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24 460 light-years from Earth
No full textZvjezdani su skupovi nakupine velikog broja zvijezda. Kuglasti su skupovi pravilnog oblika zbog djelovanja gravitacijske sile te se takvi skupovi najčešće nalaze u galaktičkom halou. Zvijezde koje pripadaju istom skupu nastaju u isto vrijeme i imaju neke zajedničke značajke što omogućava identifikaciju članova skupa, a time i određivanje starosti te udaljenosti od Zemlje. Korištenjem teleskopa Celestron Nexstar Evolution 8 i monokoromatske kamere ZWO ASI294MM Pro fotografira se kuglasti skup Messier 5 (M5, NGC 5904), jedan od najstarijih skupova u Mliječnoj stazi. Za određivanje članova skupa M5 koriste se podaci o paralaksi, magnitudi i gibanju skupa sa satelita Gaia te se podaci grafički prikazuju u programu TOPCAT.Stellar clusters are large groups of stars. Globular clusters have a regular shape due to the gravitational force and such clusters are usually found in galactic halos. The stars that belong to the same cluster are formed at the same time and have some features in common which makes it possible to identify the members of the cluster, and thus to determine their age and distance from Earth. The globular cluster Messier 5 (M5, NGC 5904), one of the oldest clusters in the Milky Way, is photographed using the Celestron Nexstar Evolution 8 telescope and monochromatic camera ZWO ASI294MM Pro. The data on parallax, magnitude and motion on the celestial sphere are obtained from the Gaia satellite to determine the members of the cluster M5, and the data graphically viewed in TOPCAT software
Analysis of the questionnaire on teachers' opinions about the implementation of full-day schooling
No full textOvaj rad analizira upitnik koji istražuje percepcije učitelja u eksperimentalnom programu cjelodnevne nastave o radu u cjelodnevnoj nastavi u Hrvatskoj. Cilj istraživanja je analiza upitnika koji istražuje mišljenja nastavnika o cjelodnevnoj nastavi, s posebnim naglaskom na utvrđivanje kvalitete mjernog instrumenta. Namjera je provjeriti strukturu postojećeg upitnika te unaprijediti njegovu valjanost i pouzdanost. U istraživanju je korištena faktorska analiza kako bi se potvrdilo grupiranje čestica prema očekivanim faktorima te osigurala kontekstualna valjanost instrumenta. Osim faktorske analize, prikazana je deskriptivna statistika učiteljskih odgovora. Rezultati su pokazali da su određene čestice inicijalnog upitnika imale nisku faktorsku opterećenost, što je ukazalo na potrebu za prilagodbom ili uklanjanjem. Na temelju rezultata, kreiran je novi upitnik u kojem su izmijenjene pojedine čestice radi postizanja bolje mjerne preciznosti. Unaprijeđena verzija upitnika omogućava pouzdanije mjerenje stavova nastavnika prema cjelodnevnoj nastavi. Deskriptivna statistika je pokazala da nastavnici vide potencijal i prednosti ovakve organizacije nastave, no primjećuju i mnoge nedostatke. Analiza upitnika je potvrdila podjelu tvrdnji i unutarnju povezanost faktora, objasnila one čestice koje sadrže nisko faktorsko opterećenje te rezultirala novim upitnikom za daljnja istraživanja. Ovo istraživanje doprinosi bolje razumijevanje strukture stavova nastavnika te služi kao osnova za eventualna buduća istraživanja o cjelodnevnoj nastavi.This paper analyzes a questionnaire that investigates teachers' perceptions of working in a full-day experimental program in Croatia. The aim of the research is to analyze the questionnaire that examines teachers' opinions on full-day classes, with a particular emphasis on determining the quality of the measurement instrument. The intention is to verify the structure of the existing questionnaire and improve its validity and reliability. Factor analysis was used in the research to confirm the grouping of items according to expected factors and ensure the contextual validity of the instrument. In addition to factor analysis, descriptive statistics of the teachers' responses are presented. The results showed that certain items from the initial questionnaire had low factor loadings, indicating the need for adaptation or removal. Based on the results, a new questionnaire was created in which specific items were modified to achieve better measurement accuracy. The improved version of the questionnaire enables more reliable measurement of teachers' attitudes towards full-day classes. Descriptive statistics indicated that teachers see potential and benefits in such an organization of classes, but also notice many shortcomings. The analysis of the questionnaire confirmed the division of statements and internal consistency of factors, explained items with low factor loadings, and resulted in a new questionnaire for further research. This research contributes to a better understanding of the structure of teachers' attitudes and serves as a basis for potential future research on full-day classes
