feeding strategies. Children were interviewed concerning their food preferences and had their height and weight measured at Time 1 and again two years later (Time 2). Longitudinal regression results showed that Time 1 parental restrictive feeding predicted decreased child-reported preferences for fruit and vegetables and increased preferences for salty food and sweets at Time 2. Conversely, Time 1 parental covert control predicted greater child-reported preferences for fruit and vegetables over time. The results provide longitudinal evidence of the negative impact of restrictive feeding, and of the positive impact of covert control, on the development of young children's food preferences
A review of triage accuracy and future direction
Full text linkThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.Background
In the emergency department, it is important to identify and prioritize who requires an urgent intervention in a short time. Triage helps recognize the urgency among patients. An accurate triage decision helps patients receive the emergency service in the most appropriate time. Various triage systems have been developed and verified to assist healthcare providers to make accurate triage decisions. The triage accuracy can represent the quality of emergency service, but there is a lack of review studies addressing this topic.
Methods
A literature search was conducted in four electronic databases where ‘emergency nursing’ and ‘triage accuracy’ were used as keywords. Studies published from 2008 January to 2018 August were included as potential subjects. Nine studies were included in this review after the inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied.
Results
Written case scenarios and retrospective review were commonly used to examine the triage accuracy. The triage accuracy from studies was in moderate level. The single-center studies which held better results than those from multi-center studies revealed the need of triage training and consistent training between emergency departments.
Conclusions
Regular refresher triage training, collaboration between emergency departments and continuous monitoring were necessary to strengthen the use of triage systems and improve nurse’s triage performance