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Creating three-dimensional interactive storybook "The wolf who wanted to change his color"
No full textZavršni rad navodi informacije o slikovnici kao važnom elementu djetetovog razvoja. Upravo se slikovnica smatra prvom knjigom djeteta, odnosno njegovim prozorom u svijet književnosti. Kroz rad se navode bitne karakteristike slikovnice, povijest slikovnice te njezina uloga u odgoju i obrazovanju. Rad detaljnije proučava neke vrste slikovnica kao što su interaktivne i problemske slikovnice. Interaktivna slikovnica sastoji se od teksta, slike te taktilnih i auditivnih dijelova, njezina trodimenzionalnost čini je vrlo privlačnom u očima djece. Prema oblicima interaktivne slikovnice mogu biti pop-up slikovnice, slikovnice preklopnice, digitalne slikovnice, zvučne slikovnice i slikovnice-igračke. U nastavku rada spominje se analiza problemske slikovnice "Vuk koji je htio biti druge boje", francuske autorice Orianne Lallemand. Čičko (2000) problemsku slikovnicu uspoređuje s modernom slikovnicom u kojoj autor prikazuje stvaran i svakodnevan život ignoriraju i pojam tabu-tema. Analizirana slikovnica govori nam o vuku kojem se nije sviđala crna boja njegova krzna. Kroz duhovite preobrazbe u različite boje, vuk je naučio važnu životnu lekciju o samopoštovanju i neprocjenjivosti vlastitih razlikovnih značajki u odnosu na druge. Nakon analize slikovnice slijedi izrada trodimenzionalne interaktivne slikovnice "Vuk koji je htio biti druge boje". Rad dokumentira izradu slikovnice, navodi potrebne materijale za izradu te prati sami proces izrade trodimenzionalne interaktivne slikovnice. Na kraju rada predstavljen je izgled izrađene trodimenzionalne interaktivne slikovnice "Vuk koji je htio biti druge boje". Pouka koju nam daje analizirana slikovnica glasi da se ne trebamo mijenjati, već da smo najbolji ovakvi kakvi jesmo.
"Za vučiće koji misle da nisu lijepi, a jesu, itekako." (Lallemand, 2019)The final paper provides information about the picture book as an important element of the child's development. The picture book is considered as child's first book, i.e. his window into the world of literature. The paper describes the essential characteristics of the picture book, the history of the picture book and its role in upbringing and education. The paper studies in more detail some types of picture books such as interactive and problem picture books. The interactive picture book consists of text, pictures and tactile and auditory parts, its three-dimensionality makes it very attractive in the eyes of children. According to the forms, interactive picture books can be pop-up picture books, folding picture books, digital picture books, sound picture books and toy picture books. In the continuation of the paper, the analysis of the problematic picture book "The wolf who wanted to change his color" by the French author Orianne Lallemand is mentioned. i ko (2000) compares the problematic picture book with a modern picture book in which the author depicts real and everyday life, ignoring the concept of taboo topics. The analyzed picture book tells us about a wolf who did not like the black color of his fur. Through humorous transformations into different colors, the wolf learned an important life lesson about self-respect and the invaluability of one's own distinguishing features in relation to others. The analysis of the picture book is followed by the creation of a three-dimensional interactive picture book "The wolf who wanted to change his color". The paper documents the creation of the picture book, lists the necessary materials for its creation, and follows the process of creating a three-dimensional interactive picture book. At the end of the work, the appearance of the created three-dimensional interactive picture book "The wolf who wanted to change his color" was presented. The lesson that the analyzed picture book gives us is that we should not change, but that we are the best as we are.
