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The role of Indigenous Health Workers in ear health screening programs: a scoping review protocol
Full text linkMade available under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC-BY-NC) Licence. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/Introduction
Rates of ear disease and consequent hearing loss are greater for First Nations children than for their non-Indigenous counterparts in Australia, Canada, the United States, and New Zealand. While the First Nations health workforce is recognised as being vital to the provision of culturally appropriate health care to First Nations peoples and communities, there is a lack of information about Indigenous Health Workers’ role in ear health screening programs. A preliminary search of MEDLINE, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and JBI Evidence Synthesis was conducted and no current or underway systematic reviews or scoping reviews on the topic were identified.
Review question
What are IHWs’ perspectives about their roles, involvement, and training in the provision of ear health screening programs for First Nations peoples and communities in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the United States
Relationships of eHealth Literacy to Socio-Demographic Characteristics and Engagement in Online Learning: A Quantitative Study
Full text link© Flinders University.
This work is copyrighted. It may be reproduced in whole or in part for research or training purposes, subject to the inclusion of an acknowledgement of the source. It may not be reproduced for commercial use or sale. Reproduction for purposes other than those indicated above requires written permission from the Research Centre for Palliative Care, Death & Dying.Over the next two decades, population growth, chronic disease progression and an ageing population will see a growing number of people confront the difficulties that often accompany coming to the end of one’s life. Online palliative care resources can provide valuable information to individuals, families, carers, and others. In order to be effective, however, such resources need to be readily found, understood, and applied by consumers.
eHealth literacy – the ability to find, understand, and apply online health resources – is becoming increasingly important in palliative care. While the body of literature pertaining to the way health information is provided to the community is growing, little is currently known about predictors of eHealth literacy in the context of death and dying, or how eHealth literacy is related to engagement with online health resources.
This White Paper reports on a study undertaken to examine relationships between eHealth literacy and sociodemographic and personal characteristics within a sample enrolled in an online course about death and dying. The Study on which this White Paper reports used a convenience sample of students who were participating in a MOOC (massive open online course) about death and dying
Model-Based Assessment of Coastal Aquifer Management Options. A GMDSI worked example report
Full text link© Flinders University 2021This GMDSI report describes a model that was built to explore options for management of a coastal aquifer in southern Portugal. The aquifer is representative of many around the world; if extraction continues at its present rate, it is only a matter of time before it suffers a serious degradation in quality. Extraction must therefore be reduced. Alternatively, or as well, recharge must be enhanced.
Enough data has been gathered over the last 20 years to support estimation of aquifer properties and inflows. These estimates are enabled by history-matching; however they are cloaked in uncertainty
Effects of River Partial Penetration on the Occurrence of Riparian Freshwater Lenses: Experimental Investigation
No full textDataset made available according to CC BY 4.0 Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Laboratory experiments and numerical modelling of the freshwater lens extent are used to provide physical verification (in light of limited examples of well-characterised field cases) of the analytical methodology, thereby evaluating the underlying assumptions. Parameter calibration and uncertainty analysis are applied to assess both the experimental conditions and the benefit of lens observations in applying the analytical approach. The experimental freshwater lens was reproduced by both analytical and numerical models
Probabilistic Contributing Area Analysis: A GMDSI worked example report
Full text linkCopyright Flinders UniversityPREFACE
The Groundwater Modelling Decision Support Initiative (GMDSI) is an industry-funded and industry-aligned project focused on improving the role that groundwater modelling plays in supporting environmental management and decision-making. Over the life of the project, it will document a number of examples of decision-support groundwater modelling. These documented worked examples will attempt to demonstrate that by following the scientific method, and by employing modern, computer-based approaches to data assimilation, the uncertainties associated with groundwater model predictions can be both quantified and reduced. With realistic confidence intervals associated with predictions of management interest, the risks associated with different courses of management action can be properly assessed before critical decisions are made.
GMDSI worked example reports, one of which you are now reading, are deliberately different from other modelling reports. They do not describe all of the nuances of a particular study site. They do not provide every construction and deployment detail of a particular model. In fact, they are not written for modelling specialists at all. Instead, a GMDSI worked example report is written with a broader audience in mind. Its intention is to convey concepts, rather than to record details of model construction. In doing so, it attempts to raise its readers’ awareness of modelling and data-assimilation possibilities that may prove useful in their own groundwater management contexts.
The decision-support challenges that are addressed by various GMDSI worked examples include the following:
• assessing the reliability of a public water supply;
• protection of a groundwater resource from contamination;
• estimation of mine dewatering requirements;
• assessing the environmental impacts of mining; and
• management of aquifers threatened by salt water intrusion.
In all cases the approach is the same. Management-salient model predictions are identified. Ways in which model-based data assimilation can be employed to quantify and reduce the uncertainties associated with these predictions are reported. Model design choices are explained in a way that modellers and non-modellers can understand.
The authors of GMDSI worked example reports make no claim that the modelling work which they document cannot be improved. As all modellers know, time and resources available for modelling are always limited. The quality of data on which a model relies is always suspect. Modelling choices are always subjective, and are often made differently with the benefit of hindsight.
What we do claim, however, is that the modelling work which we report has attempted to implement the scientific method to address challenges that are typical of those encountered on a day-to-day basis in groundwater management worldwide.
