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Carriage of chemicals by sea : harmfulness, prevention of pollution from ships
No full textOnečišćenje mora s brodova predstavlja veliki problem današnjice za more i okoliš. Prijevoz kemikalija more predstavlja veliku opasnost zbog opasnih svojstava tereta koji se prevoze, zbog toga se prijevoz kemikalija morem regulira mnogim konvencijama i kodeksima kako bi se nesreće svele na minimum, te izbjegle ekološke katastrofe koje su se tokom godina dešavale. Najvažnija konvencija koja se tiče zaštite morskog okoliša je MARPOL konvencija. Prilog II MARPOL konvencije regulira pravila za siguran prijevoz kemikalija morem. Gradnja i opremanje brodova za prijevoz kemikalija reguliran je pravilima iz Međunarodnim kodeksom za gradnju i opremanje brodova za prijevoz kemikalija (IBC CODE). Kodeks sadržava zahtjeve za konstrukciju broda, zaštitu ljudi, rukovanje teretom, brodsku opremu.Marine pollution from ships is a major problem today for the sea and the environment. The transport of chemicals by sea poses a great danger because of the dangerous properties of the cargo transported, which is why the transport of chemicals by sea is regulated by many conventions and codes in order to minimize accidents and to avoid environmental disasters that have occurred over the years.. The most important convention concerning the protection of the marine environment is the MARPOL Convention. Annex II to the MARPOL Convention regulates rules for the safe transport of chemicals by sea. The construction and equipping of chemical carriers is regulated by the rules set out in the International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk (IBC CODE). The Code contains requirements for ship construction, , human protection, cargo handling, ship equipment
Container terminal on Zagreb pier
No full textU ovom završnom radu pojašnjavat će se procesi kontejnerizacije, proći će se kroz prednosti i nedostatke tog procesa te će se opisati pametne kontejnere. Istaknuti će se važnost razvoja kontejnerskih brodova kroz generacije i općenito će se opisati kontejnerske terminale. Opisat će se robni tokovi te kako dolazi do istih, te će se definirati međunarodni robni tokovi. Nabrojat ćemo Ten – T koridore, posebno ćemo opisati Mediteranski u koji spada luka Rijeka. Za kraj će se opisati kontejnerski terminal na zagrebačkoj obali, kako se gradio i važnost ceste D403 koja je usko vezana uz terminal.In this paper, processes of containerization will be defined, the advantages and disadvantages of this process will be reviewed, smart containers are going to be described. The importance of the development of container ships through generations will be highlighted and container terminals will be described in general. Commodity flows will be described and how they occur, international commodity flows will be described. We will list the Ten - T corridors, in particular we will describe the Mediterranean corridor to which the port of Rijeka belongs. Finally, the container terminal on the Zagreb pier will be described, how it was built and the importance of the D403 road, which is closely connected to the terminal
Permament data storage technologies
No full textOvaj završni rad temelji se na istraživanju trajne pohrane podataka. U radu će se obraditi princip rada trajnih memorija, način izvedbe memorija, njihova primjena i najznačajnije vrste trajnih memorija. Medija za trajnu pohranu podataka je jedan od najvažnijih elemenata u osobnom računalu. Da nema trajnih memorija ne bi bilo moguće pohraniti operativne sustave, programe, slike, video zapise itd. Razvitkom ove tehnologije kroz vrijeme kapacitet za pohranu je rastao a cijena samih uređaja je padala. Danas postoje različite tehnologije za zapis podataka neke od njih su novije a neke starije koje još uvijek nalaze svoju primjenu.This thesis is based on the research of permanent data storage. The paper will cover the working principle of non-volatile memories, the way memories are made, their application and the most important types of non-volatile memories. Media for permanent data storage is one of the most important elements in a personal computer. If there were no permanent memories, it would not be possible to store operating systems, programs, images, videos, etc. With the development of this technology over time, the storage capacity grew and the price of the devices themselves fell. Today there are various technologies for recording data, some of them are newer and some are older which still find their application
Integration of 5G technologies in traffic
No full textU ovom radu govoriti će se primarno o integraciji 5G mreže u prometu, kako i na koji način je poboljšala promet. Početi ćemo sa povijesti razvoja mobilne komunikacijske mreže, a zatim podrobnije objasniti napretke u 5G mreži nad svojim prethodnicima i potencijalne primjene koje može imati u prometu. Razmotriti ćemo korištenje 5G mreže u prometu na pametnim semaforima i raskrižjima. Razmotriti ćemo primjenu 5G mreže na putničkim brodovima i na avionima. Na kraju, istaknuti ćemo neke pozitivne i negativne strane primjene 5G mreže u prometu i razmotriti potencijalna poboljšanja koja bi 5G mreža mogla dobiti u budućnosti.This paper will talk primarily about the integration of the 5G network in traffic, how and in what way it improved traffic. We will start with the history of the development of the mobile communication network, and then explain in more detail the advances in the 5G network over its predecessors and the potential applications it can have in traffic. We will consider the use of the 5G network in traffic at smart traffic lights and intersections. We will consider the application of 5G networks on passenger ships and airplanes. Finally, we will highlight some positive and negative aspects of the application of the 5G network in traffic and consider the potential improvements that the 5G network could receive in the future
