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The importance of tourist passenger flows for the traffic and economic system of the Republic of Croatia
No full textPromet predstavlja važan segment europskih integracija, te utječe na zapošljavanje i gospodarski rast svih država. To je najbrže rastuća industrija u svijetu u posljednje vrijeme. Kao jedna od najbrže rastuće industrije u svijetu promet putnika u ekonomske i neekonomske tj. turističke svrhe bitan je segment svakog gospodarstva u smislu funkcije koju ima te u smislu vrijednosti koju ta djelatnost producira za gospodarstvo. Sukladno tome, osnovni problem istraživanja u ovom radu je analiza specifičnosti formiranja i značaja turističkih tokova putnika za prometni i gospodarski sustav Republike Hrvatske. O značaju turističkih tokova putnika za gospodarski sustav i promet u turizmu govori činjenica da je nemoguće da turizam funkcionira bez putnika i prometa. Sukladno definiranom problemu istraživanja, u ovom se radu analiziraju specifičnosti, elementi i čimbenici formiranja turističkih tokova putnika te stanje i relevantni indikatori turističkih tokova putnika na globalnoj, regionalnoj i nacionalnoj razini. Cilj istraživanja je istaknuti relevantne značajke i čimbenike valorizacije turističkih tokova putnika te značaj turističkih tokova putnika za prometni i gospodarski sustav Republike Hrvatske.Transport represents an important segment of European integration and affects the employment and economic growth of all countries. It is the fastest growing industry in the world in recent times. As one of the fastest growing industries in the world passenger traffic in economic and non-economic i.e. tourism purposes is an important segment of any economy in terms of the function it has and in terms of the value it produces for the economy. Accordingly, the main problem of the research in this paper is the analysis of the specificity of the formation and importance of tourist flows for the transport and economic system of the Republic of Croatia. The importance of tourist flows for the economic system and transport in tourism is evidenced by the fact that it is impossible for tourism to function without passengers and traffic. In accordance with the defined research problem, this paper analyses the specifics, elements and factors of the formation of tourist flows of travellers, as well as the state and relevant indicators of tourist flows of travellers at the global, regional and national level. The aim of the research is to highlight the relevant features and elements of the tourist flows valorisation, as well as tourist flows importance for the transport and economic system of the Republic of Croatia
Database of English words and their Croatian equivalents (2020-2024)
No full textOva baza predstavlja nadogradnju postojeće Baze engleskih riječi i hrvatskih istovrijednica (https://repository.pfri.uniri.hr/islandora/object/pfri%3A2518), nastalu na temelju korpusa prikupljenog u razdoblju između 2014. do 2020. godine (https://repository.pfri.uniri.hr/islandora/object/pfri%3A2156). Za potrebe ove baze izrađen je novi korpus, temeljen na tekstovima objavljenim na hrvatskim web portalima u razdoblju 2020.- 2024. Metode i kriteriji korišteni za izradu prve baze sada su primijenjeni na novome korpusu, čime zajedno ove dvije baze pružaju uvid u uporabu neprilagođenih engleskih riječi u jeziku hrvatskih novinskih portala, njihovih hrvatskih istovrijednica te čestote obiju grupa riječi u ukupnome razdoblju od deset godina
Maintenance and inspections of LNG system on modern container ships
No full textStroži ekološki propisi i napredak tehnologije doveli su do razvoja i upotrebe alternativnih pogonskih goriva u pomorstvu. Ukapljeni prirodni plin postao je glavni izbor kod naručivanja novih brodova na pogon alternativnim gorivima. U ovom diplomskom radu prikazane su komponente i karakteristike sustava goriva ukapljenog prirodnog plina kod modernih kontejnerskih brodova. Opisano je redovno održavanje i pregledi komponenti sustava, te inspekcijski pregledi takvih brodova. Dan je osvrt na dodatne rizike na brodu i pripremu posade.Strict environmental regulations and the advance of technology led to the evolution and use of alternative marine fuels. Liquified natural gas has become a main choice when ordering a new-building vessel powered by an alternative fuel. This master thesis describes the components and main properties of liquified natural gas fuel system. Regular maintenance and inspections of the fuel system, and inspections of such vessels are described. Review of additional risks on board and crew preparation has been given
