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The way good and evil are shown in Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire by J. K. Rowling
No full textRazvoj morala kod djeteta važan je, jer utječe na njegovo ponašanje, sustav vrijednosti i način razmišljanja. Najvažniji utjecaj na razvoj morala (uz kognitivni razvoj) ima djetetova okolina. Jedan od čimbenika okoline s kojim se dijete susreće je i dječja književnost. U prošlosti, u dječjoj književnosti, učenju moralnih vrijednosti pristupalo se isključivanjem zabavnog i dječjeg sadržaja (dječji bontoni). Moderni pristup koristi zabavu i iskustva bliska djetetu da mu se približi, a poruke koje želi podučiti mlade čitatelje suptilno ugrađuje u književno djelo. Svojim djelom Harry Potter i Plameni pehar autorica J.K.Rowling postigla je upravo takvu ravnotežu između faktora zabave i moralnih lekcija. Unatoč skromnim počecima, svojim serijalom knjiga o Harryju Potteru postigla je veliki uspjeh i ostvarila veliki utjecaj na čitatelje širom svijeta. Cilj ovog rada je analizirati na koji je način autorica prikazala dobro i zlo, te kako taj prikaz utječe na čitatelja i njegovo iskustvo. Glavni pokretač radnje u Harryju Potteru i Plamenom peharu je borba između dobra i zla, a glavni simboli te borbe su Harry i Voldemort. Prikaz dobra i zla određen je karakterizacijom likova, prostorom i atmosferom, bojom kao i u načinu prikaza magije. Dobro se veže uz Harryja i njegov odnos s prijateljima, školu Hogwarts, sport i natjecanje, te korištenje magije u dobroj namjeri. Zlo je obilježeno Voldemortom i smrtonošama, te prirodom njihovog odnosa, tamnim znamenom, simbolom zmije i crnom bojom. Dobro i zlo u knjizi su prikazane kao dvije suprotnosti koje su ipak povezane jer bez jedne ne može se spoznati druga, baš kao dva lica iste kovanice. U prikazu odnosa dobra i zla, dobro mora žrtvovati dio sebe da bi prevladalo zlo. Knjiga čitatelja može potaknuti da promisli o važnost hrabrosti i nesebičnosti, ustrajnosti u svladavanju prepreka, te značenju zla i ulozi straha.Moral development in a child is important because it affects his behavior, value system and way of thinking. The most important influence on moral development, along with cognitive development, is the child's environment. Children's literature is one of the environmental factors that a child encounters. In the past, in children's literature, the learning of moral values was approached by excluding fun and children's experience (children's etiquette). The modern approach uses fun and experiences close to the child to get closer to them, and subtly incorporates the messages, it wants to teach young readers, into a literary work. With her work Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire author J.K.Rowling achieved such a balance between the entertainment factor and moral lessons. Despite her humble beginnings, she achieved great success with her series of Harry Potter books and made a great impact on readers around the world. The aim of this paper is to analyze how the author portrayed good and evil, and how that portrayal affects the reader and his experience. The main driver of the plot in Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire is the fight between good and evil, the main symbols of that fight are Harry and Voldemort. Depiction of good and evil is determined by the characterization of characters, space and atmosphere, color as well as the way magic is presented. Good is connected with Harry and his relationship with friends, Hogwarts, sports and competition, and the use of magic in good measure. Evil is marked by Voldemort and the Death Eaters, and the nature of their relationship, by the dark mark, the snake symbol, and the color black. Good and evil in the book are presented as two opposites that are nevertheless connected because one cannot know the one without other, just like two faces of the same coin. In the depiction of the relationship between good and evil, good must sacrifice a part of itself in order to overcome evil. The book can encourage readers to think about the importance of courage and selflessness, perseverance in overcoming obstacles, and the meaning of evil and the role of fear
Spatial design of the institution for early and preschool education