Comparative analasys of antivirus programs
No full textPrimarni cilj ovog istraživanja je provesti sveobuhvatnu procjenu antivirusnih softvera. Ovaj rad ima za cilj istaknuti stalnu prisutnost i stalno razvijajuću prirodu sigurnosnih prijetnji u računalnoj infrastrukturi, naglašavajući potrebu za povećanjem svijesti. Ispitivanjem metoda i tehnika napada, cilj je pokazati kako se prijetnje mogu identificirati, klasificirati i rangirati analizom rizika te omogućujući pravovremene i učinkovite obrambene strategije. Istraživanje je usmjereno na optimizaciju sustava zaštite analizom strukture, učinkovitosti i prikladnosti različitih antivirusnih programa unutar specifičnih računalnih okruženja. Prikazujući ilustrativne primjere, radom se ocjenjuje uspješnost ovih programa. Zaključno, uspoređuje se učinkovitost pojedinih antivirusnih programa za različite vrste zlonamjernih prijetnji te se istražuju i preporučuju optimalna rješenja.The primary objective of this research is to conduct a comprehensive assessment of antivirus software. This study aims to highlight the ongoing presence and ever-evolving nature of security threats in computer infrastructure, emphasizing the need for increased awareness. By examining attack methods and techniques, the goal is to demonstrate how threats can be identified, classified, and ranked through risk analysis, enabling timely and efficient defense strategies. The research focuses on optimizing the protection system by analyzing the structure, effectiveness, and suitability of various antivirus programs within specific computer environments. By presenting illustrative examples, the study evaluates the performance of these programs. In conclusion, the effectiveness of individual antivirus programs is compared across different types of malicious threats, and optimal solutions are explored and recommended
Steel scrap trade and transport
No full textOtpadno željezo je rasuti teret namijenjen za trgovinu i velikog je ekonomskog značaja u svijetu. Trgovina i transport otpadnog željeza zahtijevaju veliku logističku i pravnu uključenost kako bi organizacija cjelokupnog posla bila ostvarena. U radu su uz vrste otpadnog željeza opisani i svi postupci uvoza izvoza i nabrojane vrste transporta te navedeni statistički podaci kojima je predočen značaj trgovine otpadnim željezom u svezi s ekološkim prednostima.Steel scrap is bulk cargo purposed for trade and it has a great economic impact in the world market. Trade and transport of steel scrap demand great scale of logistic and legal involment that result in good organization of the process. In this paper, all types of steel scrap and all actions of import, export and different types of transport, are explained and described. Beyond that, statistic data were given to undermine the importance of the trade in collaboration with ecological benefits
Socially responsible business in the cruising travel market
No full textOvaj rad istražuje koncept društveno odgovornog poslovanja u kontekstu tržišta kružnih putovanja. U radu su obuhvaćene općenite spoznaje vezane za društveno odgovorno poslovanje. Također su obrađena i područja društveno odgovornog poslovanja te njegova uloga u radu poduzeća. Na primjeru brodarskih poduzeća analizira se i utjecaj pandemije COVID-19 na praksu društveno odgovornog poslovanja kruzing kompanija, istražujući kako su se vodeće kompanije prilagodile novonastalim izazovima. U njihovom fokusu se primarno nalazi zaštita zdravlja putnika i osoblja, očuvanje radnih mjesta, odnosima s lokalnim zajednicama, zaštiti okoliša, humanitarnim doprinosima, kriznom upravljanje i edukacija putnika. Naglašava se važnost kontinuirane inovacije i održivosti u kruzing industriji kako bi se osigurao oporavak i napredak u budućnosti.This paper explores the concept of corporate social responsibility in the context of the cruise market. The paper covers general knowledge related to socially responsible business. The areas of socially responsible business and its role in the company's work are also covered. Using the example of shipping companies, the impact of the COVID19 pandemic on the practice of socially responsible business of cruise companies is analyzed, investigating how these companies have adapted to the new challenges. The focus is on passenger and staff health protection, job preservation, relations with local communities, environmental protection, humanitarian contributions, crisis management and passenger education. It emphasizes the importance of continued innovation and sustainability in the cruise industry to ensure recovery and progress in the future
Analaysis of line passenger shipping in Europe : structure, ships, special features
No full textOvaj rad dublje istražuje ključne aspekte linijskog putničkog brodarstva u Europi, pružajući
cjelovit uvid u njegov ustroj, različite tipove brodova i specifičnosti koje ga čine neizostavnim
dijelom europskog putničkog prometa. Linijsko putničko brodarstvo predstavlja oblik
prijevoza koji obuhvaća premještanje putnika i vozila duž definiranih ruta, koristeći različite
vrste brodova kao ključna sredstva prijevoza. Ovaj sustav putovanja oslanja se na raznolike
tipove brodova kako bi zadovoljio različite potrebe putnika. Klasični putnički brodovi
namijenjeni su samo prijevoz putnika i danas se uglavnom koriste na putovanjima manjih
udaljenosti. RO-RO (Roll-On/Roll-Off) putnički brodovi omogućuju prijevoz vozila i putnika
uz brzo ukrcavanje i iskrcavanje, čime doprinose ekonomskom prometu između kopna i otoka.
