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Month of birth and outdoor temperature after birth predict childhood atopic diseases in Finland
No full textBackground: Previous evidence on season-of-birth differences in atopic diseases is partially mixed, and the etiology behind them is not well understood. For example, outdoor temperature may be an important modifier of the association but has been previously neglected. Methods: We assess how the month of birth is associated with medication use for atopic diseases at ages 0–15 and how outdoor temperatures after birth modify these associations for 0.55 million Finns born during 1995–2004. We used Finnish register data on purchases of medications used for allergic rhinitis, eczema, asthma, and food allergies. We predicted month-of-birth associations with medication use using extensive controls for observed and unobserved confounders and assessed effect modification by 3-month mean outdoor temperature after birth. Results: Approximately half of the children had at least one purchase of medication used for atopic diseases. For children born in spring or summer, the probability of medication use was moderately lower than for children born in the autumn or winter. Among children born in the autumn or winter, exposure to the coldest outdoor temperatures in the first 3 months of life was associated with a nearly 10-percentage-point increase in the risk for medication use compared with the warmest temperatures. Conclusions: Behind the moderate overall associations between month of birth and childhood atopic diseases, there was notable variation by environmental conditions after birth, with cold weather after birth being particularly harmful. Future studies should assess what specific exposures do the outdoor temperatures affect, and in turn how they affect the development of atopic diseases.Peer reviewe
Perinatal risk factors and disordered eating in children and adolescents
No full textObjective: Studies have reported associations between perinatal factors (obstetric and neonatal factors) and later eating disorder risk. However, previous findings have been partly conflicting. Here, we analyzed associations between perinatal factors and disordered eating in a large cohort of Finnish children and adolescents. Method: The participants were 8- to 14-year-old children and adolescents (N = 11,357) from The Finnish Health in Teens study. Disordered eating was assessed using the Children’s Eating Attitudes Test (ChEAT). Perinatal data were obtained from the Finnish Birth Registry. Perinatal variables were initially analyzed using Chi-square analyses and linear regressions. Variables associated with disordered eating (p 80% of the participants. Results: Of the participants, 56.6% reported disordered eating (ChEAT score ≥ 11) or partial disordered eating (1–10) symptoms. Including maternal BMI in the analyses (n = 1921), higher levels of disordered eating were independently associated with maternal pre-pregnancy BMI (OR 1.07, 95% CI [1.02, 1.12]), maternal smoking during pregnancy (OR 2.64, 95% CI [1.49, 4.68]), urgent or emergency cesarean birth (OR 2.16, 95% CI [1.10, 4.05]). Assisted reproduction was associated with lower levels of disordered eating (OR 0.39, 95% CI [0.20, 0.76]). Discussion: The results suggest that pregnancy and childbirth are vulnerable developmental periods, associated with later eating pathology. Further studies disentangling genetic and environmental mechanisms of associations between perinatal factors and later eating pathology are needed. Level of evidence: Level III, Evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case–control analytic studies.Peer reviewe
Proficiency test 02/2025 : Natural water analyses
