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Infinitely divisible distributions
No full textCilj rada je fundamentalna teorijska razrada beskonačno djeljivih distribucija. U tu svrhu prvo je definiran pojam beskonačno djeljive distribucije i karakteristične funkcije, uključujući osnovna svojstva i primjere. Prikazani i razmotreni su matematički alati za njihovu konstrukciju koji daju značajne rezultate o samoj njihovoj strukturi. Prikazan je alternativni pristup definiranju beskonačne djeljivosti koristeći se funkcijama izvodnicama. Na primjeru Poissonovog procesa ilustrirana je važnost ove klase za modeliranje stohastičkih procesa sa stacionarnim nezavisnim inkrementima. Proučene su kanonske reprezentacije beskonačno djeljivih karakterističnih funkcija pri čemu se od posebne važnosti ističe Levy-Hinčinov teorem. Analizirana je veza između konvergencije beskonačno djeljivih distribucija i pridruženih Levy-Hinčinovih parova. U završnom dijelu rada predstavljene su stabilne i geometrijski beskonačno djeljive distribucije.The aim of this paper is to provide a fundamental theoretical elaboration of infinitely divisible distributions. For this purpose, the concept of an infinitely divisible distribution and characteristic function is first defined, including basic properties and examples. Mathematical tools for their construction, which yield significant results about their structure, are presented and discussed. An alternative approach to defining infinite divisibility using generating functions is presented. The importance of this class for modeling stochastic processes with stationary independent increments is illustrated using the example of the Poisson process. The canonical representations of infinitely divisible characteristic functions are studied, with particular emphasis on the Levy-Khintchine theorem. The relationship between the convergence of infinitely divisible distributions and the associated Levy-Khintchine pairs is analyzed. In the final part of the paper, stable and geometrically infinitely divisible distributions are presented
Interaction Design in Virtual Reality Applications for Students with Learning Difficulties
No full textRad istražuje ulogu video igara, posebno ozbiljnih igara i tehnologija virtualne stvarnosti, u obrazovanju i rehabilitaciji djece s poteškoćama u učenju. Edukativne video igre obogaćene elementima virtualne stvarnosti motiviraju djecu i utječu na njihov kognitivni, bihevioralni i socijalni razvoj te akademski uspjeh. Iako univerzalni dizajn za sve korisnike ne postoji, istraživanja su izvela smjernice koje olakšavaju prilagodbu igara individualnim potrebama korisnicima s poteškoćama u učenju. Aplikacija opisana u radu temelji se na igri skrivača u trodimenzionalnom virtualnom okruženju te pomaže djeci u učenju prostornih odnosa i vokabulara engleskog jezika. Buduća istraživanja trebala bi se fokusirati na testiranje aplikacije s ciljanom grupom korisnika kako bi se procijenila njezina upotrebljivost.This paper explores the role of video games, specifically serious games and virtual reality technologies, in the education and rehabilitation of children with learning difficulties. Educational video games enriched with virtual reality elements motivate children and influence their cognitive, behavioral, and social development, as well as academic success. Although a universal design for all users does not exist, research has provided guidelines that facilitate the adaptation of games to the individual needs of users with learning difficulties. The application described in the paper is based on a hide-and-seek game in a three-dimensional virtual environment and helps children learn spatial relations and English vocabulary. Future research should focus on testing the application with a targeted group of users to evaluate its effectiveness
Attitudes and motivation of graduates for enrolling computer science studies