Putnički brodovi velikih brzina omogućuju brza putovanja između obala različitih država,
čime povezuju različite europske regije na brz i učinkovit način. Osim raznolikih brodova, rad
također istražuje kako linijsko putničko brodarstvo igra ključnu ulogu u povezivanju različitih
europskih regija.This paper delves deeper into the key aspects of liner passenger shipping in Europe, providing
a comprehensive insight into its structure, different types of vessels, and specific features that
make it an integral part of European passenger transportation. Liner passenger shipping
represents a form of transportation that encompasses the movement of passengers, cargo, and
vehicles along predefined routes, utilizing various types of vessels as essential means of
conveyance. This travel system relies on diverse types of vessels to cater to different passenger
and cargo needs. Classic passenger ships are intended only for the transport of passengers and
nowadays they are mainly used for short-distance trips. Roll-On/Roll-Off (RO-RO) passenger
ships enable the transportation of vehicles and passengers with quick loading and unloading
processes, contributing to economic transactions between mainland and islands. High-speed
passenger ships facilitate fast travel between the coasts of different countries, connecting
various European regions in a swift and efficient manner. In addition to the array of vessels,
the study also explores how liner passenger shipping plays a pivotal role in connecting
different European regions
Passenger and driver information system
No full textPovećanjem broja vozila na cestama i stalnim zagušenjima u prometu, porastao je i zahtjev korisnika za boljom informiranosti o prometu i potreba za brzim i ažurnim podacima, te je danas dostupno sve više modernih pristupa i načina za lakša kretanja i organizacije putnika. Informiranje putnika podrazumijeva dostavu pouzdanih informacija o stanju na cestama sa ciljem da se smanji mogućnost nastanka prometnih nezgoda, da se izbjegnu zagušenja na cestama ili da se smanji vrijeme putovanja.
Danas postoji veliki rast i napredak novih tehnologija, pametnih mobitela i aplikacija pa se informiranje putnika znatno unaprijedilo. Putnicima su potrebne informacije dostupne u svako doba dana, a najviše informacija se dobiva putem Interneta. Informirati se mogu prije putovanja – predputno informiranje, i tokom putovanje što predstavlja putno informiranje. U oba slučaja informacije moraju biti ažurirane i dostupne u stvarnom vremenu.With the increase of vehicles on the roads and constant traffic jams, the user's demand for better information about traffic and the need for fast and up-to-date information has also increased, and today more and more modern approaches and ways are available for easier movement and organization of passengers. Informing passengers means delivering reliable information about road conditions with the aim of reducing the possibility of traffic accidents, avoiding congestion on the roads or reducing travel time. Today, we have a great growth and progress of new technologies, smart mobile phones, applications, so the information of passengers has improved significantly. Passengers need information available at any time of the day, and most information is obtained via the Internet and GPS. Information can be obtained before the trip - pre-trip information, and during the trip, which is travel information. In both cases, the information must be updated and available in real time
Modern approaches in ship supply management
No full textMenadžment ima značajnu ulogu i primjenu u svim gospodarskim granama, pa tako i u pomorstvu odnosno brodarstvu. Niti jedno brodarsko poduzeće ne može opstati bez jasne menadžerske strukture odnosno upravljačke strukture, podjele odgovornosti te procesa planiranja, vođenja, organizacije te upravljanja ljudskim potencijalima. Unutar svih procesa provodi se i opskrba brodova hranom i namirnicama te pitkom vodom kako bi posada mogla na adekvatan način obavljati svoje poslovne zadatke, a da se pritom osigura dovoljna količina, raznovrsnost i kvaliteta života na brodovima. Sustavi opskrbe hranom uključuju nekoliko osnovnih faza dostave, obrade, zbrinjavanja i skladištenja hrane uz obvezno vođenje računa o njezinoj ispravnosti i ispravnosti postupka skladištenja kako bi se minimalizirali rizici od trovanja i drugih nepovoljnih učinaka na ljude. Također, u sustavim opskrbe vodom nužno je osigurati dovoljne količine, zdravstvenu ispravnost te sigurne sustave njezina transporta i čuvanja na brodovima.Management has a significant role and application in all economic branches, including maritime and shipping. Not a single shipping company can survive without a clear managerial structure, i.e. management structure, division of responsibilities and the process of planning, leading, organizing and managing human resources. Within all processes, ships are supplied with food and provisions and drinking water so that the crew can perform their business tasks in an adequate manner, while ensuring a sufficient quantity, variety and quality of life on the ships. Food supply systems include several basic stages of delivery, processing, disposal and storage of food with mandatory consideration of its correctness and the correctness of the storage process in order to minimize the risks of poisoning and other adverse effects on people. Also, in water supply systems, it is necessary to ensure sufficient quantities, health safety and safe systems for its transportation and storage on ships