No full textThe page 41 has been corrected in the report on 19th of August 2025.Proftest Syke carried out the proficiency test for analysis of chlorophyll a, colour, conductivity, nutrients, pH, suspended solids, and turbidity in natural waters in February-March 2025. In total, there were 32 participants in the proficiency test. Either the calculated concentration or the robust mean, the median or the mean of the reported results was used as the assigned values for the measurands. The overall performance of the participants was evaluated by using z and En scores. In this PT 90% of the results were satisfactory when total deviation of 0.2 pH units for pH values and 5–30% for the other measurands was accepted from the assigned value. Some of the colour results were evaluated by using En scores and 92% of those were satisfactory. Warm thanks to all participants in this proficiency test!Pätevyyskoe 02/2025 : Luonnonvesimääritykset
Proftest Syke järjesti helmi-maaliskuussa 2025 pätevyyskokeen luonnonvesiä analysoiville laboratorioille. Pätevyyskokeessa testattiin kiintoaine, klorofylli a, pH, ravinteet, sameus, sähkönjohtavuus ja väri luonnonvesinäytteistä. Pätevyyskokeeseen osallistui yhteensä 32 laboratoriota. Testisuureiden vertailuarvoina käytettiin joko laskennallista pitoisuutta tai osallistujien tulosten robustia keskiarvoa, mediaania tai keskiarvoa. Osallistujien pätevyyden arviointi tehtiin z- ja En-arvojen avulla. Koko tulosaineistossa oli z-arvoilla arvioituna 90 % hyväksyttäviä tuloksia, kun vertailuarvosta sallittiin pH-määrityksissä 0,2 pH-yksikön ja muissa määrityksissä 5–30 %:n poikkeama. Osa värimääritystuloksista arvioitiin käyttäen En-arvoja ja näistä tuloksista 92 % oli hyväksyttäviä. Kiitos pätevyyskokeen osallistujille
Kroonisen haavan paikallishoito - katse nykykäytäntöihin
No full text• Haavanhoito perustuu haavan etiologian tunnistamiseen ja sen mukaiseen hoitoon unohtamatta kirurgisen hoidon harkintaa. • Paikallishoito on osa laajaa kokonaisuutta, johon kuuluvat potilaan yleisen terveydentilan optimointi ja haavan paranemisen paikallisten esteiden poistaminen. • Hoitotuotteen valinta perustuu haavanhoidon ammattilaisten laatimiin paikallishoitoa ohjaaviin suosituksiin. • Paranemisen pysähtyessä tulee tehdä uusi tilannearvio alkaen haavan diagnoosista.Peer reviewe
Masculinity in Transition: Contrasting the Salaryman Ideal with Irregular Male Identities in Japan
No full textThis thesis explores representations of masculinity in contemporary Japanese media through a comparative analysis of the 2018 film Shoplifters (Japan, dir. Hirokazu Kore-eda) and a selection of Kirin canned coffee television advertisements. Drawing from media studies, masculinity studies, and Japanese cultural studies, the research examines how changing labor structures and shifting social norms are reflected in portrayals of men, fatherhood, and work. The analysis is situated within the broader context of Japan’s post-bubble economic transformation, which has weakened the once-dominant ideal of the salaryman and contributed to the rise of irregular employment, particularly among younger generations.
The study found that the Kirin advertisements reinforce hegemonic masculinity by upholding the image of the committed salaryman, while Shoplifters offers an alternative vision of masculinity shaped by care, emotional intimacy, and economic marginalization. Comparing these two media texts reveals tensions between traditional and emerging masculine roles, particularly in relation to caregiving and employment. These findings suggest that while dominant ideals persist, Japanese media also creates space to question and reimagine male identity in response to social change.