As stated above, a worked example report purposefully omits many implementation details of the modelling and data assimilation processes that it describes. Its purpose is to demonstrate what can be done, rather than to explain how it is done. Those who are interested in technical details are referred to GMDSI modelling tutorials. A suite of these tutorials has been developed specifically to assist modellers in implementing workflows such as those that are described herein.
We thank and acknowledge our collaborators, and GMDSI project funders, for making these reports possible
Digital Education in the College of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences: Discipline Discussions
Full text linkCC BY-NC-ND Flinders UniversityThe research reported here was undertaken by the Digital Education Working Group (DEWG) to achieve the following four objectives, in line with the CHASS Digital Education Action Plan:
1. To better understand the perspectives on, experiences with and plans for digital education across the College to inform further strategy or changes in the College’s approach to digital education.
2. To scope the professional learning and resourcing needs in a systematic and robust way to ensure adequate support is being provided.
3. To gather insights on current discipline-based models of learning and teaching to inform recommendations on the scholarship of teaching, particularly online teaching models.
4. To synthesise current good practice examples.
The DEWG research team worked with eight discipline groups across CHASS in 2021: Archaeology, English, Geography, History, Indigenous Studies, Languages, Philosophy, and Screen and Media. This report serves as a high-level synthetic overview of the results of in-depth focus group interviews conducted with staff and makes recommendations about ways forward for digital education, with relevant stakeholders identified at College and University levels. Here, DEWG and the College’s executive leadership team hold responsibility for understanding, driving, improving and supporting the digital education strategies in the College. The report summarises key findings across several key areas
Radionuclide and stable elements in flora from Australian arid environments
No full textDataset made available per the CC BY 4.0 Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Radiological impact assessments are an important tool for energy and resources industries and government safety regulators to assist in the protection of wildlife diversity, especially native species. Evaluations of radiological impacts to flora in the arid regions of Australia are currently based on international models that use predominately Northern Hemisphere data, with very limited Australian-specific data. This creates a degree of uncertainty in communicating the potential impact of relevant Australian assessments. The project aims to build an improved understanding of radionuclide concentration ratios and radionuclide pathways in arid Australian conditions and are expected to inform assessments in similar environmental conditions elsewhere. The dataset contains measurement of stable elements and radionuclides in soils and plants that were obtained from three regions in South Australia: Flinders Ranges, Pernatty and Roxby Downs region. Access to Australian specific data for use in radiological impact models provide a better understanding and more credible environmental impact assessment process based on more relevant local information
Behavioural and heart rate responses to stressors in two populations of Little Penguins that differ in levels of human disturbance and predation risk
No full textDataset made available according to CC BY 4.0 Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Dataset for report. Species that are constantly exposed to disturbances, such as human disturbance or non‐lethal contacts with predators or conspecifics, can experience chronic stress. Within a species range, variation in the frequency and predictability of such disturbances can lead to population differences in stress response. Here, we investigated the stress response of Little Penguins Eudyptula minor to an introduced predator and a conspecific at two South Australian colonies that differed in habitat, conspecifics density, levels of human disturbance and predation risk (high, low). We used playback experiments of Cat Felis catus or Little Penguin calls and recorded the behaviour and physiological (heart rate) response of adults in relation to playback type (Cat, Penguin) as well as habitat characteristics (habitat type, nest type, nest visibility) and number of conspecifics present. Our results showed that individuals from the high disturbance colony (also living in a mixed habitat with fewer neighbours) exhibited higher vigilance and heart rate responses than individuals from the low disturbance colony (living in a closed habitat with a high number of neighbours). Our results highlight that guidelines for managing Penguin species cannot be generalised across populations and need to be colony‐specific
Exploring Model Defects Using Linear Analysis: A GMDSI worked example report
Full text link© 2021 Flinders University. This work is copyright. Apart from any use permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced by any process, nor may any other exclusive rights be exercised, without the permission of Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide 5001, South Australia.The Groundwater Modelling Decision Support Initiative (GMDSI) is an industry-funded and industry-aligned project focused on improving the role that groundwater modelling plays in supporting environmental management and decision-making. Over the life of the project, it will document a number of examples of decision-support groundwater modelling. These documented worked examples will attempt to demonstrate that by following the scientific method, and by employing modern, computer-based approaches to data assimilation, the uncertainties associated with groundwater model predictions can be both quantified and reduced. With realistic confidence intervals associated with predictions of management interest, the risks associated with different courses of management action can be properly assessed before critical decisions are made.
In this GMDSI worked example report, we demonstrate how linear analysis can be used to explore whether a groundwater model can indeed be useful while being wrong, and under what circumstances it can actually be described as being "fit for purpose". However, before doing this, we explore the metrics on which these descriptions must rest
Rapid Data Assimilation Using an Appropriately Complex Model: a GMDSI worked example report
Full text linkThe Groundwater Modelling Decision Support Initiative (GMDSI) is an industry-funded and industry-aligned project focused on improving the role that groundwater modelling plays in supporting environmental management and decision-making. This GMDSI report addresses a number of related issues. They include: appropriate model complexity; appropriate parameterisation complexity; efficient model-based assimilation of information-rich data; and linear analysis. The focus of modelling work that is reported herein is BHP’s Orebody 31 (OB31) situated in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. The environs of this mine have been the focus of a number of generations of modelling, some of which is described in the present report. Mining of OB31 commenced in 2016; however data collection and modelling took place for a number of years prior to that