No full textSuvremeno oblikovanje prostora za djecu rane i predškolske dobi podrazumijeva usku suradnju pedagoga s arhitektima budući da je dijete aktivni korisnik ustanove za rani i predškolski odgoj i obrazovanje koja bi trebala imati cjeloukupno uređenje temeljeno na djetetovim potrebama i mogućnostima. Prostornom organizacijom podržava se razvoj djetetovih potencijala u čemu trebaju zajedno sudjelovati ne samo arhitekti i dizajneri, već odgojnoobrazovni djelatnici zbog poznavanja specifičnosti pedagoške struke. Preduvjet konstruiranja adekvatne ustanove za djecu rane i predškolske dobi odnosi se na uključivanje djeteta kao sukonstruktora prostora u kojem svakodnevno boravi. Organizacija i uređenje prostora u kojima djeca borave treba biti temeljeno na svim normativima i preporukama autora koji su u radu navedeni prema čemu je provedena studija slučaja. Dobiven je uvid u prostorno uređenje ustanove za rani i predškolski odgoj i obrazovanje koji se analizirao prema teorijskom dijelu rada gdje se može uvidjeti da su djetetove razvojne mogućnosti na prvome mjestu.Contemporary design of spaces for early and preschool children implies close cooperation between pedagogues and architects, since the child is an active user of the institution for early and preschool education, which should have an overall arrangement based on the child's needs and capabilities. Spatial organization supports the development of the child's potential, in which not only architects and designers, but also educators should participate due to their knowledge of the specifics of the pedagogical profession. The prerequisite for constructing an adequate institution for children of early and preschool age refers to the inclusion of the child as a co-constructor of the space in which he resides on a daily basis. The organization and arrangement of the space where the children stay should be based on all the norms and recommendations of the author that are listed in the paper, according to which the case study was conducted. An insight into the spatial arrangement of the institution for early and preschool education was obtained, which was analyzed according to the theoretical part of the work, where it can be seen that the child's developmental possibilities are in the first place
Historical Development and Recent Trends of Certain Alternative Pedagogical Conceptions: the Example of Waldorf and Montessori Schools
No full textMnogi su pedagozi tijekom povijesti više ili manje uspješno pokušavali uvesti promjene u odgojno–obrazovni sustav. Najveći zamah ideja reformne pedagogije dobiva na prijelazu dva stoljeća, između 19. i 20. stoljeća. Mnogi su se stručnjaci tada bavili promjenama u školi. Među najistaknutijim osobama tog razdoblja bili su Maria Montessori i Rudolf Steinere. Maria Montessori, prva talijanska ženska liječnica, još se za vrijeme studija medicine zanimala za razvoj djece. Radeći u bolnici susretala se s brojnom djecom s teškoćama, te je kako bi im pomogla, dizajnirala posebne materijale i osmislila metode, koje su donijele napredak. Kasnije je svoje alternativne koncepte isprobala i sa zdravom djecom, najprije vrtićke, a kasnije i školske dobi. Rudolf Steiner, austro–ugarski filozof i pedagog, svoju waldorfsku školu osnovao je kako bi obrazovao djecu radnika tvornice WaldorfAstoria, kasnije se njegova koncepcija proširila Europom. On svoju pedagogiju zasniva na antropozofiji i teozofiji. Koliki trag su ostavili najviše potvrđuje činjenica da je nemoguće govoriti o alternativnoj školi i reformnoj pedagogiji, a da ih se ne spomene.Throughout history, many educators have more or less successfully tried to introduce changes in the educational system. The greatest momentum of the ideas of reform pedagogy gains at the turn of two centuries, between the 19th and 20th centuries. Many experts then dealt with changes in the school. Among the most prominent figures of the period were Maria Montessori and Rudolf Steinere. Maria Montessori, the first Italian female doctor, was already interested in the development of children during her medical studies. By working in the hospital, she met with many children with disabilities, and in order to help them, she designed special materials and devised methods that brought progress. Later, she tried her alternative concepts with healthy children, first preschool and later school age. Rudolf Steiner, Austro-Hungarian philosopher and pedagogue, founded his Waldorf school toeducate the children of Waldorf-Astoria factory workers, later his concept spread throughout Europe. He bases his pedagogy on anthroposophy and theosophy. How much of a mark they have left is most confirmed by the fact that it is impossible to talk about alternative school and reform pedagogy without mentioning them