No full textOvaj diplomski rad bavi se istraživanjem stavova i motivacije maturanata u Republici Hrvatskoj pri odabiru i upisu na informatičke fakultete. U kontekstu sve veće važnosti informacijsko-komunikacijskih tehnologija (IKT) u suvremenom društvu, rad analizira ključne čimbenike koji utječu na odluku mladih o izboru studija. Istraživanje se oslanja na teorijske osnove o razvoju IKT sektora, obrazovnim programima u Hrvatskoj te motivaciji kao ključnom faktoru u obrazovnom procesu. Cilj istraživanja je bolje razumjeti interes i motive maturanata za studiranje na informatičkim fakultetima, kao i njihovu percepciju važnosti informatičkih znanja u današnjem digitalnom svijetu.This thesis explores the attitudes and motivation of high school graduates in Croatia regarding their choice and enrollment in computer science studies. In the context of the increasing importance of Information and communication technologies (ICT) in modern society, the thesis analyzes the key factors influencing young people's decisions when choosing a field of study. The research is grounded in theoretical foundations on the development of the ICT sector, educational programs in Croatia, and motivation as a crucial factor in the educational process. The aim of the research is to gain a better understanding of the interest and motivations of high school graduates for studying at computer science faculties, as well as their perception of the importance of computer science knowledge in today’s digital world
Characteristics and effects of taurine from energy drinks
No full textEnergijska pića su bezalkoholni napitci namjenjeni povećanju energije i mentalne izvedbe. Jedan od najznačajnijih sastojaka u energijskim pićima odgovoran za njihovu namjenu je taurin. Taurin je 2-aminoetansulfonska kiselina koja u svojoj strukturi sadrži atom sumpora te ne ulazi u sastav proteina, zbog izostanka karboksilne skupine. Ne metabolizira se i nije uključen u glukoneogenezu, stoga ne predstavlja glavni izvor energije. Taurin se u ljudski organizam unosi prehranom, a ponajviše ga ima u ribljem i životinjskom mesu. Taurin je važan čimbenik u smanjenju oksidativnog stresa, regulaciji krvnog tlaka i zaštiti središnjeg živčanog sustava od stresa endoplazmatskog retikuluma.Energy drinks are non-alcoholic beverages designed to increase energy and mental performance. One of the most important ingredients in energy drinks responsible for their purpose is taurine. Taurine is 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid that contains a sulfur atom in its structure, due to the absence of a carboxyl group. It is not metabolized and is not involved in gluconeogenesis, therefore it does not represent the main source of energy. Taurine is introduced into the human body through food, and it is mostly found in fish and animal meat. Taurine is an important factor in reducing oxidative stress, regulating blood pressure and protecting the central nervous system from endoplasmic reticulum stress
Comparison of the Efficiency of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction and Maceration in Extracting Phenolic Compounds from Different Species of the Genus Veronica
No full textU ovom završnom radu ekstrahirani su fenolni spojevi iz tri vrste biljaka roda Veronica (Veronica officinalis, Veronica beccabunga i Veronica austriaca ssp. jacquinii) koristeći klasičnu (maceracija) i naprednu (ultrazvučna ekstrakcija) metodu ekstrakcije, u razrjeđenjima 1:50 i 1:25 te s različitim otapalima (voda, 80%-tni etanol i metanol). Fenoli su biljni spojevi od izuzetne važnosti s raznovrsnim učincima na biljne organizme i šire. Rezultati su pokazali da su organska otapala, osobito metanol, puno učinkovitija od vode, naročito kada se koristi ultrazvučna ekstrakcija. Najbolji rezultati postignuti su s razrjeđenjem 1:50, a metanol je dao najbolje rezultate za sve korištene biljne vrste. Ultrazvučna ekstrakcija pokazuje najbolje rezultate za V. officinalis i V. jacquinii, dok za V. beccabunga maceracija daje bolje prinose. Dobiveni rezultati daju smjernice za daljnja biološka istraživanja fenolnih spojeva izoliranih iz roda Veronica.In this paper, phenolic compounds were extracted from three plant species of the genus Veronica (V. officinalis, V. beccabunga, and V. austriaca ssp. jacquinii) using both classical (maceration) and advanced (ultrasonic extraction) methods, with dilutions of 1:50 and 1:25 and different solvents (water, 80% ethanol, and pure methanol). Phenols are significant plant compounds with diverse effects on plant organisms and beyond. The results showed that organic solvents, especially methanol, are much more effective than water, particularly when ultrasonic extraction is used. The best results were achieved with a dilution of 1:50, and methanol yielded the best results for all plant species tested. Ultrasound extraction shows the best results for V. officinalis and V. jacquinii, while maceration yields better results for V. beccabunga. The obtained results provide guidelines for further biological research on phenolic compounds isolated from the Veronica genus