"For wolves who think they are not beautiful, but they really are."(Lallemand, 2019
Educators' attitudes on the use of methodological templates in native speech learning
No full textOvaj diplomski rad baziran je na istraživanju koje se bavi stavovima odgojitelja prema korištenju metodičkih predložaka u učenju zavičajnog govora kod djece predškolske dobi. Zavičajni govor je izuzetno bitan u očuvanju kulturnog identiteta, a odgojitelji imaju značajnu ulogu u njegovom prenošenju na mlade generacije. Istraživanje provedeno među 83 odgojitelja pokazalo je da velika većina njih prepoznaje vrijednost metodičkih predložaka, redovito ih koristi te smatra da oni učinkovito potiču očuvanje zavičajnog govora. Predlošci se prepoznaju kao korisni alati koji poti u kreativnost djece, olakšavaju strukturiranje obrazovnog procesa i održavaju interes djece za učenje. Međutim, istraživanje je također ukazalo na određene izazove poput rizika da predlošci postanu previše rigidni ili zahtjevni za pripremu, što može smanjiti fleksibilnost i prilagodljivost u radu s djecom. Uloga roditelja u ovom procesu također je prepoznata kao važna s naglaskom na važnost suradnje između obitelji i odgojno-obrazovnih ustanova. Iako rezultati ukazuju na široku podršku korištenju metodičkih predložaka, istraživanje također sugerira potrebu za dodatnim resursima i kontinuiranim prilagođavanjem predložaka kako bi se osigurala njihova učinkovitost u očuvanju zavičajnog govora.This graduation work is based on study that explores the attitudes of preschool educators towards the use of didactic templates in teaching regional dialects to young children. The regional dialect plays a crucial role in preserving cultural identity, and educators have a significant responsibility in passing it on to younger generations. The research, conducted among 83 educators, revealed that the vast majority recognize the value of didactic templates, regularly use them, and believe they effectively support the preservation of regional dialects. Templates are seen as useful tools that encourage children's creativity, facilitate the structuring of the educational process, and maintain children's interest in learning. However, the study also highlighted certain challenges, such as the risk of templates becoming too rigid or demanding in preparation, which can reduce flexibility and adaptability in working with children. The role of parents in this process is also recognized as essential, emphasizing the importance of collaboration between families and educational institutions. While the findings indicate strong support for the use of didactic templates, the study also suggests the need for additional resources and continuous adaptation of templates to ensure their effectiveness in preserving regional dialects
Opinions and perceptions of Early and preschool education students about the challenges of including children with ADHD in the preschool system
No full textJedan od glavnih preduvjeta zadovoljavanja potreba djece u sustavu ranog i predškolskog odgoja i obrazovanja je primjereno obrazovanje odgajatelja i stručnih suradnika. Profesionalno osoblje čine odgajatelji čije inicijalno obrazovanje, trajni profesionalni razvoj i cjeloživotno učenje određuju kvalitetu neposrednog inkluzivnog rada. Svrha ovog diplomskog rada je ispitati mišljenja studenata Ranog i predškolskog odgoja i obrazovanja o izazovima uključivanja djece s ADHD-om u predškolski sustav te dobiti uvid u percepciju vlastitih kompetencija za rad s djecom s ADHD-om. Državni pedagoški standard, Zakon o predškolskom odgoju i obrazovanju i Nacionalni kurikulum za rani i predškolski odgoj i obrazovanje garantiraju uključivanje u odgojno – obrazovne skupine s redovitim programom i kvalitetu inkluzivnog rada svakom djetetu s posebnim potrebama u Hrvatskoj. Teorijski dio predstavlja podlogu za razumijevanje procesa inkluzije djece s teškoćama s naglaskom na djecu s ADHD-om. Objašnjenje pojma inkluzije praćeno je navođenjem prava djece s teškoćama prema u nacionalnim i međunarodnim dokumentima te predstavljanjem kompetencija odgajatelja potrebnih za provođenje kvalitetnog inkluzivnog odgoja i obrazovanja. Rad definira poremećaj ADHD putem povijesnih istraživanja, etiologije, karakteristika i procesa same dijagnoze te razvoja i specifičnih potreba djece s ADHD-om uz naglasak na mogu e izazove koji nastaju u procesu uključivanja djece s ADHD-om u predškolski sustav. Praktični dio rada prikazuje rezultate ankete provedenog kvantitativnog istraživanja na studentima Ranog i predškolskog odgoja i obrazovanja s tri različita Učiteljska fakulteta. Mjerni instrument sastoji se od dva djela. Prvi dio ankete ispituje percepciju vlastitih kompetencija za rad s djecom s ADHD-om i percepciju izazova u uključivanju djece s ADHD-om, dok se drugi dio referira na stavove o inkluziji. Istraživanje se provelo online anketom u srpnju 2024. godine.One of the main prerequisites for meeting the needs of children in the early and preschool education system is appropriate education of preschool teachers and their professional associates. The professional staff consists of educators whose initial education, permanent professional development and lifelong learning determine the quality of immediate inclusive work. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the opinions of early and preschool education students about the challenges of including children with ADHD in the preschool system, and to gain insight into the perception of their own competencies for working with children with ADHD. The State Pedagogical Standard, The Law on Preschool Education and the National Curriculum for Early and Preschool Education in Croatia guarantee inclusion in educational groups following a regular program and the quality of inclusive work to every child with special needs in Croatia. The theoretical part of the thesis represents the basis for understanding the process of inclusion of children with disabilities, with an emphasis on children with ADHD. The explanation of the concept of inclusion is accompanied by the listing of the rights of children with disabilities according to national and international documents and the presentation of the competences of educators necessary for the implementation of quality inclusive education. The thesis defines the ADHD disorder through historical research, etiology, characteristics and the process of the diagnosis itself, as well as the development and specific needs of children with ADHD, with an emphasis on the possible challenges that arise in the process of including children with ADHD in the preschool system. The practical part of the paper presents the results of a quantitative survey conducted on early and preschool education students from three different Teacher Faculties. The measuring instrument consists of two parts. The first part of the survey examines the perception of ones own competencies for working with children with ADHD and the perception of challenges in including children with ADHD, while the second part refers to attitudes about inclusion. The research was conducted through an online survey in July 2024
Dietary habits and body mass index among students in Zagreb
No full textU modernom svijetu, sve je veći naglasak na zdrav i kvalitetan životni stil. Kako bi pojedinac vodio što zdraviji i kvalitetniji život, on treba imati zdrave i kvalitetne prehrambene navike. Kvalitetne prehrambene navike kod djece ne nastaju slučajno, već su oblikovane utjecajima obitelji i školskog okruženja. Osim zdrave prehrane, ključan je i naglasak na tjelesnoj aktivnosti koja doprinosi općem zdravlju. Nadalje, indeks tjelesne mase (ITM) koristi se za procjenu tjelesne mase učenika, a praćenje prehrambenih navika i tjelesne aktivnosti može pomoći u razumijevanju povezanosti između prehrane, tjelesne aktivnosti i indeksa tjelesne mase. Tako je cilj ovog rada ispitati prehrambene navike učenika osnovnih škola u gradu Zagrebu, zadovoljstvo njihovih roditelja školskom prehranom, kao i povezati njihove prehrambene navike i bavljenje tjelesnim aktivnostima s indeksom tjelesne mase. Istraživanje je provedeno na 119 učenika osnovnih škola u Zagrebu (N=119), a roditelji su služili kao posrednici koji su popunjavali online anketu. Roditelji su odgovarali na pitanja vezana za prehrambene navike vlastitog djeteta u školi i kod kuće, poput količine unosa zaslađenih pića, koliko često dijete jede meso, voće i povrće i slično. Osim prehrane, roditelji su odgovarali na pitanja bave li im se dijete sportom i koliko sati tjedno provede u sportskim aktivnostima. Istraživanje je pokazalo da učenici koji se bave sportom imaju značajno veći indeks tjelesne mase u odnosu na one učenike koji se ne bave sportom, iako je povezanost između količine vremena koje dijete provede u sportskim aktivnostima i indeksa tjelesne mase ispala neznačajna. Nadalje, učenici koji češće jedu hranu izvana, grickalice i slatkiše te imaju veći unos zaslađenih pića, imaju veći indeks tjelesne mase od onih koji rjeđe jedu hranu izvana, grickalice i slatkiše te unose manje količine zaslađenih pića.In the modern world, there is an increasing emphasis on a healthy and quality lifestyle. In order for an individual to lead as healthy and high-quality life as possible, he must have healthy and high-quality eating habits. Quality eating habits in children do not arise by chance, but are shaped by the influence of the family and the school environment. In addition to a healthy diet, an emphasis on physical activity, which contributes to general health, is also crucial. Furthermore, body mass index (BMI) is used to estimate the body mass of students, and tracking eating habits and physical activity can help understand the relationship between diet, physical activity, and body mass index. Thus, the aim of this paper is to examine the eating habits of elementary school students in the city of Zagreb, as well as to connect these eating habits and physical activity with the body mass index. The research was conducted on 119 elementary school students in Zagreb (N=119), and parents served as mediators who filled out the online survey. Parents answered questions related to their child's eating habits at home and at school, such as the amount of sugary drinks consumed, how often the child eats meat, fruit and vegetables, and the like. In addition to nutrition, parents answered questions about whether their children play sports and how many hours a week they spend in sports. The research showed that students who play sports differ significantly from those students who do not play sports in terms of body mass index. Likewise, students who eat snacks and sweets more often and have a higher intake of sweetened drinks have a higher body mass index than those who eat snacks and sweets and consume sweetened drinks less often