Miro Gavran's Children's Romance Novels
No full textMiro Gavran autor je dječjih romana Svašta u mojoj glavi, Halo, ljubavi, Kako je tata osvojio mamu, Sretni dani i Zaljubljen do ušiju i drugih. Već iz samih naslova da se nagovijestiti kako je riječ o ljubavnim romanima koji su posljednjih godina sve popularniji u krugu mlade čitateljske publike. U ovom diplomskom radu analizirat će se upravo gore navedeni romani. U uvodnome poglavlju rada detaljnije se opisuje slučaj dječje književnosti kako u svijetu tako i u Hrvatskoj književnosti, u glavnome dijelu rada opisuju se fabule romana, a u završnome dijelu rada opisuju se obilježja Gavranovih romana. Romani koje Miro Gavran namjenjuje najmlađoj čitateljskoj publici; djeci specifični su po njihovoj lakoj čitljivosti, dozi humora, a u ponekim se romanima susrećemo i s dozom tabua koje autor s lakoćom spušta, no, mogli bismo reći i podiže na razinu koji je prilagođen publici za koju je pisan. Autor ne progovara samo o dječjim ljubavnim zgodama, već je često u plan interesa stavljen i pokoji obiteljski, odnosno bračni problem koji tišti mladog protagonista te on uvelike nastoji taj problem riješiti i pomoći na način koji on smatra pravilnim.Miro Gavran is the author of children's novels Everything in my head, Hello, Love, How Dad Won Mom, Happy Days and Loved to the Head and others. Already from the titles itself, it can be hinted that these are romance novels that have become increasingly popular among young readers in recent years. In this thesis, the novels mentioned above will be analyzed. In the introductory chapter of the paper, the case of children's literature both in the world and in Croatian literature is described in more detail, in the main part of the paper, the plot of the novel is described, and in the final part of the paper, the features of Gavran's novels are described. Miro Gavran's novels intended for the youngest readers; for children, they are specific for their easy readability, a dose of humor, and in some novels we also encounter a dose of taboos that the author easily lowers, but, we could say, raises to a level that is adapted to the audience for whom it was written. The author doesn't only talk about children's love affairs, but often a family or marital problem that worries the young protagonist is also included in the plan of interest, and he makes great efforts to solve that problem and help in a way that he considers correct
The role of language games in encouraging listening in preschool children
No full textSluh se tumači kao osjet kojim se uočavaju zvukovi koji se zasnivaju na prijenosu titraja unutar uha te nakon čega slijedi određivanje njihovih značenja. Titraji su uzrokovani zvučnim valovima iz okoline i na kraju procesa prijenosa pretvoreni su u živčane impulse koji putuju dalje prema slušnoj kori velikoga mozga. Osnovni i najjedostavniji element govora jest glas.
Jezične igre smatraju se kao jedno od glavnih suradnika u razvoju govora djece vrtićke i predškolske dobi. U jezične igre ubrajaju se sve igre pri kojima je izražajno sredstvo jezik u svim svojim pojavnostima, a dijele se na igre čitanja i pisanja i na igre slušanja i govorenja (PetiStantić, Velički, 2008). Kako bi učinak jezičnih igara bio pozitivan i uspješan, važan je izbor igre ovisno o djetetovoj dobi. Počevši od najranije dobi, vježbanje i poticanje razvoja jezika je nužno i izrazito bitno kako bi uslijedio razvoj svih drugih dječjih sposobnosti. Uz odgojitelje, veliku ulogu ima pokretanje i uključenje u igru od strane roditelja djeteta jer djetetu su potrebni kao dobar govorno-komunikacijski model i odgovorni su za pružanje pogodnih uvjeta za pravilan izgovor glasova u materinskom jeziku.