Analysis of quantum dimers described by modified Lennard-Jones potential
No full textNajpopularniji model potencijala dviju čestica, Lennard-Jonesov (12-6) potencijal, sačinjen je od kratkodosežnog odbojnog dijela te dugodosežnog privlačnog dijela. Ovaj završni rad ispituje kako potencija kratkodosežnog dijela potencijala, koja je u Lennard-Jonesovom potencijalu 12, utječe na karakteristične veličine sustava; energiju i srednju kvadratnu udaljenost. U radu je pokazan univerzalni odnos ovih veličina za različite sustave kvantnih dimera. Schrödingerova jednadžba za ove kvantne sustave nije rješiva analitički pa njenom rješavanju pristupamo numeričkim metodama pogađanja i usklađivanja (shoot and match) te Numerovom metodom. Osim samog iznošenja rezultata priloženo je i detaljno obrazloženje ovih metoda, programskog koda i rješavanja jednadžbe te skaliranja fizičkih veličina radi usporedbe različitih sustava.The most popular two-particle potential model, the Lennard-Jones (12-6) potential, consists of a short-range repulsive part and a long-range attractive part. This thesis examines how the exponent of the short-range part of the potential, which is 12 in the Lennard-Jones potential, affects the characteristic quantities of the system, such as energy and the mean square distance. The study demonstrates the universal relationship of these quantities for different quantum dimer systems. The Schrödinger equation for these quantum systems cannot be solved analytically, so we approach its solution using numerical methods such as the shoot and match method and the Numerov method. In addition to presenting the results, a detailed explanation of these methods, the program code, and the solution of the equation is provided, as well as the scaling of physical quantities for comparing different systems
Analysis of SQL queries execution on different types of relational databases
No full textU ovom radu opisane su glavne karakteristike relacijskih baza podataka, prikazan je postupak stvaranja, te usporedba izvršavanja upita na različitim vrstama relacijskih baza podataka. Također je prikazan razvoj testne aplikacije, te konačni rezultati mjerenja opterećenja sustava i vremena izvršavanja kod obje baze podataka u tabličnom i grafičkom obliku.In this thesis, the main characteristics of relational databases are described, the creation process is presented, and a comparison of query execution on different types of relational databases is presented. The thesis also presents development of the test application and the final results of measuring system usage and database execution time in tabular and graphical form
Plan upravljanja podacima projekt InABioAMP
No full textPlan upravljanja podacima projekt InABioAMP (HRZZ IP-2022-10-8432)
Euclid's fifth postulate in various geometries
No full textPeti Euklidov postulat govori o tome koliko paralelnih pravaca prolazi točkom van zadanog pravca. U Euklidskoj geometriji postoji točno jedan takav pravac, u hiperboličkoj geometriji postoji beskonačno mnogo takvih pravaca, dok se u eliptičkoj geometriji svi pravci sijeku pa paralelni pravci uopće ne postoje u toj geometriji. Cilj ovog rada je proučiti osnovna svojstva ovih triju geometrija, interpretirati Peti postulat u njima te navesti posljedice koje su nastale zbog promjene Petog postulata.The Fifth Euclidean Postulate states how many parallel lines pass through a point outside a given line. In Euclidean geometry, there is one such line; in hyperbolic geometry, there are infinitely many such lines; whereas, in elliptic geometry, all lines intersect, so parallel lines do not exist at all in that geometry. The objective of this thesis is to describe the fundamental properties of these three geometries, interpret the Fifth Postulate within them, and show the consequences that have arisen due to the modification of the Fifth Postulate