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Design and Development of Accessible Mobile Applications for Visually Impaired Individuals
No full textU ovom radu prikazana je implementacija funkcionalnosti prilagodbe izgleda u mobilnoj aplikaciji s naglaskom na tri ključne komponente: prilagodbu veličine fonta, kontrastnog prikaza i podršku za čitače ekrana. Istraživanje ističe značaj ovih funkcionalnosti u poboljšanju korisničkog iskustva. Korisnicima je omogućeno da odaberu različite opcije veličine fonta, čime se osigurava veća čitljivost sadržaja. Implementacija kontrastnog prikaza omogućava prilagodbu vizualnog sučelja, poboljšavajući pristupačnost za korisnike s smanjenom vidnom oštrinom. Konačno, podrška za čitače ekrana obogaćena je dodatnim atributima koji korisnicima olakšavaju navigaciju i interakciju unutar aplikacije. Ove opcije poboljšavaju ukupno korisničko iskustvo.This thesis discuss the implementation of the layout customization functionality in a mobile application with an emphasis on three key components: font size customization, display contrast, and support for screen readers. The research highlights the importance of these functionalities in improving the user experience. Users can choose different font size options, thus ensuring greater readability of the content. The implementation of a contrast display enables customization of the visual interface, improving accessibility for users with reduced visual acuity. Finally, support for screen readers has been enhanced with additional attributes that make it easier for users to navigate and interact within the application. These options improve the overall user experience
Autograders for Python
No full textOvaj rad bavi se razvojem i primjenom automatiziranog sustava za ocjenjivanje programskih zadataka, poznatog kao autograder. Autograder je implementiran korištenjem Python programskog jezika i Flask web okvira, te pruža platformu za automatsku evaluaciju studentskih rješenja putem niza definiranih zadataka. Rad započinje uvodom u koncept autograderskih sustava, njihovom funkcionalnošću i značajem u obrazovanju, s posebnim naglaskom na prednosti i izazove u usporedbi s tradicionalnim metodama ocjenjivanja. Jedan od ključnih dijelova rada posvećen je tehničkoj implementaciji autogradera. Detaljno su opisane komponente sustava, uključujući korisničko sučelje, mehanizme za testiranje rješenja te načini na koje se rezultati prikazuju studentima. Pored same implementacije, rad se osvrće na važnost odabira tehnologija, gdje su istaknute prednosti korištenja Python programskog jezika i Flask okvira. Navedene su detaljne upute za instalaciju i korištenje sustava, kako bi čitatelji mogli replicirati ili dalje razviti autograder. U zaključku, diskutira se o budućem razvoju autogradera, mogućnostima njegove nadogradnje i uvođenju novih funkcionalnosti poput prepoznavanja stilskih grešaka u kodu. Također su istaknute prednosti sustava, poput brzine i preciznosti ocjenjivanja, ali i slabosti, među kojima je ograničena fleksibilnost u prepoznavanju alternativnih rješenja. Unatoč tim izazovima, autograderi predstavljaju važan korak naprijed u modernizaciji obrazovnog procesa u području računalnih znanosti.This thesis focuses on the development and application of an automated grading system for programming tasks, commonly known as an autograder. The autograder is implemented using the Python programming language and the Flask web framework, providing a platform for the automatic evaluation of student solutions through a series of predefined tasks. The thesis begins by introducing the concept of autograding systems, their functionality, and their significance in education, with particular emphasis on the advantages and challenges compared to traditional grading methods. A key section of the thesis is dedicated to the technical implementation of the autograder. It provides a detailed explanation of the system’s components, including the user interface, mechanisms for testing solutions, and how the results are presented to students In addition to the implementation, the thesis discusses the importance