Repository of Polytechnic Lavoslav Ružička Vukovar
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SALES BUSINESS OF JAMNICA PLUS LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY
No full textProdajno poslovanje obuhvaća plasiranje proizvoda na tržište kako bi proizvodi uz razne prodajne i marketinške aktivnosti našle put prema kranjem korisniku .Istraživanje tržišta, organizacija prodaje te kvalitetni proizvodi uz marketinške napore dovode do povećanja prodaje i ostvarivanje planova trgovačkih društava koja se bave prodajom. Uspješan primjer trgovačkog društva koje se bavi proizvodnjom i prodajom bezalkoholnih napitaka jest Jamnica plus d.o.o., koje uz iznimno veliku konkurenciju i velike promjene na tržištu i dalje ostvaruje rekorde u prodaji te je svojim gospodarskim djelovanjem vrlo važan gospodarski subjekt u Republici Hrvatskoj.Sales business includes placing products on the market so that products, along with various sales and marketing activities, could fing their way to the end user.Market research, sales organization, quality product along with marketing efforts lead to increased sales and realization of plans of companies engaged in sales.A successful example of a company engaged in the production and sale of soft drinks is Jamnica plus d.o.o. which, with extremely high competition and major changes in the market, continues to achives sales records and is a very important entity in the Republic of Croatia
DEVELOPMENT OF ENTERPRENEURIAL INCUBATORS AND START- UPS IN THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA
No full textU ovome radu kratko je predstavljena povijest i nastanak poduzetništva, kako bi se razvila ideja suvremenog poduzetništva i poduzetnika. Detaljno je razrađen pojam start-upa, njihovog nastanka i mogućnosti financiranja novoformiranih poduzeća u fazi razvoja. Pritom je svrha rada bila istražiti poduzetničku aktivnost u Republici Hrvatskoj i značaj potpornih institucija kao što su poduzetnički inkubatori u poticanju malog i srednjeg poduzetništva. Na primjeru poduzetničkog inkubatora u Vinkovcima istaknuti su pozitivni učinci koje takve institucije pružaju te kako doprinose poboljšanju poduzetničke aktivnosti i razvoju novih poduzetnika.This paper briefly presents the history and origins of entrepreneurship to raise awareness and present the notion of modern entrepreneurship and entrepreneurs. The concept of start-ups, their origin and the possibility of financing newly formed companies in the development phase is elaborated in detail. The purpose of this paper was to research entrepreneurial activity in the Republic of Croatia and the importance of support institutions such as business incubators in encouraging small and medium-sized enterprises. The example of the business incubator in Vinkovci highlights the positive effects that such institutions provide as well as their contribution to the improvement of entrepreneurial activity and the development of new entrepreneurs
THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON COMMERCE
No full textSvrha i cilj ovog završnog rada je upoznati se sa utjecajima i učincima pandemije COVID-19 na trgovinu, gospodarstvo i na određene sektore unutar gospodarstva u Republici Hrvatskoj i svijetu, te prikazati utjecaj pandemije COVID-19 posebno u sektoru trgovine i utjecaj na BDP na globalnoj razini. Isto tako spomenut će se i razvoj i implementacija sustava programskih rješenja koji svakako podižu razinu kvalitete života stanovništvu posebno u ovom periodu. Pandemija COVID-19 bila je svojevrsni katalizator brzog rasta e-trgovine i premještanja značajnog dijela maloprodaje na internetu. Tvrtke su se morale brzo prilagoditi novoj eri i maknuti fokus s tradicionalnih prodajnih mjesta u fizičkim poslovnicama.The purpose and goal of this final paper is to get acquainted with the impacts and effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on commerce, the economy and certain sectors within the economy in the Republic of Croatia and worldwide, and show impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in the trade sector, and the impact on GDP globally. It will also be mentioned the development and implementation of software solutions that certainly raise the level of quality of life of the population, especially in this period. The COVID-19 pandemic was its own catalyst for the rapid growth of e-commerce and the relocation of a significant portion of online retail. Companies had to quickly adapt to the new era and shift the focus away from traditional physical outlets
NUTRITIONAL SUPPORT AND THE IMPORTANCE OF PHYSIOTHERAPISTS IN PEOPLE WITH OSTEOPOROSIS