A secondary goal of the thesis is to contribute to the growing field of masculinity studies in the Japanese context, particularly by highlighting underexamined representations of non-regular and precarious masculinities. The findings support the value of using media as a lens through which to understand evolving gender roles and demonstrate how cultural texts can reflect and shape national conversations about identity, work, and belonging
Genomic determinants of therapy response inETV6::RUNX1 leukemia
No full textETV6::RUNX1 leukemia is the second most common subtype of childhood B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). Although it generally has a low relapse risk, a significant proportion of B-ALL relapses occur within this subtype due to its relatively high incidence. Measurable residual disease at the end of induction therapy is a well-established biomarker predicting treatment outcomes, while no genomic biomarkers are routinely applied in clinics. In this study, we used multiomic data from ETV6::RUNX1 leukemias to identify genomic features predictive of therapy response at disease presentation. In the deeply characterized sub-cohort we discovered that fast-responding cases frequently exhibited the APOBEC mutational signature and the gene expression signature of high cell cycle activity. In contrast, rearrangements of IGK genes were more frequent in slow responders. Additionally, response-related mutations were identified in transcriptional regulators and tumor suppressor genes (INTS1, NF1, TP53). Copy number analysis revealed that fast responders harbored more frequent deletions of chr12 p-arm, leading to transcriptomic changes affecting genes associated with induction therapy response (KRAS, FKBP4), while a shorter gain in chr12 was more common in slow responders. The identified genetic and transcriptomic markers of treatment sensitivity pave the way for improved disease classification at presentation, potentially improving clinical outcomes.Peer reviewe
The Backscattering Problem for Time-Dependent Potentials
No full textWe study the inverse backscattering problem for time-dependent potentials. We prove uniqueness and Lipschitz stability for the recovery of small potentials.Peer reviewe
A multi-country outbreak of Salmonella Mbandaka linked to pre-cooked, frozen chicken meat in ready-to-eat products, Finland, 2022 to 2023
No full textEffects of an ACT-based online intervention on university students' psychological flexibility, well-being and study skills
No full textOnline interventions based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), combining psychological flexibility and study skills training, show promise in supporting university students' well-being and studying. However, less is known about the factors behind their effectiveness. This study examines the impact of an ACT-based online intervention on students' well-being and study skills and explores participants' experiences of the intervention and its components based on psychological flexibility processes. Using a mixed-methods approach, the findings show improvements in study skills, psychological flexibility, and emotional and psychological well-being compared to a control group. Students found ACT components and exercises supportive of their wellbeing and learning in varied ways. Reflecting on personal values clarified what mattered in life and studies while practising self-compassion helped reduce self-criticism and accept feelings and thoughts. Mindful presence supported coping with stressful situations, and peer support was seen as a meaningful part of the intervention. The benefits of the intervention were shaped by individual differences, highlighting personal factors that influence how students engage with and benefit from the intervention.Peer reviewe
Impact of different hypertensive disorders of pregnancy on cardiovascular disease risk and all-cause mortality in women with type 1 diabetes
No full textAbstract Objectives Our aim was to assess how pre-eclampsia, gestational hypertension, and chronic (pre-pregnancy) hypertension, compared to no hypertensive disorders during pregnancy, impact development of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in type 1 diabetes (T1D). Methods We included 190 T1D women with median age of 29.4 (interquartile range 26.0–33.3) years at delivery between 1988 and 1994 at the Helsinki University Hospital, and who were later re-examined within the Finnish Diabetic Nephropathy Study. Of these, 43 (22.6%) had had pre-eclampsia, 32 (16.8%) gestational hypertension, 20 (10.5%) chronic hypertension, and 95 (50.0%) had remained normotensive during the index pregnancy. We retrieved follow-up data on cardiovascular events and mortality from national registries until the end of 2020. Results During a median 27.9 (25.4–30.7) years of follow-up, 46 (24.2%) experienced a composite cardiovascular event and 25 (13.2%) died from any cause. In Cox regression analysis, the risk of a cardiovascular event was increased for chronic hypertension [hazard ratio, HR 3.45 (95% CI 1.25–9.54)], gestational hypertension [HR 3.63 (1.55–8.51)], and pre-eclampsia [HR 5.07 (2.31–11.11)] compared with the non-hypertension group, after adjustment for delivery age and age at T1D onset. The corresponding risk of all-cause mortality was increased for chronic hypertension [HR 3.31 (1.06–10.35)] and pre-eclampsia [HR 2.92 (1.07–7.98)], but not for gestational hypertension [HR 1.26 (0.33–4.85)]. After further adjustment for diabetic kidney disease or diabetic retinopathy as a time-dependent covariate, the association with cardiovascular disease remained for pre-eclampsia and gestational hypertension, while for mortality, none of the associations were significant. Conclusion Hypertension during pregnancy is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events during long-term follow-up in women with T1D, with pre-eclampsia conferring the highest risk. For all-cause mortality, chronic hypertension and pre-eclampsia, but not gestational hypertension, increases the risk of death, yet not independently of diabetic kidney disease. Graphical abstrac