Temeljni cilj i svrha ovog rada bilo je ispitati upotrebljuju li odgojitelji diljem Hrvatske jezične igre za poticanje slušanja kod djece predškolske dobi i na koji način ih provode u odgojnim skupinama. Istraživanje je provedeno putem online obrazca – ankete. U njemu je sudjelovalo 72 odgojitelja iz raznih dijelova Hrvatske. Istraživanje je pokazalo da jednaki broj odgojitelja provodi jezične igre 1 - 2 puta tjedno i 3 i više puta tjedno u svojim odgojnim skupinama te svi odgojitelji koriste u radu s djecom jezične igre u raznim oblicima u svrhu poticanja slušanja i pri tome nailaze na neke prepreke pri izvođenju igara.Hearing is interpreted as a sense that detects sounds based on the transmission of vibrations through the inside of the ear, followed by the determination of their meanings. Vibrations are caused by sound waves from the environment and at the end of transmission process, they are converted into nerve impulses that travel further to the auditory cortex of the cerebrum. The basic and simplest element of speech is the voice.
Language games are considered one of the main collaborators in the speech development of kindergarten and preschool children. Language games include all games in which the means of expression is language in all its forms, and they are divided into reading and writing games and listening and speaking games (Peti-Stantić, Velički, 2008). In order for the effect of language games to be positive and successful, it is important to choose a game depending on child’s age. Starting from the earliest age, practicing and encouraging the development of language is necessary and extremely important in order for the development of all other children’s abilities to follow. With educators, the initiation and involvement of the child’s parents in the game plays major role, because the child needs them as a good linguistic - communication model and they are responsible for providing suitable conditions for the correct pronunciation of sounds in the mother tongue.
The main goal and purpose of this paper was to examine whether educators throughout Croatia use language games to encourage listening in preschool children and how they implement them in educational groups. The research was conducted using an online form – a survey. 72 educators from various parts of Croatia participated in it. The research showed that an equal number of educators use language games 1 - 2 times a week and 3 or more times a week in their educational groups, and all educators use language games in various forms in their work with children in order to encourage listening, and in doing so encounter some obstacles when performing games
Analysis of the Preschool Teacher Salary System in the Republic of Croatia
No full textSustav ranog i predškolskog odgoja i obrazovanja (RPOO) u Republici Hrvatskoj prva je stepenica cjeloživotnog razvoja djece i
odraslih. Kao ključni faktor u oblikovanju tog sustava nalaze se odgojitelji. Oni su nosioci kvalitete kurikuluma koji se u njemu provodi, a koji je zadužen za ostvarivanje same vizije RPOO-a. Imajući u vidu kompleksne aspekte dječjeg razvoja (emocionalni, kognitivni, fizički, socijalni) potrebno je osigurati kvalitetno okruženje u kojem će se ti aspekti razvijati. Motivaciju za uspješnost rada u kolektivu RPOO-a čini i sama novčana naknada koju zaposlenici primaju. Ona se, kao i drugi uvjeti rada, u Republici Hrvatskoj uređuje mnogim pravilnicima poput Zakona o radu, Zakona o predškolskom odgoju i obrazovanju, brojnim Uredbama te Kolektivnim ugovorima. Stoga je cilj ovog rada definirati točne uvjete za određivanje plaća odgojitelja i drugih zaposlenika u ustanovama RPOO-a kako bi se dobio uvid u stvarne uvjete isplaćivanja naknada za rad zaposlenika. U radu je prikazano istraživanje o visini osnovne bruto plaće zaposlenika za 11 različitih radnih mjesta u 96 jedinica lokalne samouprave. Podatci potrebni za provođenje istraživanja izvučeni su iz aktualnih zakonskih odredbi i kolektivnih ugovora koji su potpisani između jedinica lokalnih samouprava, sindikata i vrtića. Istraživanjem je utvrđeno kršenje zakonom propisane minimalne visine plaće za svako radno mjesto u ustanovama RPOO-a u većini obrađenih ugovora u odnosu na Uredbu, odnosno Zakon. Uočene su velike razlike među plaćama za isto radno mjesto, kao i postojanje radnih mjesta koji imaju bruto plaću manju od 700 €, što je zakonski minimalni bruto iznos plaće. Isto tako, istraživanje je pokazalo kako skoro 40% JLS-a ne smatra razliku u stručnoj