No full textOsteoporoza je bolest karakterizirana smanjenjem koštane mase, poremećajem njezine strukture i posljedičnom nedostatnom mineralizacijom kosti što rezultira smanjenjem njezine elastičnosti i čvrstoće te povećanom mogućnošću i učestalošću prijeloma. Veliki javnozdravstveni problem jest osteoporoza te se kroz edukaciju od strane zdravstvenih djelatnika nastoji utjecati na populaciju o važnosti utjecaja određenih čimbenika rizika na razvoj osteoporoze. Svjetska zdravstvena organizacija naglašava važnost uočavanja osteoporoze kao „tihe epidemije“ koja najčešće nastupa bez simptoma. Nepravilna prehrana i izloženost ljudi različitim čimbenicima rizika povećavaju incidenciju razvoja bolesti. Većina istraživanja potkrepljuje važnost vitamina D i kalcija osobama s osteoporozom, njihovo doziranje se razlikuje od države do države te stoga većina istraživanja ističe važnost pravilne prehrane kao temelja koji može pomoći osobama s osteoporozom. Fizioterapija kao dio nefarmakološkog liječenja uz korištenje fizikalnih procedura utječe na poboljšanje funkcionalnih sposobnosti i smanjenja boli kod osoba s osteoporozom. Stručno vođena tjelesna aktivnost pravilnog intenziteta i ekstenziteta pozitivno utječe na mineralnu gustoću kosti te usporava i smanjuje prirodni gubitak koštane mase kod osoba odrasle dobi. Posljedično tome osteoporotični prijelomi kosti se kod osoba starije životne dobi preveniraju provođenjem tjelesne aktivnosti.Osteoporosisis a health condition characterized by loss of bone density, disruption of its structure and subsequent loss of mineralization of bones which leads to loss of elasticity and firmness while adding to the risk of more frequent fractures. Osteoporosis is one of the greatest problems of public health and it requires for the health workers to educate the population about the importance of influence of certain risk factors on the development of osteoporosis. World Health Organization emphasizes the importance of recognizing osteoporosis as a “quiet epidemic” which mostly appears without any overt symptoms. Improper diet and exposure to different risk factors increases the risk of developing osteoporosis. Majority of research proves the importance of Vitamin D and calcium for people suffering from osteoporosis, and the dosage ofVitamin D and calcium differs from county to country making the research emphasize the importance of proper diet as a basis for helping people suffering from osteoporosis. Physiotherapy as a part of non-pharmacological treatment combined with various physical procedures influences the improvement of functional abilities and reduction of pain for people affected by osteoporosis. Professionally led physical activity of the correct intensity and extensity positively influences the mineral bone density while slowing down and reducing natural loss of bone mass in adults. Consequently, bone breakage and fractures caused by osteoporosis inolder people are prevented by regular physical activity
PHYSIOTHERAPEUTIC APPROACH TO PAIN IN SPORT - A LITERATURE REVIEW
No full textBol nije samo neugodan osjećaj za pojedinca, nego je jedan od najvažnijih zaštitnih mehanizama organizma. Kako će čovjek doživjeti taj podražaj ovisi o širenju, intenzitetu podražaja i o nizu psiholoških čimbenika. Osjetne informacije s periferije organizma nadziru i oblikuju čimbenici kao što su kultura, iskustvo, emocionalno stanje osobe, iščekivanje, strah i sl. Brojna istraživanja govore o značajnoj povezanosti boli i aktivnosti svakodnevnog života što dugoročno utječe na radne sposobnosti i vodi ekonomskim posljedicama. Fizioterapija predstavlja suvremenu zdravstvenu profesiju koja metodama fizioterapijske intervencije ima za cilj postići maksimalnu razinu funkcioniranja u aktivnostima svakodnevnog života. Fizioterapijska intervencija započinje procjenom te predstavlja učinkovite metode u smanjenju boli. Prilikom procjene važno je uzeti u obzir subjektivne i objektivne podatke, uključujući i podatke o boli. U fizioterapiji boli se pristupa na mnogo načina, ovisno o samom mehanizmu nastanka boli i općeg stanja pacijenta. U ovom radu će biti objašnjen pristup kroz nekoliko najčešćih pristupa u liječenju boli kod sportaša, a to su vježbanje, krioterapija, manualna terapija, elektroterapija.Pain is not only an uncomfortable feeling for an individual, but is one of the most important protective mechanisms of the body. How a person will experience this stimulus depends on the spread, the intensity of the stimulus, and a number of psychological factors. Sensory information from the periphery of the body is controlled and shaped by factors such as culture, experience, emotional state of a person, anticipation, fear, etc. Numerous studies show a significant connection between pain and daily life activities that affect work ability and lead to economic consequences. Physiotherapy is a modern health profession that aims to achieve the maximum level of functioning in the activities of everyday life through the methods of physiotherapy intervention. Physiotherapy intervention begins with assessment and represents effective methods in reducing pain. When assessing, it is important to consider subjective and objective data, including pain data. In physiotherapy, pain is approached in many ways, depending on the mechanism of pain and the general condition of the patient. This paper will explain the approach through several common approaches in the treatment of pain in athletes, namely exercise, cryotherapy, manual therapy, electrotherapy
