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Heat treatment of steel
No full textCilj ovog rada je proučavanje utjecaja različitih postupaka toplinske obrade na tvrdoću AISI 8620 cementiranih zuba zupčanika. U ovom radu provedena je teorijska i eksperimentalna toplinska obrada glavnog zupčanika, zatim ispitivanje tvrdoće u primljenom stanju i toplinski obrađenih zuba zupčanika te mikrostrukturna analiza netretiranih zuba. U teorijskom dijelu rada opisan je glavni zupčani prijenos i njegova svojstva, te su objašnjene toplinske obrade koje su se koristile na ovome zupčaniku u eksperimentalnom dijelu rada. Također, navedeni su čelici koji se koriste za površinske toplinske obrade te je prikazano kako cementiranje utječe na površinu uzorka. Objašnjene su tvrdoće materijala i najčešće metode mjerenje tvrdoće. U eksperimentalnom dijelu provedene su toplinske obrade materijala te su nakon svake obrade uzorci podvrgnuti ispitivanju tvrdoće materijala. Rezultati mjerenja tvrdoće pokazali su da je primjena procesa toplinske obrade značajno utjecala na tvrdoću AISI 8620 zupčanika te da je toplinska obrada kaljenja u ulju ili vodi postigla tvrdoću zubaca od približno 60 HRC, s obzirom da to područje nakon cementiranja ima između 0,8 i 0,9 %C.The objective of this work is to study the effect of different heat treatment processes on the hardness of AISI 8620 carburizing gear teeth. In this study, theoretical and experimental heat treatments were performed on the main gear, followed by hardness testing of the as-received and heat-treated gear teeth, and microstructural analysis of the as-received teeth. The theoretical part of the study describes the main gear transmission, its properties and characteristics, and explains the heat treatments used on this gear in the experimental part of the study. Additionally, steels used for surface heat treatments are mentioned, and the effect of carburizing the surface of the sample is shown. The hardness of materials and the most common hardness measurement methods are explained. In the experimental part, heat treatments of the material were carried out, and after each treatment, the treated samples were subjected to hardness testing. The hardness results showed that the application of heat treatment processes had a significant effect on the hardness of AISI 8620 gear teeth. The results indicate that the heat treatment of tempering in oil or water was carried out to obtain a hardness of approximately 60 HRC in the teeth, considering that this region, after cementation, presents between 0.8 and 0.9 %C
Analysis and objectives of Amos system and its functioning on ships
No full textU radu je analizirana primjena AMOS sustava kao integriranog alata za upravljanje
brodskim operacijama, s posebnim naglaskom na održavanje, upravljanje zalihama, ljudskim
resursima i financijama. AMOS (engl. Asset Management Operating System) sustav omogućuje
brodarskim kompanijama optimizaciju operativnih procesa i smanjenje troškova, dok
istovremeno povećava sigurnost i učinkovitost broda.
Jedna od funkcionalnosti sustava je upravljanje održavanjem, koje omogućuje
preventivno održavanje opreme, čime se smanjuju neplanirani kvarovi i produljuje vijek
trajanja brodskih komponenti. Uz to, AMOS omogućuje praćenje svih aspekata održavanja,
uključujući prijavljivanje kvarova i upravljanje radnim nalozima. Upravljanje zalihama je još
jedna važna komponenta AMOS sustava. Korištenjem ovog modula, brodarske kompanije
mogu pratiti stanje zaliha u realnom vremenu, automatski generirati narudžbe te optimizirati
skladištenje i logistiku.
AMOS sustav također unapređuje upravljanje posadom, omogućujući jednostavnije
planiranje smjena, praćenje radnog vremena, te obuku i certificiranje članova posade.
Osigurava da su svi relevantni certifikati i treninzi ažurirani, čime se povećava sigurnost i
usklađenost s međunarodnim regulativama. Financijsko upravljanje kroz AMOS sustav
omogućuje praćenje troškova u realnom vremenu, izradu financijskih izvještaja i planiranje
budžeta, što omogućuje optimizaciju troškova brodskih operacija. AMOS sustav značajno
poboljšava učinkovitost brodskih operacija kroz automatizaciju procesa, smanjenje operativnih
troškova i povećanje sigurnosti.The paper analyses the application of the AMOS system as an integrated tool for
managing ship operations, with a particular focus on maintenance, inventory management,
human resources, and finances. The AMOS (Asset Management Operating System) system
enables shipping companies to optimize operational processes and reduce costs, while
simultaneously improving the safety and efficiency of the vessel.
One of the system's key functionalities is maintenance management, which facilitates
preventive maintenance of equipment, reducing unplanned failures and extending the lifespan
of ship components. Additionally, AMOS allows tracking of all aspects of maintenance,
including fault reporting and work order management. Inventory management is another
important component of the AMOS system. By using this module, shipping companies can
monitor inventory levels in real time, automatically generate orders, and optimize storage and
logistics.