spremi odgojitelja kao bitnu za davanje većeg koeficijenta koji određuje samu visinu plaće.The system of early and preschool education (EPE) in the Republic of Croatia is the first step in the lifelong development of children and adults. Key figures shaping this system are the educators who play a crucial role in maintaining the quality of the curriculum it offers, which is responsible for realizing the vision of EPE itself. Considering the complex aspects of child development (emotional, cognitive, physical, social), it is essential to provide a quality environment for the development of these aspects. Motivation for successful work within the EPE system also includes the financial compensation received by employees. This, along with other working conditions, is regulated in Croatia by numerous regulations, such as the Labor Law, the Law on Preschool Education, various regulations, and collective agreements. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to define precise conditions for determining the salaries of educators and other employees in EPE institutions in order to gain insight into the actual conditions of compensation for employees' work. The paper presents research on the gross basic salaries of employees for 11 different job positions in 96 local government units. The data required for the research were extracted from current legal provisions and collective agreements signed between local government units, unions, and preschools. The research revealed violations of the legally prescribed minimum salary levels for each job position in EPE institutions in most of the analyzed agreements, in relation to regulations and laws. Significant differences were observed in salaries for the same job positions, and there were instances where gross salaries were below €700, which is the legally mandated minimum gross salary. Additionally, the research showed that nearly 40% of local government units do not consider differences in the educational qualifications of educators as significant when determining the coefficients that determine the actual salary levels
The use of picture book in the math enrichment program
No full textTema ovog diplomskog rada je primjena slikovnice na dodatnoj nastavi matematike. U teorijskom dijelu rada nudi se pregled povijesti slikovnice, njezinih funkcija te različitih podjela slikovnice. Također se razmatra uloga i važnost slikovnice u radu s učenicima razredne nastave. Kao jedna od vrsta slikovnica posebno se izdvaja matematička slikovnica te se analiziraju teme matematičkih slikovnica. Rad obuhvaća i prikaz načela u nastavi matematike te kurikuluma nastavnog predmeta Matematike s posebnim naglaskom na prvi razred osnovne škole i dodatnu nastavu.
Matematička slikovnica Brojalica, autorica Julije Donaldson i Sharon-King Chai, korištena je kao baza za aktivnosti provedene unutar radionica za učenike prvih razreda na dodatnoj nastavi matematike. U prvoj fazi osmišljeni su zadatci i nastavni materijali na temelju sadržaja slikovnice Brojalica. U drugoj fazi učenici su u radionicama čitali slikovnicu, diskutirali sa studenticom te rješavali dobivene zadatke. U trećoj fazi, prema prethodno osmišljenom zadatku riječima, učenici su samostalno osmislili ilustracije za vlastitu matematičku slikovnicu. Praćenjem učeničke aktivnosti kroz sve tri faze i analizom novonastale učeničke slikovnice utvrđeno je kako su involvirani učenici bili visoko motivirani za rješavanje zadataka sadržajno vezanih uz matematičku slikovnicu Brojalica, a novonastala slikovnica je kvalitetna matematička slikovnica kojom je moguće ostvariti brojna matematička načela i koja zadovoljava razne funkcije slikovnice. Ovim radom pokazalo se kako je potrebna kreativnost učitelja u organizaciji dodatne nastave matematike da bi se učenike zainteresiralo i dodatno motiviralo za usvajanje matematičkih sadržaja.The topic of this thesis is the use of a picture book in the math enrichment program. The theoretical part of the thesis gives an overview of the history of picture books, its roles and classification. The role and importance of picture books in teaching lower primary students are also discussed. As one of the types of picture books, a mathematical picture book is singled out and the topics of mathematical picture books are analysed. The thesis also includes an overview of the principles in teaching mathematics as well as the mathematics curriculum, with special emphasis on the first year primary school and math enrichment program.