Geotraffic analyses of passenger flows in liner shipping of Republic of Croatia
No full textPrometni tokovi putnika odnose se na kretanje ljudi i njihove prtljage duž određenih prometnih pravaca, koji iz različitih motiva prometuju do željenog odredišta. Putnički tokovi dijele se prema različitim obrascima kretanja i performansama, ovisno o potrebama putnika, prijevoznom sredstvu te geografskoj udaljenosti koju trebaju prijeći. Linijski pomorsko-putnički promet predstavlja organizirani prijevoz putnika koji se odvija prema unaprijed utvrđenim rutama i voznom redu. U Republici Hrvatskoj, kao i globalno, linijski promet igra ključnu ulogu u gospodarskom razvoju, osiguravajući brz i učinkovit prijevoz putnika i robe. Kako bi se eksplicitno istaknuo problem i ciljevi istraživanja, sukladno navedenom, osnovni cilj ovog istraživanja je analizirati strukturu, dinamiku i prostorni raspored linijskih pomorsko-putničkih tokova kroz prizmu geoprometne analize, s ciljem identifikacije trenutnog stanja te razvojnih potencijala i izazova u daljnjem planiranju linijskog pomorsko-putničkog prometa u Republici Hrvatskoj. Analiza relevantnih indikatora u svezi s problemom i s ciljem istraživanja, temelji se na analizi službenih statističkih pokazatelja, u odnosu na specifičnost praćenja linijskih pomorsko-putničkih tokova prema vrstama linija te prema pomorskim okružjima.Passenger traffic flows refer to the movement of people and their luggage along specific transport routes, driven by various motives to reach their desired destinations. These flows are classified based on different movement patterns and performance criteria, depending on passenger needs, transport modes, and geographical distances. Liner maritime passenger transport represents an organized system of passenger transport that operates on predefined routes and schedules. In Croatia, as well as globally, liner maritime transport plays a crucial role in economic development, ensuring fast and efficient passenger and freight transportation. In order to explicitly highlight the problem and research objectives, and in accordance with the above, the main goal of this research is to analyse the structure, dynamics, and spatial distribution of linear maritime passenger flows through the lens of geographic analysis, with the aim of identifying the current state as well as developmental potentials and challenges in further planning of linear maritime passenger transport in the Republic of Croatia. The analysis of relevant indicators related to the problem and research objectives is based on the examination of official statistical data, considering the specificity of monitoring linear maritime passenger flows by types of lines and by maritime regions
Assessment of the state of ship systems and maintenance planning
No full textOdržavanje brodova od davnina je ključan čimbenik sigurnosti plovidbe, produženja vijeka trajanja plovila i stabilnog poslovanja brodarskih kompanija. Suvremeni zahtjevi za pouzdanošću i sigurnošću doveli su do razvoja raznih strategija održavanja – od korektivnog i preventivnog, do naprednih modela poput TPM, RCM i samoodrživih sustava.
Upravljanje održavanjem više se ne oslanja isključivo na iskustvo posade, već koristi digitalne alate poput AMOS sustava, koji omogućuje planiranje, praćenje i optimizaciju svih održavanja i resursa broda. Takvi sustavi značajno smanjuju zastoje, poboljšavaju učinkovitost i osiguravaju usklađenost s međunarodnim propisima.
Bez obzira na strategiju, kvalitetno i pravodobno održavanje ostaje nužan preduvjet za sigurnu i ekonomičnu plovidbu.Ship maintenance has long been a crucial factor in ensuring navigational safety, extending vessel lifespan, and supporting the stable operation of shipping companies. Modern demands for reliability and safety have led to the development of various maintenance strategies – from corrective and preventive approaches to advanced models such as TPM, RCM, and self-maintaining systems.
Maintenance management no longer relies solely on crew experience, but increasingly utilizes digital tools like the AMOS system, which enables the planning, monitoring, and optimization of all ship maintenance and resource operations. Such systems significantly reduce downtime, improve efficiency, and ensure compliance with international regulations.