of technology selection, highlighting the benefits of using the Python programming language and the Flask framework. Detailed instructions for installing and using the system are provided, allowing readers to replicate or further develop the autograder. In the conclusion, the future development of the autograder is discussed, exploring possibilities for upgrades and the introduction of new features, such as recognizing coding style errors. The advantages of the system, such as grading speed and accuracy, are highlighted, as well as its weaknesses, including limited flexibility in recognizing alternative solutions. Despite these challenges, autograders represent a significant step forward in modernizing the educational process in the field of computer science
Vrtlozi u stisnutim Bose-Bose kvantnim kapljicama
No full textThis thesis investigates the properties of quantum droplets composed of two hyperfine states of potassium-39, confined along one axis, with a focus on the vortices within these droplets. Using Density Functional Theory for mean-field and Lee-Huang-Yang contributions, the extended Gross-Pitaevskii equation was solved in the rotating frame using imaginary time propagation. A key observation is that the angular momentum per particle of the component with a vortex consistently equals 1ℏ, aligning with theoretical predictions. Additionally, stronger confinement (increased squeezing) results in more self-bound configurations. Notably, the system is more self-bound when the vortex is in the less numerous species, compared to when the vortex is in the more numerous component or in both components, which results in the least binding. Squeezing along the z-axis increases the droplet radius in the xy-plane while reducing its thickness in the xz-plane, and interestingly, does not appear to affect the size of the vortex core. These findings suggest that more confined quasi-2D systems could provide experimentally feasible setups for studying vortices.Ovaj rad istražuje svojstva kvantnih kapljica sastavljenih od dvaju hiperfinih stanja kalija-39, stisnutih duž jedne osi, s naglaskom na vrtloge unutar tih kapljica. Korištenjem teorije funkcionala gustoće za doprinose srednjeg polja i Lee-Huang-Yang doprinose, proširena Gross-Pitaevskii jednadžba riješena je u rotirajućem referentnom sustavu koristeći propagaciju u imaginarnom vremenu. Ključna opažanja pokazuju da je kutna količina gibanja po čestici komponente s vrtlogom dosljedno jednak 1ℏ, što je u skladu s teorijskim predviđanjima. Osim toga, jače stiskanje rezultira samovezanijim konfiguracijama. Značajno je da je sustav više samovezan kada je vrtlog u manje brojnijoj vrsti, u usporedbi s kada je vrtlog u brojnijoj komponenti ili u obje komponente, što rezultira najmanjim vezanjem. Stiskanje duž z-osi povećava radijus kapljice u xy-ravnini, dok smanjuje njezinu debljinu u xz-ravnini, i zanimljivo, naizgled nema utjecaj na veličinu jezgre vrtloga. Dobiveni rezultati sugeriraju da bi jače stisnuti kvazi-2D sustavi mogli biti eksperimentalno izvedivi za proučavanje vrtloga
Genus Veronica - source of phenolic compounfs, their biological activity and application
No full textBiljni rod Veronica, dio porodice Plantaginaceae, obuhvaća brojne vrste koje su poznate po visokom udjelu fenolnih spojeva, skupine specijaliziranih metabolita koje biljke akumuliraju kao odgovor na stres. Provode se brojne studije u kojima se ovi spojevi koncentriraju u obliku ekstrakata putem različitih ekstrakcijskih tehnika, pročišćavaju i determiniraju naprednim analitičkim metodama. Biološka aktivnost fenolnih spojeva proučavana je u različitim kontekstima, uključujući njihovu upotrebu u farmaciji, kozmetičkoj industriji i prirodnom konzerviranju u prehrambenim proizvodima. Fenolni spojevi roda Veronica imaju značajan potencijal u borbi protiv štetnih bakterija te u prevenciji oksidativnog stresa i upalnih procesa, čineći ih zanimljivim kandidatom za daljnje farmakološke i biotehnološke studije.The plant genus Veronica, part of the Plantaginaceae family, includes numerous species known for their high content of phenolic compounds, a group