The AMOS system also enhances crew management, making it easier to plan shifts,
track working hours, and manage crew training and certification. It ensures that all relevant
certifications and training are up to date, thereby improving safety and compliance with
international regulations. Financial management through the AMOS system enables real-time
cost tracking, the creation of financial reports, and budget planning, which allows for cost
optimization of ship operations. The AMOS system significantly improves the efficiency of
ship operations through the automation of key processes, reduction of operational costs, and
increased safety
Development of marine overhead crane relay control circuit
No full textU ovom je radu istaknuta važnost projektiranja upravljačkih sklopova. Cilj ovog diplomskog rada nalazi se u projektiranju shema radi što lakšeg upravljanja strojevima, u ovom slučaju brodskom mosnom dizalicom. S pomoću osigurača, prekidača, sklopki, sklopnika, releja, transformatora i motora (asinkronih) inženjeri su u mogućnosti projektirati i realizirati električne upravljačke sklopove koji uvelike olakšavaju rukovanje raznim velikim strojevima. Koristeći spomenuto, tako su se u ovom radu prikazale i opisale tri sheme za upravljanje brodskom mosnom dizalicom.This diploma thesis emphasizes the importance of designing control circuits. The aim of the research is to design schematics for easier machine control, in this case, a ship's overhead crane. Thanks to fuses, switches, circuit breakers, contactors, relays, transformers, and motors (asynchronous), engineers are able to design and implement electrical control circuits that significantly simplify the operation of various large machines. Using these components, this diploma thesis presents and describes three control schematics for operating a ship's overhead crane
Ergonomic analysis of ECDIS interfaces with focus on navigation awareness and safety
No full textOvo istraživanje bavi se proučavanjem utjecaja ergonomskih principa na radne uvjete pomoraca kroz poboljšanje ergonomije ECDIS sučelja. Provedena je kvantitativna statistička analiza odgovora prikupljenih putem posebno osmišljenog upitnika, čija je pouzdanost potvrđena ponovljenim mjerenjima. Upotrebom višestruke regresijske analize i faktorske analize, istražen je utjecaj različitih ergonomskih faktora na percepciju sigurnosti i učinkovitosti na radnom mjestu. Rezultati ukazuju na značajan pozitivan učinak ergonomskih poboljšanja na svijest o plovidbi i sigurnost, naglašavajući potrebu za stalnim unapređivanjem ergonomskih aspekata u pomorstvu. Ovo istraživanje pruža temelj za daljnje studije i inovacije u području pomorske ergonomije.This research focuses on studying the impact of ergonomic principles on the working conditions of seafarers by improving the ergonomics of the ECDIS interface. A quantitative statistical analysis was conducted using responses collected through a specially designed questionnaire, whose reliability was confirmed through repeated measurements. By applying multiple regression analysis and factor analysis, the influence of various ergonomic factors on the perception of safety and efficiency in the workplace was examined. The results indicate a significant positive effect of ergonomic improvements on navigation awareness and safety, emphasizing the need for continuous enhancement of ergonomic aspects in the maritime sector. This research provides a foundation for further studies and innovations in the field of maritime ergonomics
Thermodynamic analysis of influential parameters for diagnosing the state of ship engine systems
No full textRashladni sustav ključan je za sprječavanje pregrijavanja i održavanja optimalnih radnih uvjeta motora. Termodinamičkim procesima četverotaktnih brodskih dizel motora prikazan je prijenos topline u motoru. Prikazana je distribucija toplinske energije nastale pretvorbom iz goriva Sankey dijagramom. Analizirane su glavne komponente rashladnog sustava Caterpillar C32 motora, uključujući pumpe, izmjenjivače topline i termostate, te su objašnjene njihove funkcije u sustavu. Također su uspoređene različite vrste rashladnih sustava za Caterpillar C32 motor, poput sustava s oplatnim hladnjacima i sustava s izmjenjivačima topline. Pruža se uvid u proračun i dimenzioniranje rashladnog sustava Caterpillar C32 motora. Analizirani su podatci prikupljeni senzorima za praćenje utjecajnih parametara koji se koriste za dijagnostiku i nadzor rashladnog sustava.The cooling system is crucial to prevent overheating and to maintain optimal engine operating conditions. Thermodynamic process of four-stroke marine diesel engines explains the heat transfer in the engine. The distribution of thermal energy created by the conversion from fuel is shown by the Sankey diagram. The major components of the Caterpillar C32 engine cooling system, including pumps, heat exchangers and thermostats, and their functions in the system are analyzed. Comparison was made between different types of cooling systems for the Caterpillar C32 engine, such as keel cooler systems and heat exchanger systems. Insight into the calculation and sizing of the Caterpillar C32 engine cooling system is provided. Sensor data were analyzed to monitor influential parameters used for diagnostics and monitoring of the cooling system