Regardless of the chosen strategy, timely and high-quality maintenance remains an essential prerequisite for safe and cost-effective navigation
Cruise market destinations, shipping lines and development
No full textPredmet ovog završnog rada je prikaz tržišta kružnih putovanja - načina putovanja koje zadnjih par desetljeća postaje sve popularnije u svijetu. Kružna putovanja su spoj pomorskog putničkog prometa i turizma. Kruzeri - luksuzni brodovi kojima je osnovna svrha putnicima pružiti luksuzni smještaj, egzotični odmor, bogatu gastronomiju i raznovrsne oblike zabave, a istodobno ih prevesti i dovesti do luka ticanja koje će posjetiti. Pregled destinacija kružnih putovanja po lokacijama, kao i vodećih svjetskih brodara temelj su za izradu statističkih pokazatelja te daljnu analizu. Analiza statističkih pokazatelja o destinacijama i brodarima bitna je pomoć pri sagledavanju problematike odnosno davanju prognoza o mogućnostima daljnjeg razvoja tržišta kružnih putovanja.The subject of this undergraduate thesis is an overview of the cruise travel market – a mode of travel that has become increasingly popular worldwide over the past few decades. Cruises are a combination of maritime passenger transport and tourism. Cruise ships – luxurious vessels whose main purpose is to provide passengers with luxury accommodation, exotic vacations, rich gastronomy, and various forms of entertainment – also serve to transport them to and between the ports they will visit. An overview of cruise travel destinations by location, as well as the leading global cruise lines, forms the basis for compiling statistical indicators and further analysis. The analysis of statistical indicators related to destinations and cruise lines is an important tool for understanding the issues at hand and making forecasts regarding the potential for further development of the cruise travel market
Comparative analysis of the protection of the underwater part of the ship's hull by sacrificial anodes and impressed current
No full textKorozija podvodnog dijela brodskog trupa predstavlja veliki izazov za pomorsku industriju, ugrožavajući sigurnost, strukturalni integritet i ekonomičnost plovila. Ovaj rad istražuje usporednu učinkovitost dviju metoda katodne zaštite: žrtvovanih anoda i narinute struje. Cilj istraživanja je ocijeniti izvedbu, isplativost i praktične aspekte ovih metoda kako bi se pružile smjernice za optimalnu zaštitu brodskog trupa. U vrijeme drvenih brodova koristile su se bakrene ploče koje su pružale zaštitu od obraštaja, dolaskom metalnih brodova počele su se razvijati nove tehnologije zaštite od propadanja.Corrosion of the underwater part of the ship's hull presents a significant challenge to the maritime industry, compromising vessel safety, structural integrity, and cost-effectiveness. This article investigates the comparative effectiveness of two cathodic protection methods: sacrificial anodes and impressed current systems. The objective of the research is to evaluate the performance, cost-effectiveness, and practical aspects of these methods to provide guidance for optimal hull protection. In the era of wooden ships, copper plates were used to provide protection against fouling. With the advent of metal ships, new technologies for preventing deterioration began to develop
Maintance of hydraulic systems
No full textRad se bavi održavanjem hidrauličkih sustava i ključnih komponenti u mnogim
industrijskim procesima. Fokusira se na preventivno i korektivno održavanje, važnost
preciznih mjernih instrumenata te studiju slučaja s Bosch Automation. Rad naglašava da
pravilno održavanje smanjuje rizik od kvarova, produžava vijek trajanja opreme,
poboljšava učinkovitost te smanjuje operativne troškove. Također, istražuje inovacije u
mjernim instrumentima, posebno u kontekstu digitalizacije, i analizira specifične metode
održavanja korištene u Bosch sustavima.The paper discusses the maintenance of hydraulic systems, which are essential
components in many industrial processes. It focuses on preventive and corrective
maintenance, the importance of precise measuring instruments, and a case study with
Bosch Automation. The paper emphasizes that proper maintenance reduces the risk of
failures, extends equipment life, improves efficiency, and lowers operating costs. It also
explores innovations in measuring instruments, particularly in the context of digitalization,
and analyzes specific maintenance methods used in Bosch systems
Energy efficiency of propulsion systems in LNG ships
No full textRad će obuhvatiti i opisati najnovije trendove u pomorskoj industriji usmjerene na smanjenje emisija stakleničkih plinova s brodova, što je postalo ključno pitanje u kontekstu globalnih napora za očuvanje okoliša i borbe protiv klimatskih promjena. Poseban naglasak biti će stavljen na sve širu primjenu prirodnog plina u pomorskom prometu, koji se više ne koristi isključivo na brodovima namijenjenima prijevozu ukapljenog prirodnog plina, već i na drugim vrstama brodova, poput tankera za prijevoz sirove nafte, brodova za prijevoz rasutog tereta, kontejnera i slično. Uporaba prirodnog plina značajno smanjuje emisije ugljikovog dioksida (CO₂) i dušikovih oksida (NOₓ), dok su emisije sumporovih oksida (SOₓ) gotovo neznatne, čime se postiže pozitivan utjecaj na okoliš i ispunjavaju stroži ekološki standardi.