Perception of self-efficacy among students in Technology Education classes
No full textCilj ovog rada bio je ispitati i analizirati percepciju samoefikasnosti učenika na nastavi Tehničke kulture, odnosno kakvom učenici smatraju svoju samoefikasnost. Analiza se provodila kroz njene tri domene: akademska, socijalna i emocionalna samoefikasnost. Sudionici ovog istraživanja bili su učenici petih, šestih, sedmih i osmih razreda dviju osnovnih škola (N=252). U radu je korišten Upitnik samoefikasnosti za djecu koji je upotpunjen s osnovnim podacima o učenicima (spol, razred i zaključna ocjena iz Tehničke kulture prethodne godine). Upitnik je modificiran na način da su pitanja koja se odnose na nastavu Tehničke kulture stavljena na početak, kako učenici bili svjesniji da se upitnik odnosi na nastavu Tehničke kulture. Dobivenim rezultatima utvrđeno je da učenici odrastanjem, odnosno prelaskom u više razrede, procjenjuju svoju akademsku samoefikasnost nižom. Isto tako postoji i jaka pozitivna korelacija između varijabli zaključna ocjena iz Tehničke kulture prošle godine i akademske samoefikasnosti. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da učenici procjenjuju visokom svoju socijalnu i emocionalnu samoefikasnost dok sa akademskom to nije slučaj. Na satu Tehničke kulture važno je osigurati kvalitetnu razredno-nastavnu atmosferu kako bi učenici bili zadovoljni tijekom nastave i uspješno obavljali svoje zadatke i razvijali svoju samoefikasnost u svim domenama samoefikasnosti.The aim of this thesis is to examine and analyze students' perceptions of self-efficacy in Technical Education classes, specifically how students assess their own self-efficacy. The analysis was conducted across three domains: academic, social, and emotional self-efficacy. The participants in this study were fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth-grade students from two elementary schools (N=252). The study used the Children's Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, which was supplemented with basic information about the students (gender, grade level, and final grade in Technical Education from the previous year). The questionnaire was modified so that the questions related to Technical Education were placed at the beginning, making students more aware that the questionnaire pertains to this subject. The results indicated that as students grow older, specifically when transitioning to higher grades, they tend to evaluate their academic self-efficacy lower. There is also a strong positive correlation between the variable of the previous year's final grade in Technical Education and academic self-efficacy. The findings showed that students perceive their social and emotional self-efficacy to be high, whereas this is not the case with academic self-efficacy. In Technical Education classes, it is essential to ensure a positive classroom environment, allowing students to feel satisfied during lessons and effectively complete tasks while developing their self-efficacy across all domains
Analysis of the Needs of Gifted High School Students in Project Assignments
No full textNastava u Republici Hrvatskoj, kao i u svijetu, često se temelji na prosječnim učenicima, pri čemu su učenici s posebnim potrebama, a posebno daroviti učenici, često zanemareni. Cilj ovog rada je odgovoriti na pitanje o najznačajnijim osobinama nastavnika, učenika i odgojno-obrazovne institucije pri uspješnom izvođenju projektnih zadataka. Na primjeru Bellovog teorema proveden je upitnik koji je poslan svim splitskim školama Republike Hrvatske. Upitnik je preveden na engleski jezik kako bi profesori van Hrvatske mogli sudjelovati pri odgovaranju na upitnik. Ispitanici su trebali poredati osobine po značajnosti, gdje je ocjena „1“ bila najznačajnija osobina. Ispitanici su odgovorili da je atmosfera i povezanost učenika s profesorima najznačajnija osobina, kao i stručnost i priprema nastavnika za projektni rad. Ispitanici su istaknuli važnost učenikovog odnosa s obitelji i njihove motivacije prema rješavanju problema. Projektni zadaci će pripremiti učenike za život, te probleme kada budu radili za znanstvene radove ili u bilo kojem drugom području. Takvi zadaci će im pomoći da steknu kompetentnost u svom profesionalnom svijetu.The educational system is based on average students. The issue lies with the students that are above average, those that are uninterested in the standard curricula and want to learn more about the topic. Project-based assignments