The mathematical picture book Counting Creatures, by Julia Donaldson and SharonKing Chai, was used as the basis for activities carried out within workshops for first grade students in math enrichment program. In the first phase, assignments and teaching materials were designed based on the content of the picture book Counting Creatures. Second phase consisted of workshops where students read the picture book, discussed it with a university student, and solved the given tasks. It was finished by the third phase where, according to a previously designed word assignment, students independently designed illustrations for their own mathematical picture book. Monitoring student activity through all three phases and analysing the newly created student picture book showed that the students involved were highly motivated to solve the tasks related to the mathematical picture book Counting Creatures. In addition, it showed that the newly created picture book is a high-quality mathematical picture book that can achieve numerous mathematical principles and which also satisfies various functions of a picture book. This work has also shown that it takes the creativity of teachers in the organisation of math enrichment program to interest students and further motivate them to adopt mathematical content
Comparison of internal and external staffing of kindergarten principals
No full textInterno kadroviranje strateški je pristup ljudskim resursima u kojem tvrtka radi rukovodeći kadar s ciljem popunjavanja novih radnih mjesta, a pojedinci iz internog okruženja su dobar izbor za to obzirom da već razumiju mnoge aspekte kulture, misije i vrijednosti organizacije u kojoj rade. Eksterno kadroviranje odnosi se na pristup popunjavanju radnih mjesta sa radnom snagom van organizacije koje nisu trenutni zaposlenici. Osoblje izvana može donijeti nove ideje i povećati raznolikost, a neke od prednosti ove strategije su privlačenje više talenata, poboljšanje morala zaposlenika, smanjenje stope fluktuacije osoblja, povećanje stope produktivnosti. Ravnatelji predškolskih ustanova imaju važnu odgovornost u današnjem obrazovnom okruženju. Ravnatelj predškolske ustanove je osoba posvećena njegovanju sigurne, obrazovne atmosfere za sve učenike predškolske dobi. Sama pozicija zahtijeva da vode osoblje i dizajniraju predškolske programe za poticanje zdravog obrazovnog okruženja za djecu. U Republici Hrvatskoj, ravnatelj dječjeg vrtića je poslovodni i stručni voditelj dječjeg vrtića, a bira se na temelju javnog natječaja koji raspisuje upravno vijeće dječjeg vrtića u skladu sa zakonom i statutom. U radu je napravljena usporedba internog i eksternog kadroviranja ravnatelja u vrtićima u Republici Hrvatskoj, a rezultati većine istraživanja pokazuju kako je ipak poželjnije i za zaposlenike i za vrtić kao ustanovu da i ravnatelj dječjeg vrtića bude izabran iz internog okruženja, posebice netko tko je već bio odgojitelj i ima iskustva s djecom.Internal staffing is a strategic approach to human resources in which the company hires management staff with the aim of filling new positions, and individuals from the internal environment are a good choice because they already understand many aspects of the culture, mission and values of the organization in which they work. External staffing refers to the approach of filling positions with labor outside of organizations other than current employees. External staff can bring new ideas and increase diversity, and some of the benefits of this strategy are attracting more talent, improving employee morale, reducing staff turnover rates, increasing productivity rates. Principals of preschool institutions have an important responsibility in today's educational environment. The director of a preschool institution is a person dedicated to fostering a safe, educational atmosphere for all preschool students. The position itself requires leading staff and designing preschool programs to foster a healthy educational environment for children. In the Republic of Croatia, the director of a kindergarten
is the executive and expert manager of a kindergarten, and he is chosen on the basis of a public competition announced by the administrative council of the kindergarten in accordance with the law and statute. The paper compares the internal and external staffing of directors in kindergartens in the Republic of Croatia, and the results of most research show that it is still