Glavni dio rada biti će usmjeren na detaljnu usporedbu različitih vrsta brodskih propulzijskih sustava s obzirom na njihove performanse i razinu emisija. Analizirati će se brodovi s novim i postojećim tehnologijama za prijevoz ukapljenog prirodnog plina, uz fokus na identificiranje trenutno učinkovitije propulzijske tehnologije s aspekta emisija CO₂ i energetske učinkovitosti. U obzir će biti uzete različite vrste propulzija, uključujući: parno-turbinske sustave, DFDE sustave, dvotaktne sustave poput „ME-GI“ i „X-DF“ te dvotaktne sustave bez izgaranja plinskog goriva. Također, analizirati će se „Sayaringo STaGE“ propulzija.
Usporedba ovih tehnologija temeljiti će se na pokazateljima, uključujući pokazatelje učinkovitosti novih i postojećih brodova (EEDI i EEXI), operativni indikator energetske učinkovitosti (EEOI) na razinama opterećenja propulzije od 80 do 100%, te godišnji indikator intenziteta ugljika (CII). Uz tehničke analize, rad će opisati i relevantne inicijative i regulative Međunarodne pomorske organizacije (IMO) i Europske unije koje se odnose na smanjenje emisija u pomorskom sektoru, smanjenja intenziteta ugljika u operacijama samih brodova te implementaciju novih tehnologija.
Uz tehničke aspekte, rad će također pružiti uvid u mjere i strategije koje brodski operateri i posada mogu implementirati kako bi dodatno smanjili emisije ugljika tijekom svakodnevnih operacija. Biti će prikazani praktični primjeri, poput optimizacije rute, prilagodbe brzine plovidbe, smanjenja potrošnje goriva, itd. Na temelju provedenih analiza i usporedbi, donijet će se zaključci o najperspektivnijim tehnologijama i praksama koje mogu pridonijeti održivijem razvoju pomorskog sektora.The paper will cover and describe the latest trends in the maritime industry aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions from ships, which has become a key issue in the context of global efforts to protect the environment and combat climate change. Special emphasis will be placed on the increasing use of natural gas in maritime transport, which is no longer used exclusively on ships designed for transporting liquefied natural gas but also on other types of vessels, such as crude oil tankers, bulk carriers, container ships, and others. The use of natural gas significantly reduces carbon dioxide (CO₂) and nitrogen oxide (NOₓ) emissions, while sulfur oxide (SOₓ) emissions are almost negligible, resulting in a positive environmental impact and compliance with stricter ecological standards.
The main part of the paper will focus on a detailed comparison of different types of ship propulsion systems in terms of their performance and emission levels. An analysis will be conducted on ships equipped with both new and existing technologies for liquefied natural gas transportation, with a focus on identifying the most efficient propulsion technology currently available in terms of CO₂ emissions and energy efficiency. Various types of propulsion systems will be considered, including steam turbine systems, DFDE systems, two-stroke systems such as „ME-GI“ and „X-DF“, as well as two-stroke systems without gas fuel combustion. Additionally, the „Sayaringo STaGE“ propulsion system will be analyzed.
The comparison of these technologies will be based on indexes such as the efficiency index of new and existing ships (EEDI and EEXI), the operational energy efficiency indicator (EEOI) at propulsion load levels ranging from 80% to 100%, and the annual carbon intensity indicator (CII). In addition to technical analyses, the paper will also describe relevant initiatives and regulations by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and the European Union concerning emission reduction in the maritime sector, carbon intensity reduction in ship operations, and the implementation of new technologies.
Beyond the technical aspects, the paper will also provide insights into measures and strategies that ship operators and crews can implement to further reduce carbon emissions during daily operations. Practical examples will be presented, such as route optimization, speed adjustment, and fuel consumption reduction. Based on the conducted analyses and comparisons, conclusions will be drawn on the most promising technologies and practices that can contribute to the sustainable development of the maritime sector
Comparative Analysis of the Dominant Models of Coastal Guard Structures in Europe with Access to Semi-Enclosed Seas
No full textThe paper presents different models of the organizational functioning of the coast guards of European countries with access to semi-enclosed seas. It analyses the Coast Guards of the Republic of Italy, the Republic of Greece, and the Kingdom of Norway with respect to different functional organizational models. Special attention is paid to the organizational structure and operations of the Coast Guard of the Republic of Croatia. The paper also explores and analyses the management model of the Coast Guard of the Republic of Croatia in the context of operational efficiency in protecting rights and interests in the maritime areas of the research geographical region, the semi-enclosed Adriatic Sea - eastern part. A comparative analysis of the considered coast guards is presented