are designed to help students gain interest in learning more about the subject and its topics. The analysis was conducted with participants who completed a survey regarding the most significant traits of a student, teacher, and school. The survey said that it’s extremely important to know how to lead the class as well as to motivate students to do their own research on the topics discussed in the project-based assignments. Participants said that one of the key components of the project-based assignments is the knowledge of how to teach. A teacher can be an expert in their field, but their knowledge is only as good as they communicate. Students should be able to find the information on their own, either by going to the library or searching on the Internet. Finding and filtering information is an essential skill in their future endeavors in real life. These tasks will enable the students to think on their own. The problems that they’ll be given once they become scientists will require problem-solving and an excellent understanding of the topic they’re researching
The impact of ADHD on students in technical education
No full textOvaj rad istražuje utjecaj ADHD-a na učenike u nastavi tehničke kulture, s naglaskom na izazove s kojima se suočavaju te strategije za učinkovitu podršku. ADHD, obilježen nepažnjom, hiperaktivnošću i impulzivnošću, može značajno ometati akademski uspjeh i ponašanje u učionici. Studija ističe važnost prilagodbe nastavnih metoda kako bi se odgovorilo na te izazove, pružajući praktične preporuke za stvaranje uključivog obrazovnog okruženja koje zadovoljava potrebe svih učenika u tehničkoj kulturi.This thesis examines the impact of ADHD on students in technical education, focusing on the challenges they face and strategies for effective support. ADHD, characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, can significantly hinder academic performance and classroom behavior. The study highlights the importance of adapting teaching methods to address these challenges, providing practical recommendations for creating an inclusive learning environment that accommodates the needs of all students in technical education
Analysis of teachers' attitudes towards individualized and adapted teaching in computer science classes
No full textS obzirom na povećani broj djece s posebnim potrebama, postavlja se pitanje koliko su učitelji pripremljeni za rad s njima. Cilj ovog rada je upravo ispitati koliko su učitelji informatike bili pripremljeni za rad s učenicima s individualiziranim ili prilagođenim pristupom tijekom fakulteta i na koji način provode nastavu s učenicima s poteškoćama i darovitim učenicima. U istraživanju su sudjelovali učitelji i učiteljice informatike u Republici Hrvatskoj. Rezultati su pokazali da su učiteljice sklonije tome da se uvede dodatna praksa na fakultetu za rad s učenicima s posebnim potrebama, iskusniji učitelji i učiteljice su skloniji stavu da prilagodba nastave otežava rad s ostalim učenicima u razredu i zahtijeva dodatne resurse za pripremu, a većina ih se slaže da nije dovoljno pripremljena za rad s darovitim učenicima i dijele ista mišljenja neovisno o studiju kojeg su završili.Given the increased number of children with special needs, the question arises as to how well-prepared teachers are to work with them. The aim of this study is to examine how well computer science teachers were prepared during their university education and how they conduct classes with students who have difficulties and with gifted students. The research involved computer science teachers in the Republic of Croatia. The results showed that female teachers are more inclined to introduce additional practice at university for working with students with special needs, more experienced teachers are more inclined to believe that adapting lessons makes it more difficult to work with other students in the class and requires additional resources for preparation, and the majority agree that they are not sufficiently prepared to work with gifted students and share the same opinions regardless of the studies they completed
The React Native Framework in Mobile Application Development
No full textCilj ovog rada je prikaz izrade mobilne aplikacije FeelFoodApp. Rad započinje upoznavanjem sa vrstama mobilnih aplikacija te detaljnim objašnjenjem odabira strategije za izradu mobilne aplikacije. U daljnjem dijelu rada pojašnjavaju se vrste okvira za izradu mobilnih aplikacija više-platformskim pristupom razvoja te odabrani React Native okvir. Na kraju rada detaljno je analizirana izrada FeelFoodApp mobilne aplikacije na kojoj se temelji ovaj rad.Aim of this thesis is to present implementation of FeelFoodApp mobile application. Thesis begins with an introduction to the types of mobile applications and a detailed explanation of choosing a strategy for implementing a mobile application. In the further part of thesis, the types of frameworks for implementing mobile applications with a cross-platform development approach and the React Native framework are clarified. At the end of thesis, implementation of the FeelFoodApp mobile application, on which this paper is base, is analyzed in detail