Volleyball as a curricular and extracurricular activity in primary education
No full textPočetak rada vraća odbojku na njezine početke razvoja. Iako je nastala u Sjedinjenim Američkim Državama, vrlo brzo se proširila svijetom. Velika zainteresiranost ljudi prema odbojci zadržala se sve do danas. Kroz povijest su se mijenjala pravila igre, sve dok se nisu formirala opća pravila igre i njezini elementi tehnike. Tijekom nadigravanja, u obrani i napadu, igra izvodi tehnike pravilnog odbojkaškog stava, servisa, podlaktičnog odbijanja, vršnog odbijanja, smeča, bloka. Objašnjena je svrha i važnost svakog elementa i izvedba tehnike u koracima. Za najmlađe uzraste koji se tek susreću s odbojkaškom igrom predviđena je mini odbojka. Njezina jednostavnija i prilagođena pravila igre prethode velikoj, modernoj odbojci. Mnoga istraživanja dokazala su pozitivne utjecaje mini odbojke, a u radu su spomenuta neka od njih. Tijekom prvih doticaja s loptom, vrlo je važno metodički ispravno podučavati djecu te odabrati primjerene vježbe. Metodike poduke i smjernice za vježbe nabrojane su u radu. Trener je najutjecajnija osoba za kvalitetan razvoj igrača fizički, ali i mentalno. Odgovoran je za kvalitetno vođenje treninga. Cilj rada bio je prikazati sve značajke odbojke kao izvannastavne aktivnosti i kako se izvannastavne aktivnosti provode u školi te napraviti uvid u kurikulum uz prikaz odbojkaških elemenata koji se provode u nastavi.The beginning of thesis returns volleyball to its beginnings of development. Although it originated in the United States of America, it quickly spread through the world. People's great interest in volleyball has remained until today. Through out history, the rules of the game changed, until the general rules of the game and its technical elements were formed. During the game, in defense and attack, the player performs the techniques of the correct volleyball stance, serve, dig, pass, spike, block. The purpose and importance of each element and the performance of the technique are explained in steps. For children who are new to the game of volleyball, mini volleyball is planned. With its simpler and adapted game rules precede big, modern volleyball. Many studies have proven the positive effects of mini volleyball, and some of them are mentioned in the thesis. During the first encounters with the ball, it is very important to teach children methodically and to choose appropriate exercises. Teaching methodologies and guidelines for exercises are listed in the thesis. The coach is the most influential person for the quality development of the player physically and mentally. He is responsible for quality management of training. The aim of the thesis was to show all the features of volleyball as an extracurricular activity and how extracurricular activities are carried out in school, and to gain an insight into the curriculum along with the presentation of volleyball elements that are carried out in class
Oral health of preschool children
No full textOralno zdravlje predstavlja važan dio općeg zdravlja svakog pojedinca te je od iznimne važnosti za cjelokupno zdravlje djeteta. Ovaj rad bavi se prikazom razvoja zubi od razvoja u maternici do nicanja umnjaka, opisuje anatomiju zubi te njihovu fiziološku ulogu. U radu se naglašava važnost očuvanja pravilne oralne higijene kako mliječnih tako i trajnih zuba. Mliječni zubi imaju važnu ulogu u pripremi hrane za probavu, formiranju glasova te čuvaju mjesto trajnim zubima. Njihov prerani gubitak može uzrokovati mnoge posljedice na trajnu denticiju. U radu su također prikazane najčešće bolesti zuba kod djece poput karijesa bočice, pulpitisa te parodontalnih bolesti (gingivitisa i parodontitisa). Bolesti zuba mogu uzrokovati velike zdravstvene probleme ako se ne liječe na vrijeme. Oralne navike kod djece poput sisanja prsta, grizenja usnice, disanja na usta, škripanja zubima mogu oštetiti zube i dovesti do poremećaja okluzije. Važno je pravovremeno prepoznati štetne oralne navike kako bi se spriječile bolesti zuba i usne šupljine. Naglašena je važnost ranog razvoja pravilnih higijenskih navika poput redovitog pranja zuba, uporabe zubne paste s fluorom i posjeta stomatologu. Rad se osvrće i na preventivne mjere koje bi se trebale provoditi u vrtićima poput edukacije o oralnoj higijeni i redovitim stomatološkim pregledima kako bi se smanjila stopa bolesti zuba.