of specialized metabolites that plants accumulate in response to stress. Numerous studies are carried out in which these compounds are concentrated in the form of extracts through various extraction techniques, purified and determined by advanced analytical methods. The biological activity of phenolic compounds has been studied in various contexts, including their use in the pharmaceutical industry, cosmetic industry, and natural preservation in food products. Phenolic compounds of the genus Veronica have significant potential in the fight against harmful bacteria and in the prevention of oxidative stress and inflammatory processes, making them an interesting candidate for further pharmacological and biotechnological studies
Security Implementation and Integration of a MERN Stack Application in Microsoft Azure
No full textCilj ovog rada je opisati sigurnosnu implementaciju i integraciju MERN stack aplikacije u Microsoft Azure, istražiti različite aspekte sigurnosnih zahtjeva i strategija te primijeniti ih na praktičnom primjeru razvoja aplikacije u navedenom okruženju.The aim of this thesis is to describe the security implementation and integration of a MERN stack application in Microsoft Azure, explore various aspects of security requirements and strategies, and apply them to a practical example in the mentioned environment
Phenomenographic Analysis of Students' Perceptions of Goals and Experiences in Learning Object-Oriented Programming
No full textRad istražuje kako studenti percipiraju ciljeve i iskustva u učenju objektno orijentiranog programiranja koristeći fenomenografski pristup. Analizom intervjua i studentskih radova identificirani su različiti načini razumijevanja i pristupa OOP-u, što pruža uvid u njihove stavove, izazove i strategije učenja.The paper explores how students perceive the goals and experiences of learning object-oriented programming using a phenomenographic approach. By analyzing interviews and student work, different ways of understanding and approaching OOP have been identified, providing insights into their attitudes, challenges, and learning strategies. The findings may help improve teaching methods and materials
Niacin biochemistry and effects in dyslipidemia
No full textNiacin, poznat i kao vitamin B3, ključan je za ljudski metabolizam kao prekursor koenzima NAD(H) i NADP(H). Ovi koenzimi sudjeluju u preko 400 enzimskih reakcija, uključujući metabolizam glukoze, masnih kiselina i kolesterola. Niacin se može unositi prehranom ili sintetizirati iz triptofana.Biosinteza NAD+ odvija se kroz de novo sintezu, Preiss-Handlerov put i Salvage put, te recikliranje NAD+ kako bi se održale optimalne razine niacina u stanicama. Nedostatak niacina može uzrokovati pelagru i ostale bolesti s ozbiljnim posljedicama. Niacin se koristi za liječenje dislipidemije, jer snižava LDL-kolesterol i trigliceride te povećava HDL-kolesterol. Iako su moguće nuspojave poput crvenila kože i probavnih smetnji, moderni pripravci s produljenim oslobađanjem smanjuju te nuspojave. Niacin ostaje važan lijek u prevenciji i liječenju kardiovaskularnih bolesti te pokazuje potencijal za širu medicinsku primjenu.Niacin, also known as vitamin B3, is essential for human metabolism as a precursor of the coenzymes NAD(H) and NADP(H). These coenzymes participate in over 400 enzymatic reactions, including the metabolism of glucose, fatty acids, and cholesterol. Niacin can be obtained from diet or synthesized from tryptophan. NAD+ biosynthesis occurs through de novo synthesis, the Preiss-Handler pathway, and the Salvage pathway, as well as NAD+ recycling to maintain optimal niacin levels in cells. Niacin deficiency can lead to pellagra and other serious diseases. Niacin is used to treat dyslipidemia by lowering LDL cholesterol and triglycerides and raising HDL cholesterol. Although side effects such as skin flushing and digestive issues are possible, modern extended-release formulations reduce these effects. Niacin remains an important drug in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases and shows potential for broader medical applications
Cacao - Theobroma cacao L.