MARKETING COMMUNICATION IN POLITICS
No full textDo promjena u strukturi i pravcu izbornih kampanja došlo je zbog raspada tradicionalnih društvenih veza, ali i zbog razvoja masovnih medija i paralelno s tim uspona političkog marketinga. Temeljne komponente političkog marketinga su: analiza, razvoj, provođenje i upravljanje strateškim kampanjama. Uz pomoć istih nastoji se potaknuti javno mnijenje, ali i promicati vlastita ideologija. Fokus je svakako na tržišnim vrijednostima, ali i ideologijama kandidata unutar pojedine političke stranke. Ovim radom obuhvaćen je pojam marketinške komunikacije i njegova osnovna načela te pojam i značajke političke komunikacije u okviru koje su analizirane ključne odrednice, ali i pojedinačne uloge odnosa s javnošću, marketinga i medija te izborna promidžba u RH.Changes in the direction and structure of election campaigns have happened due to the breakdown of traditional social ties, but also due to the development of mass media and the rise of political marketing. The basic components of political marketing are analysis, development, implementation, and management of strategic campaigns. With this type of help, they try to encourage public opinion, but also promote their own ideology. The focus is on market values, but also on the candidates’ ideologies within a particular political party. This paper covers the concept of marketing communication and its basic principles, as well as the concept and features of political communication within which the most important determinants are analyzed, as well as individual roles of public relations, marketing, media, and election campaigning in Croatia
CHILDREN WITH AUTISM AND PHYSIOTHERAPY INTERVENTIONS
No full textPoremećaj iz spektra autizma (PSA) je neurorazvojni poremećaj karakteriziran poteškoćama u komunikaciji, socijalnoj interakciji te ograničenim i repetitivnim obrascima ponašanja i interesa. U DSM-5 kreiran je koncept dijagnoze „poremećaj iz spektra autizma“ koji obuhvaća: autistični poremećaj, Aspergerov poremećaj, dezintegrativni poremećaj u djetinjstvu i pervazivni razvojni poremećaj. Genetski i okolišni čimbenici imaju važnu ulogu u riziku nastanka PSA. Djeca s PSA mogu imati disfunkcije osjetilnih sustava u vidu prevelike ili preniske osjetljivosti na podražaje. Senzorički deficiti djece s autizmom najviše se očituju u taktilnom, vestibularnom i proprioceptivnom sustavu koji su međusobno usko povezani, a odgovori na podražaje razlikuju se od djeteta do djeteta. Preko 87% djece s autizmom ima barem neku vrstu motoričkih poteškoća koje se pojavljuju u ranom djetinjstvu. Najzastupljeniji motorički deficiti prisutni kod autistične djece su hipotonija, zatim slijede dispraksija, hod na prstima te problemi grube i fine motorike. Rano prepoznavanje senzoričkih i motoričkih poteškoća te uključivanje djece u fizioterapijske intervencije ključno je za njihov napredak. Neke od mogućih intervencija su: kineziterapija, Halliwick koncept, hipoterapija, terapija senzoričke integracije te terapijska masaža. Fizioterapija ima značajnu ulogu u cjelokupnom terapijskom postupku te osim na motoričke sposobnosti, pozitivno utječe i na djetetove socijalne, komunikacijske i senzoričke vještine.Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulties in communication, social interaction, and limited and repetitive patterns of behavior and interests. The concept of the diagnosis „autism spectrum disorder“ was introduced in “ The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition” (DSM-5), which includes autistic disorder, Asperger's syndrome, disintegrative childhood disorder and pervasive developmental disorder. Genetics and environmental factors play an important role in the risk of developing ASD. Children with ASD may have sensory system dysfunctions such as hipersensitivity or hyposensitivity to stimuli. Sensory deficits in children with autism are most evident in the tactile, vestibular, and proprioceptive systems, which are closely interrelated, and responses to stimuli vary from child to child. Over 87% of children with autism have at least some type of motor difficulty that occurs in early childhood. The most common motor deficits present in autistic children are hypotonia, dyspraxia, walking on toes and problems with gross and fine motor skills. Early detection of sensory and motor difficulties and the involvement of children in physiotherapy interventions is crucial for their progress. Some of the possible interventions are: kinesitherapy, Halliwick concept, hippotherapy, sensory integration therapy and therapeutic massage. Physiotherapy plays a significant role in the overall therapeutic process and, in addition to sensory and motor skills, also has a positive effect on child's social and communication skills