preferable for both the employees and the kindergarten as an institution for the director of the kindergarten to be selected from the internal environment, especially someone who has already been educator and has experience with children
The importance of the language development of children of early and preschool age from the perspective of educators
No full textU ovome radu nalazi se prikaz istraživanja O važnosti jezičnog razvoja djece rane i predškolske dobi iz perspektive odgojitelja. Cilj je ispitati i utvrditi stavove odgojitelja te njihove radne navike kada je u pitanju jezični razvoj djece. U teorijskom dijelu radu prikazane su faze dječjeg jezičnog razvoja, predjezična, odnosno neverbalna i jezična faza, odnosno verbalna. Zatim, slijedi opis jezičnih djelatnosti koje dovode do razvoja rane pismenosti, a to su vještine slušanja, govorenja, čitanja i pisanja. Naime, rana pismenost specifična je za djecu rane i predškolske dobi te su brojna istraživanja pokazala da djeca i prije polaska u školu znaju mnogo o pismenosti. Nadalje, ukoliko se kod djece primijeti da teže ovladavaju spomenutim jezičnim vještinama, moguće je da je posrijedi jezična teškoća, a u radu je prikaz nekih od njih: oštećenje sluha, poremećaji izgovora i mucanje. Brojna istraživanja u Europi pokazala su da u prosjeku 25 % djece predškolske dobi ima neki oblik poremećaja u govoru. Međutim, važno je otkriti bilo kakav poremećaj u govoru na vrijeme te tako pravovremeno djelovati, a upravo se u pravovremenom djelovanju očituje uloga odgojitelja. Uz roditelje, velika je odgovornost upravo na odgojitelju, koji bi trebao poticati i usmjeravati dijete na pravilan govorno-jezični razvoj. Upravo iz tog razloga, provedeno je ovo istraživanje te u središtu svog zanimanja ima odgojitelje, odnosno ispituje njihove stavove o jezičnom razvoju djece. Od ispitanika se tražilo da procjene jesu li zadovoljni jezičnim razvojem djece s kojom rade, smatraju li se dobrim jezičnim uzorom djeci, uočavaju li jezične teškoće kod djece, koliko često provode aktivnosti poput čitanja priča, potiču li djecu na izražavanje mišljenja i slično. Analizom prikupljenih odgovora pokazalo se da su odgojitelji svjesni svoje uloge u jezičnom razvoju djece, ali da su isto tako svjesni da im je ponekad potrebna pomoć i da žele više edukacija kako bi što bolje poticali jezični razvoj.This paper presents research The importance of language development of early and preschool children from the perspective of educators. The aim of this study is to examine and determine the attitudes of educators and their work habits when it comes to language development of children. In the theoretical part of the paper, the stages of children's language development are presented, the pre-linguistic, i.e. non-verbal, and the language stage, i.e. verbal. Then there is a description of language activities that lead to the development of early literacy and the skills of listening, speaking, reading and writing. Namely, early literacy is specific for children of early and preschool age, and numerous studies have shown that children know a lot about literacy even before starting school. Furthermore, if it is noticed that children have difficulty mastering the mentioned language skills, it is possible that it is caused by a language difficulty, and the paper presents some of them, hearing impairment, pronunciation disorders and stuttering. Numerous studies in Europe have shown that on average 25% of preschool children have some form of speech disorder. However, it is important to find out what kind of speech disorder there is in time and react in time. Along with the parents, a big responsibility lies with the educator, who should encourage and direct the child to proper speech and language development. It is the reason that this research was conducted, and it focuses on educators and examines their views on children's language development. Respondents were asked to assess whether they are satisfied with the language development of the children they work with, whether they consider themselves a good language role model for children, whether they notice language difficulties in children, how often they carry out activities such as reading stories, whether they encourage children to express their opinions, and the like. The analysis of the collected answers showed that the educators are aware of their role in the language development of children, but that they are also aware that they sometimes need help and that they want more education in order to encourage language development as best as possible