No full textVrsta Theobroma cacao L. pripada tropskim biljkama koje žive u uvjetima visoke temperature i vlage. Sadrži veliki broj spojeva, od kojih su najznačajniji polifenoli, alkaloidi i flavonoidi, koji pokazuju jaki antioksidativni učinak. Danas nalazi sve veću primjenu u medicini, zahvaljujući svom pozitivnom djelovanju na krvni tlak, vaskularne bolesti i normalnu funkciju trombocita. Koristi se još od davnih vremena u raznim obredima i kao lijek, a danas je najčešće nalazimo u obliku čokolade. Prilikom obrade i proizvodnje čokolade gubi se dio spojeva iz kakaovca, pa time i zdravstvenih prednosti koje on nudi.The species Theobroma cacao L. belongs to tropical plants that live in conditions of high temperature and humidity. It contains many compounds, the most important of which are polyphenols, alkaloids and flavonoids, which show a strong antioxidant effect. Nowadays has been used, more often, in medicine, thanks to its positive effect on blood pressure, vascular diseases and the normal function of platelets. It has been used since ancient times in various ceremonies and as medicine, and today it is most often found in the form of chocolate. During the processing and the production of chocolate, part of the compounds from the cocoa tree is lost, and thus the health benefits it offers
Implementation of the Rasch model for the computational thinking test evaluation
No full textU suvremenom obrazovanju, važnost računalnog razmišljanja raste, no potrebno je razviti pouzdane alate za njegovo mjerenje. Ovaj rad istražuje razvoj i validaciju testa za procjenu razine računalnog razmišljanja neovisno o programiranju. Cilj je bio izraditi instrument koji precizno mjeri kompetencije računalnog razmišljanja koristeći teoriju odgovora na zadatke (IRT) i Raschov model. Test je primijenjen većinom na srednjoškolcima i studentima, a analizom su utvrđena pitanja koja zahtijevaju reviziju radi poboljšanja unutarnje dosljednosti i preciznosti mjerenja. Raschov model omogućio je detaljan uvid u pouzdanost stavki i njihovu sposobnost diskriminacije različitih razina kompetencija. Istraživanje postavlja temelje za daljnju prilagodbu testa kako bi se postigla optimalna preciznost i valjanost.In contemporary education, the significance of computational thinking is growing, yet there is a need for reliable tools to measure it. This study focuses on the development and validation of a test designed to assess the level of computational thinking independently of programming skills. The aim was to create an instrument that accurately measures computational thinking competencies using Item Response Theory (IRT) and the Rasch model. The test was administered primarily to high school students and university students and the analysis identified items requiring revision to enhance internal consistency and measurement precision. The Rasch model provided a detailed insight into item reliability and their ability to discriminate between different levels of competency. The study lays the groundwork for further test refinement to achieve optimal accuracy and validity
Perception of Privacy and Security Regarding Web Cookies Among Internet Users
No full textU ovom se diplomskom radu istražuje percepcija privatnosti i sigurnosti web kolačića među korisnicima interneta, s ciljem otkrivanja kako korisnici razumiju funkcionalnost kolačića i kako to utječe na njihove stavove prema privatnosti, sigurnosnim praksama i spremnosti za edukaciju. Istraživanje se temelji na anketi provedenoj među 174 ispitanika, podijeljenoj u šest dijelova, koja ispituje razinu razumijevanja kolačića, zabrinutost za privatnost, sigurnosne mjere koje korisnici poduzimaju, preferencije u vezi s transparentnošću i kontrolom kolačića te njihovu spremnost za edukaciju. Također, istražuje stavove ispitanika prema privolama za kolačiće, analizirajući njihovu reakciju na različite tipove privola prikazanih tijekom korištenja interneta. Prikupljeni podaci omogućuju detaljnu analizu korisničkih percepcija i ponašanja te pružaju važne uvide za razumijevanje njihovog odnosa prema web kolačićima i privatnosti na internetu.This thesis explores the perception of privacy and security of web cookies among internet users, aiming to discover how users understand the functionality of cookies and how this affects their attitudes towards privacy, security practices, and willingness to educate themselves. The research is based on a survey conducted among 174 respondents, divided into six sections, which examines the level of understanding of cookies, concerns about privacy, security measures users take, preferences regarding transparency and control of cookies, and their willingness to learn more. It also investigates respondents' attitudes toward cookie consent forms, analyzing their reactions to different types of consent forms displayed during internet use. The collected data provide a detailed analysis of user perceptions and behaviors, offering important insights into their relationship with web cookies and online privacy