Artificial intelligence in medicine: Integration of deep learning techniques into robotic surgical systems
No full textCilj ovog rada je istražiti i opisati primjenu tehnika dubokog učenja u medicini. Rad se fokusira na objašnjavanje načina na koji duboko učenje može poboljšati prepoznavanje i segmentaciju bolesti, te integraciju toga u robotske kirurške sustave Kroz analizu različitih metoda dubokog učenja, kao što su konvolucijske neuronske mreže, rad istražuje kako ove tehnologije mogu doprinijeti preciznijem i efikasnijem liječenju pacijenata.The aim of this paper is to explore and describe the application of deep learning techniques in medicine. The paper focuses on explaining how deep learning can enhance disease recognition and segmentation, and the integration of this into robotic surgical systems. Through the analysis of various deep learning methods, such as convolutional neural networks, the paper investigates how these technologies can contribute to more precise and efficient patient treatment
Cytotoxic properties of the extract of pubescent oak bee pollen (Quercus pubescens)
No full textPčelinji pelud je sačinjen od cvjetnog peluda, pčelinjih izlučevina, nektara i/ili meda. Može biti heterofloran ili unifloran tj. od više biljnih vrsta ili od samo jedne. U svome sastavu sadrži pregršt primarnih i sekundarnih metabolita koji pokazuju različita bioaktivna svojstva, a jedno od njih je antitumorsko djelovanje u vidu citotoksičnosti. Cilj istraživanja je pripremiti metanolni ekstrakt pčelinjeg peluda hrasta medunca i testirati njegovu citotoksičnost na dvije stanične linije raka (osteosarkoma (U2OS) i raka debelog crijeva (HCT116)). Rezultati pokazuju da određene komponente ekstrakta peluda imaju slabo citotoksično djelovanje na testirane stanične linije i to gotovo jednako kod oba uzorka staničnih linija (U2OS; =22,1117 mg/mL, a za HCT116; =23,9218 mg/mL).Bee pollen is made of flower pollen, bee secretions, nectar and/or honey. It can be heterofloral or unifloral, i.e. from several plant species or from only one. In its composition, it contains a handful of primary and secondary metabolites that present different bioactive properties, and one of them is antitumor activity in the form of cytotoxicity. The aim of the research was to prepare a methanolic extract of pubescent oak bee pollen and test its cytotoxicity on two cancer cell lines (osteosarcoma (U2OS) and colon cancer (HCT116)). The results show that certain components of the pollen extract have weak cytotoxic effects on the tested cell lines, almost equally in both samples of cell lines (U2OS; = 22,1117 mg/mL, and HCT116; =23,9218 mg/mL)
Application of terpenes in medicine
No full textTerpeni su najveća skupina prirodnih spojeva koje uglavnom nalazimo u biljkama kod kojih su glavni sastojak eteričnih ulja. Na temelju broja izoprenskih jedinica od kojih se sastoje dijele se na mono, seskvi, di, tri, tetra i politerpene. Ovi spojevi imaju značajne biološke aktivnosti zbog čega imaju širok raspon medicinskih namjena. Tako su zapaženi antiplazmodijalno djelovanje, antivirusna, antiseptička, protuupalna, antikancerogena, antidijabetička i druga svojstva. Lako difundiraju kroz staničnu membranu kako bi inducirali biološke reakcije, a glavni nedostaci su nestabilnost i slaba topljivost. Tako su novija istraživanja najviše usmjerena ka nanotehnologiji odnosno korištenju nanoisporuke za njihov transport kroz tijelo.Terpenes are the largest group of natural compounds that are mainly found in plants where they are the main constituent of essential oils. Based on the number of isoprene units they consist of, they are divided into mono, sesqui, di, tri, tetra and polyterpenes. These compounds have significant biological activities, which is why they have a wide range of medicinal uses. Anti-plasmodial, antiviral, antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic and other properties have been observed. They easily diffuse through the cell membrane to induce biological reactions, and the main disadvantages are instability and low solubility. Thus, recent research is mostly focused on nanotechnology, i.e. the use of nanodelivery for their transport through the body