Playing of children in early and preschool age
No full textDječja igra ključna je za djetetovo učenje i spoznaju svijeta oko sebe. Neizmjerno je važno okružiti djecu kako prostorno materijalno tako i socijalno kako bi napredovala u svom rastu i razvoju. Igra značajno utječe na razvoj fine i grube motorike, razvija maštu i kreativnost te interakciju među djecom. Raznim načinima igre djeca jačaju samopouzdanje i lakše kontroliraju emocije. Aktivan angažman tokom igre učinkovito utječe na razvojna postignuća tokom djetinjstva. Iako sva razvojna dostignuća nisu uvijek vidljiva od iznimne su važnosti zbog sveukupnog napretka. Generacijama unazad načini igre su se mijenjali stoga je istraživanje razlike u igranju djece nekada i sada od posebnog značaja. Kako se djeca u suvremenom dobu snalaze u igrama naših starih generacija možemo uvidjeti prilikom ponuđenih aktivnosti unutar odgojno-obrazovnih ustanova. Fotografskim bilježenjem i provođenjem raznih aktivnosti dolazimo do mnogih saznanja koje su vidljive u sadržaju rada. Veliki utjecaj na dječju igru ima upravo okruženje i vrijeme u kojem dijete odrasta shodno tome kroz vrijeme neke igre su nestale. Vraćanjem u prošlost sa sugovornicima starijih generacija dobivena je mogućnost da se dio igara vrati među djecu suvremenog doba. Aktivnosti unutar vrtića isplanirane su po uzoru na igre prošlog stoljeća. Stvaranje poticajnog medija tokom djetinjstva od iznimne je važnosti stoga je od velikog značaja posvećenost roditelja i odgojitelja, a sve u svrhu boljitka dječjeg razvoja. Sve češća ograničenja i sputavanje dječjih nauma dovode do sporijih razvojnih napredaka pogotovo uspoređujući djecu 20-og stoljeća i danas. Istraživanje u vidu ankete dovodi nas do saznanja igre 21. stoljeća i dječjim preferncama tijekom igre. Istraživanje je vođeno dvjema hipotezama te je provedeno među roditeljima jednog vrtića Sisačko-moslavačke županije. Zaključno je u anketi sudjelovalo 154 ispitanika te je istraživanje provedeno u mjesecu rujnu 2023. godine.Children's play is essential for a child's learning and understanding of the world around him. It is extremely important to surround children both spatially, materially and socially in order for them to progress in their growth and development. Children's play significantly affects the development of fine and gross motor skills, develops imagination and creativity and interaction between children. With various ways of playing, children strengthen their self-confidence and control their emotions more easily. Active engagement during playtime effectively affects developmental achievements during childhood. Although all development achievements are not always visible, they are of exceptional importance due to the overall progress. Generations ago, the ways of children’s playing have changed, therefore researching the difference in children's playing in the past and now is particularly important. By taking photographs and carrying out various activities, we came to a lot of knowledge that is visible in the content of this thesis. The environment and the time in which the child is growing up have a great influence on children's play so accordingly, over time, some children’s games have disappeared. By returning to the past with interlocutors of older generations, we got the possibility to return part of the children’s games to the children of the modern era. The activities inside the kindergarten are planned according to the children’s games of the last century. The creation of stimulating media during childhood is extremely important, therefore the dedication of parents and educators is of great importance, all for the purpose of improving children's development. Increasingly frequent restrictions and restraints of children's ideas lead to slower developmental progress, especially when comparing children of the 20th century and today. Research in the form of a survey led us to find out about the children's play of the 21st century and childrens preferences during the playtime. The research was guided by two hypotheses and was conducted among the parents of a kindergarten in Sisačko-moslavačka county. In conclusion, 154 respondents participated in the survey and the research was conducted in the month of September 2023