U konačnici, rani početak pravilne brige o zubima te prevencija i edukacija u predškolskim ustanovama ključni su za očuvanje oralnog zdravlja djece, čime se doprinosi njihovom općem zdravlju i kvaliteti života te smanjuje rizik od ozbiljnih stomatoloških problema u kasnijoj dobi.Oral health is an essential component of overall health, especially for children. This paper focuses on the development of teeth from the embryonic stage to the eruption of wisdom teeth, explaining the anatomy and physiological function of teeth. It highlights the significance of maintaining proper oral hygiene for both baby and permanent teeth. Baby teeth play a crucial role in preparing food for digestion, forming speech sounds, and preserving space for permanent teeth. Premature loss of baby teeth can lead to various consequences for permanent teeth. The paper also discusses common dental diseases in children, such as baby bottle tooth decay, pulpitis, and periodontal diseases (gingivitis and periodontitis). Untreated dental diseases can cause serious health issues. Oral habits in children, like thumb-sucking, lip-biting, mouth breathing, and teeth grinding, can harm teeth and lead to occlusion disorders. Early identification of harmful oral habits is essential for preventing dental disorders. The paper emphasizes the importance of developing proper hygiene habits early on, such as regular tooth brushing, using fluoride toothpaste, and visiting the dentist. It also addresses preventive measures that should be implemented in kindergartens, including education on oral hygiene and regular dental check-ups, to reduce the incidence of dental diseases. In conclusion, early initiation of proper dental care, prevention, and education in preschool settings is vital for maintaining children's oral health, contributing to their overall health and quality of life, and reducing the risk of serious dental problems in the future
Generational differences in the perception of children's play
No full textPojam igra asocira na dijete te na razdoblje djetinjstva. Tijekom povijesti uloga i položaj djeteta mijenjali su se, a time je i igra u različitim razdobljima imala različitu važnost. Upravo je zato potrebno uzeti u obzir ulogu i položaj djeteta u različitim povijesnim razdobljima. Kronološkim prikazom povijesnih razdoblja daje se uvid u položaj djeteta u svakome od navedenih razdoblja te kakvu je važnost imala igra tijekom povijesti. U radu se donosi prikaz od tradicionalnog shvaćanja djeteta prema suvremenome. Osim definiranja pojma djeteta i djetinjstva potrebno je definirati i pojam igre, a razumijevanje tog pojma razlikuje se ovisno o pojedinom razdoblju i autorima. Sam pojam igre karakteriziraju brojna obilježja koja su navedena i objašnjena u radu. Budu i da postoje brojne definicije igre, postoje i brojne podjele i kategorizacije igre. Subjektivnim izborom dostupnih podjela igara svaka od njih navedena je i detaljnije opisana. Uz navedeno, rad prikazuje kako igra utječe na cjelokupni razvoj djeteta te je opisan utjecaj igre na motorički, spoznajni i socioemocionalni razvoj djeteta. Kompleksnost dječje igre poticaj je mnogim istraživanja te svojevrsna motivacija za istraživanje provedeno za potrebe ovog diplomskog rada. Provedeno je kvalitativno istraživanje u kojemu su podaci prikupljeni intervjuom. Cilj istraživanja bio je istražiti i usporediti stavove o igri iz perspektive predstavnika starijih, srednji i mlađih generacija. Sukladno tome, ispitanici su govorili iz uloge baka, kćeri ili sinova te unuka ili unuke. Govorili su o načinu, sredstvima i materijalima, vrsti igre i igračaka njihovog djetinjstva, čimbenicima koju su utjecali na igru te o igrama djece suvremenog djetinjstva. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju djelomičnu podudarnost u mišljenju, iskazima i na inima percepcije igre različitih generacija, dok se isto tako naglašavaju i razlike. No zasigurno se može zaključiti da igra obilježava djetinjstvo svakog djeteta bez obzira na to kojoj generaciji dijete pripada.The term play refers to a child and a period of childhood. Throughout history, the role and position of the child changed, and thus the game was of different importance at different times. It is therefore necessary to take into account the role and position of the child in various historical periods. The chronological presentation of historical periods gives an insight into the position of the child in each of these periods and the importance of the game throughout history. The paper presents a presentation from the traditional understanding of the child towards the modern one. In addition to defining the concept of child and childhood, the concept of play needs to be defined, and the understanding of this concept varies depending on the individual period and authors.The term "game" itself is characterised by a number of features listed and explained in the paper. As there are many definitions of the game, there are many divisions and categorisations of the game. The subjective choice of available game division lists each of them and describes them in more detail. In addition, the paper shows how the game affects the overall development of the child and describes the impact of the game on the motor, cognitive and socio-emotional development of the child. The complexity of the children's game is an incentive for many research and a kind of motivation for research conducted for the purpose of this graduate thesis. A qualitative study was conducted in which data were collected by interviews. The aim of the research was to investigate and compare attitudes on the game from the perspective of representatives of older, middle and younger generations. Accordingly, the subjects spoke from the role of grandparents, daughters, or sons, and grandchildren. They talked about the way, means and materials, the type of game and toys of their childhood, the factors that influenced the game, and the games of children of modern childhood. Research results show a partial coincidence in opinions, expressions and ways of perceiving games of different generations, while differences are also emphasized. But it can surely be concluded that the game marks the childhood of each child regardless of the generation of the child
Drawing and Movement in Art Classes
No full textPrema kurikulumu za Likovnu kulturu iz 2019. godine, jedna od funkcija nastave Likovne kulture jest razvijanje sposobnosti kreativnog mišljenja i djelovanja. Prema Gulifordu, kreativnost je uzrokovana pojavom divergentnog mišljenja, za koje nam je potrebno iskustvo, znanje, te mogućnost povezivanja naizgled udaljenih dijelova iskustva. Dijete posjeduje kreativnost prvi put viđenog i izraženog, jer u njegovom likovnom stvaralaštvu nema povezivanja starog iskustva u bogate nove kombinacije, već ono prvi put uočava i izražava otkriveno. Razvoj dječje likovne kreativnosti trebao bi se svjesno organizirati, usmjeravati i poticati. Nakon završetka spontanog likovnog izražavanja, djeci je potrebno dodatno motiviranje kako bi se nastavila likovno izražavati, a pri tome bi učitelj trebao biti fleksibilan, prilagodljiv, te sadržajno i metodički dinamičan u provedbi nastave. Učenici rane školske dobi su fizički vrlo aktivni, te se njihova kreativnost najprirodnije izražava kroz pokret. Dijete pokretom lako izražava svoje osjećaje, ideje i doživljaje, a pokret pozitivno utječe na socijalni, fizički, emocionalni i kognitivni razvoj djeteta. Pokret omogućuje učenicima kinestetičko pristupanje aktivnostima, kojim oni dolaze do novih pitanja, novih odgovora i novih rješenja. Djeca su oduvijek crtala izvan škole, na pijesku ili ulici, te tada nisu imala obrasce, već su polazila od vlastitog osjećaja, znanja o objektivnoj stvarnosti i mogućnosti izvedbe. Sva se djeca mogu stvaralački izraziti na slobodan, nesputan i stvaralački način, kada crtaju predmet po sjećanju ili po mašti. Likovni pedagog trebao bi pomoći djetetu da se slobodno izrazi, pronalazeći prikladne materijale, sredstva i podloge za likovni izraz. U ovom će se radu pokušati dokazati kako spoj crteža i pokreta u nastavi Likovne kulture pozitivno utječe na kreativnost učenika.According to the curriculum for Fine Arts from 2019, one of the functions of Fine Arts classes is to develop the ability to think creatively and act. According to Gulliford, creativity is caused by the emergence of divergent thinking, for which we need experience, knowledge, and the ability to connect seemingly distant parts of experience. The child possesses the creativity of what is seen and expressed for the first time, because in his artistic creation there is no connection of old experience into rich new combinations, but he observes