TREATMENT POSSIBILITIES AND OUTCOMES OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
No full textReumatoidni artritis (RA) je kronična, upalna, autoimuna bolest zglobova nejasne etiologije koja zahvaća oko 1 % populacije. Liječenje reumatoidnog artritisa je složeno i još uvijek predstavlja određeni izazov za današnju medicinu. Mogućnosti liječenja se mogu podijeliti na farmakološke intervencije, koje uključuju terapiju različitim tipovima lijekova, i nefarmakološke intervencije poput fizioterapije, primjene ortoza i udlaga i kirurških zahvata. Glavni ciljevi liječenja su ublažavanje boli, očuvanje funkcionalnosti zglobova, prevencija deformacija i drugih komplikacija bolesti te po mogućnosti postizanje remisije bolesti.Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune joint disease of unclear etiology that affects about 1% of the population. Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis is complex and still poses a particular challenge to today’s medicine. The treatment options can be divided into pharmacological interventions, which include therapy with different types of drugs, and non-pharmacological interventions such as physiotherapy, application of orthoses and splints, and surgical procedures. The main goals of treatment are pain relief, preservation of join functionality, prevention of deformities and other complications of the disease, and possibly achieving remission of the disease. Keywords
PHYSIOTHERAPY PROCEDURES IN PATIENTS WITH SCOLIOSIS
No full textSvako odstupanje od normalne zakrivljenosti kralježnice, bilo da je smanjeno ili povećano, smatra se deformitetom. S obzirom na izgled koštane strukture kralježnice, skolioze se dijele na funkcionalne i strukturalne. Točan položaj skolioze određen je vrhom (apeksom) samog zavoja. Postoje cervikalne, cervikotorakalne, torakalne, torakolumbalne, lumbalne i lumbosakralne skolioze. Patološki mehanizam zakrivljenosti same kralježnice više se objašnjava činjenicom da prednji dio kralježaka (trup) raste brže od stražnjeg dijela kralješaka. Za adekvatno praćenje i liječenje skolioze potrebna je temeljita etiologija, mjesto, profil i dob pacijenta (zrelost kostiju). Najčešće se primjenjuju korektivne vježbe. Osim vježbi, koriste se masaže, Schroth metoda u terapiji skolioze, Vojta terapija, Lyon metoda, Barcelona Scoliosis Physical Therapy School (BSPTS), dinamička neuromuskularna stablizacija (DNS) te Kinesio taping.Any deviation from the normal curvature of the spine, whether reduced or increased, is considered a deformity. Given the appearance of the bony structure of the spine, scoliosis is divided into functional and structural. The exact position of scoliosis is determined by the apex of the bend itself, so there are cervical, cervicothoracic, thoracic, thoracolumbar, lumbar and lumbosacral scoliosis. The pathological mechanism of curvature of the spine itself is more explained by the fact that the anterior part of the vertebrae (trunk) grows faster than the posterior part of the vertebrae which grows slowly. Adequate monitoring and treatment of scoliosis requires a thorough etiology, location, profile and age of the patient (bone maturity). Corrective exercises are most commonly applied. In addition to exercise, massage, Schroth method in scoliosis therapy, Vojta therapy, Lyon method, Barcelona Scoliosis Physical Therapy School (BSPTS), Dynamic neuromuscular stabilization (DNS) and Kinesio taping are used
PROPRIOCEPTIVE NEUROMUSCULAR FACILITATION
No full textProprioceptivna neuromuskularna facilitacija (PNF) jest vrsta fizioterapijske intervencije kojom se može pristupati pacijentima s različitim dijagnozama te kojom se nastoji povećati opseg pokreta, poboljšati kontrolu pokreta i koordinaciju zglobova, poboljšati mišićnu elastičnost i opuštenost koje dovode do povećanja mišićne izdržljivosti te poboljšanje cjelokupne funkcionalne aktivnosti pacijenta. PNF koncept tretira pacijenta u cjelini te nastoji iskoristiti sve pacijentove neiskorištene potencijale i mogućnosti kombiniranjem određenih uzoraka i pokreta. Proprioceptivna neuromuskularna facilitacija primjenjuje se kod različitih dijagnoza, a najčešće kod povreda i poremećaja mišićnokoštanog sustava te kod ortopedskih i neuroloških oboljenja.Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) is a type of physiotherapy intervention that can be accessed by a patient with various diagnoses that seek to increase range of motion, improve movement control and joint coordination, improve muscle elasticity and relaxation that increase muscle endurance and to help improve overall functional activity. The PNF concept treats patients as a whole and seeks to harness all patients untapped potentials and opportunities by combining specific patterns and movements. Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation is used in various diagnoses, most often in injuries and disorders of the musculoskeletal system in orthopedic and neurological diseases