and expresses what has been discovered for the first time. The development of children's artistic creativity should be consciously organized, directed and encouraged. After the end of spontaneous artistic expression, children need additional motivation to continue to express themselves artistically, and the teacher should be flexible, adaptable, and content-wise and methodically dynamic in the implementation of the lesson. Students at early school age are physically very active, and their creativity is most naturally expressed through movement. The child easily expresses his feelings, ideas and experiences through movement, and movement has a positive effect on the child's social, physical, emotional and cognitive development. The movement enables students to approach the activities kinesthetically, through which they come up with new questions, new answers and new solutions. Children have always drawn outside of school, on the sand or on the street, and then they did not have patterns, but started from their own feelings, knowledge of objective reality and the possibility of performance. All children can express themselves creatively in a free, unrestrained and creative way, when they draw objects from memory or from their imagination. An art pedagogue should help the child to express himself freely, finding suitable materials, means and bases for artistic expression. This paper will try to prove that the combination of drawing and movement in art classes has a positive effect on students' creativity
Trend of development of children's motor skills
No full textRazvoj motoričkih sposobnosti u predškolskoj dobi neizostavan je segment cjelokupnog razvoja djeteta. Motoričke sposobnosti uključuju širok spektar vještina, od osnovnih pokreta poput trčanja i hodanja do složenijih aktivnosti. Predškolska dob razdoblje je intenzivnog rasta i razvoja, stoga je poticanje motoričkih sposobnosti izuzetno korisno i potrebno u tom periodu. Odgojitelji imaju značajnu ulogu u poticanju i usmjeravanju motoričkog razvoja djece predškolske dobi. Sustavno i redovito provode raznovrsne i kreativne tjelesne aktivnosti koje istovremeno prate djetetove interese i mogućnosti te bilježe individualni razvoj svakog pojedinog djeteta. Također, odgojitelji surađuju s roditeljima tako što ih educiraju o važnosti tjelovježbe i kretanja od najranije dobi te ih uključuju u zajedničke aktivnosti, čime se osigurava cjeloviti razvoj djece rane i predškolske dobi.
Cilj ovog rada je utvrditi trend razvoja motoričkih sposobnosti djece predškolske dobi, odnosno ispitati povezanost djetetove dobi s razvojem tih sposobnosti. Istraživanje je provedeno u dječjem vrtiću u Splitsko-dalmatinskoj županiji na uzorku od 64 djece koja su podijeljena u tri skupine prema dobi, a to su mlađa, srednja i starija dobna skupina. Mjereno je sedam motoričkih sposobnosti: snaga, brzina, gibljivost, koordinacija, preciznost, ravnoteža i agilnost. Rezultati istraživanja prikazani i interpretirani u tablicama i grafovima, pokazali su da dolazi do napretka u razvoju motoričkih sposobnosti djece s dobi, odnosno starija dobna skupina ostvarila je najbolje rezultate naspram srednje i mlađe dobne skupine. Također, rezultati su pokazali da nema statistički značajnih razlika među dobnim skupinama, osim u testu koji je mjerio gibljivost. Ovaj rad ukazuje na važnost tjelesne aktivnosti djece od najranije dobi u svrhu njihova cjelovitog razvoja.The development of motor skills in preschool age is an indispensable segment of the overall development of a child. Motor skills include a wide range of skills, from basic movements such as running and walking to more complex activities. Preschool age is a period of intense growth and development, therefore encouraging motor skills is extremely useful and necessary in that period. Educators play a significant role in encouraging and guiding the motor development of preschool children. They systematically and regularly carry out diverse and creative physical activities that follow the child's interests and capabilities and record the individual development of each individual child. Also, educators cooperate with parents by educating them about the importance of exercise and movement from an early age and include them in activities, which ensures the integral development of children of early and preschool age.
The aim of this thesis is to determine the trend of motor skills development of preschool children, that is, to examine the connection between the child's age and the development of these skills. The research was conducted in a kindergarten in the Split-Dalmatia County on a sample of 64 children who were divided into three age groups, namely the younger, middle and older age groups. Seven motor abilities were measured: strength, speed, mobility, coordination, precision, balance and agility. The results of the research, presented and interpreted in tables and graphs, showed that there is progress in the development of motor skills of children with age, that is, the older age group achieved the best results compared to the middle and younger age groups. Also, the results showed that there were no statistically significant differences between the age groups, except in the test that measured mobility. This paper indicates the importance of physical activity of children from an early age for the purpose of their complete development
Obesity of students in primary education
No full textU radu se istražuje sve veći problem pretilosti, koja je postala jedna od najvećih zdravstvenih prijetnji današnjeg društva. U prošlosti, pretilost je bila povezana s ljepotom i visokim društvenim statusom, dok je u suvremenom dobu rezultat sjedilačkog načina života, visokokalorične prehrane i nedostatka tjelesne aktivnosti. Zbog toga je broj pretilih osoba značajno porastao u posljednjih dvadeset godina, a pretilost se sada smatra ozbiljnom bolešću koja uzrokuje razne zdravstvene probleme i skraćuje životni vijek. Posebna pažnja posvećena je pretilosti među djecom i mladima, koji su sve više izloženi visokokaloričnoj hrani i sjedilačkom načinu života. Posljedice pretilosti kod djece su brojne i uključuju povećan rizik od dijabetesa, srčanih bolesti, problema s disanjem, kao i psihološke poteškoće. Uzroci pretilosti su složeni i uključuju genetske, okolišne, društvene i psihološke faktore. Pretilost je često rezultat kombinacije ovih čimbenika, te neravnoteže između unosa kalorija i tjelesne aktivnosti. Rad također naglašava važnost pravilne prehrane i prevencije pretilosti. Pravilna prehrana, koja uključuje unos voća, povrća i cjelovitih namirnica, ključna je za održavanje zdravlja i prevenciju pretilosti. Prevencija pretilosti obuhvaća edukaciju o zdravoj prehrani i tjelesnoj aktivnosti, te podršku obitelji i zajednice u stvaranju zdravih životnih navika. Posebna pažnja posvećuje se primarnoj prevenciji, koja uključuje promicanje zdravih navika od najranije dobi, s ciljem smanjenja rizika od pretilosti i poboljšanja kvalitete života. Zaključno, rad ukazuje na potrebu za sveobuhvatnim pristupom u rješavanju problema pretilosti, uključujući rano otkrivanje, edukaciju, te podršku pojedincima i obiteljima u usvajanju zdravih navika. Prevencija i pravilna prehrana su ključni za smanjenje prevalencije pretilosti i poboljšanje javnog zdravlja.This work researches the growing problem of obesity, which has become one of the biggest health threats in today's society. In the past, obesity was associated with beauty and high social status, while in modern times it is the result of a sedentary lifestyle, high-calorie diet and lack of physical activity. Because of this, the number of obese people has increased significantly in the last twenty years, and obesity is now considered a serious disease that causes various health problems and shortens life expectancy. Special attention is dedicated to obesity among children and young people, who are increasingly exposed to high-calorie foods and a sedentary lifestyle. The consequences of obesity for children are numerous and include an increased risk of diabetes, heart disease, breathing problems, as well as psychological difficulties. The causes of obesity are complex and include genetic, environmental, social and psychological factors. Obesity is often the result of a combination of these factors and an imbalance between calorie intake and physical activity. This work also emphasizes the importance of proper nutrition and obesity prevention. A proper diet, which includes the intake of fruits, vegetables and whole foods, is essential for maintaining health and preventing obesity. Prevention of obesity includes education about healthy eating and physical activity, as well as family and community support in creating healthy lifestyle habits. Special attention is dedicated to primary prevention, which includes the promotion of healthy habits from an early age, with the aim of reducing the risk of obesity and improving the quality of life. In conclusion, the work points to the need for a comprehensive approach to solving obesity problems, including early detection, education, and support for individuals and families in adopting healthy habits. Prevention and proper nutrition are key to reducing the prevalence of obesity and improving public health