Application of the IUCN global standard to aquaculture
No full textOvaj diplomski rad istražuje primjenu IUCN (engl. International Union for Conservation of Nature) globalnog standarda prirodnih rješenja u akvakulturi. Akvakultura, kao jedan od najbrže rastućih sektora proizvodnje hrane, igra ključnu ulogu u zadovoljenju globalnih potreba za ribom i drugim vodenim organizmima. Međutim, ekološki izazovi povezani s intenzivnim akvakulturnim praksama zahtijevaju inovativne pristupe kako bi se osigurala održivost i očuvanje prirodnih resursa. U radu je prikazano kako se principi rješenja temeljenih na prirodi (engl. Nature-based Solutions, NBS), mogu integrirati u akvakulturnu praksu, te koje su prednosti i izazovi povezani s takvom integracijom. Poseban je naglasak stavljen na IMTA (engl. Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture) sustave.This thesis investigates the application of the IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) Global Standard for Nature Based Solutions in aquaculture. Aquaculture, as one of the fastest growing food production sectors, plays a key role in meeting the global demand for fish and other aquatic organisms. However, the environmental challenges associated with intensive aquaculture practices require innovative approaches to ensure sustainability and the conservation of natural resources. The paper shows the possible integration of Nature-based Solutions (NBS) principles into aquaculture practise and the advantages and challenges associated with such integration. A particular focus is placed on IMTA (Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture) systems
Insurance of the employer's liability according to the seafarers' labor convention
No full textU pomorskom osiguranju od odgovornosti, predmet osiguranja odnosi se na imovinskopravnu odgovornost brodara prema trećim osobama zbog nastale štete. Kao stranke ugovora o osiguranju pojavljuje se osiguratelj, ugovaratelj osiguranja i osiguranik. U osiguranju se jedna osoba može pojaviti u dvije funkcije, ali to mogu biti i različite osobe. Sklapanjem ugovora o osiguranju odgovornosti, osiguranik štiti svoj interes i osigurava se od obveze nadoknade štete koju bi mogao biti obvezan platiti trećoj osobi uslijed vlastite odgovornosti. Ako ugovorom o osiguranju nije naznačeno, pomorskim osiguranjem nije pokrivena odgovornost osiguranika za štete koje su nanesene trećim osobama već je potrebno sklopiti poseban ugovor. Osiguranje odgovornosti brodara općenito, pa i za tjelesne ozljede i repatrijaciju pomorca provede P.&I. klubovi.In marine liability insurance, the subject of insurance refers to the property liability of the shipowner towards third parties due to damage incurred. The parties to the insurance contract are the insurer, the policyholder and the insured. In insurance, one person can appear in two roles, but they can also be different persons. By concluding a liability insurance contract, the insured protects his interest and insures himself against the obligation to compensate for damage that he might be obliged to pay to a third party due to his own liability. If not specified in the insurance contract, marine insurance does not cover the insured's liability for damage caused to third parties; a separate contract must be concluded. Shipowner's liability insurance in general, including for bodily injury and repatriation of seafarers, is carried out by P.&I. clubs
Concept of database in Quality Managment System
No full textPojam kvalitete predstavlja skup postojećih karakteristika koje se odnose na
zadovoljavanje određenih potreba. Kada se govori o upravljanju kvalitetom, primarna misao
koja se javlja jest sama kvaliteta određenog proizvoda ili usluge. U današnjem vremenu,
upravljanje kvalitetom je sve izazovnije i zahtjevnije upravo zbog velike konkurencije na
globalnom tržištu, te iz tog razloga upravljanje kvalitetom je mnogo šira pojava koja
podrazumijeva i sve vanjske čimbenike i procese koji vode do krajnjeg cilja, odnosno točnije
do zadovoljstva kupaca sa određenim proizvodom ili uslugom. Ovaj rad bavi se
istraživanjem ključnih koncepata u upravljanju kvalitetom, uključujući sam pojam kvalitete,
upravljanje kvalitetom, različite metode i alate u području upravljanja kvalitetom kao i
relevantne ISO standarde poput ISO 9000 (Sustavi upravljanja kvalitetom – Temeljna
načela i terminološki rječnik) i ISO 9001 (Sustavi upravljanja kvalitetom – Zahtjevi). U
radu su razmatrani i troškovi kvalitete te kako njihovo smanjenje može poboljšati što veću
produktivnost i efikasnost organizacije. Fokus ovog rada jest upravo kreiranje koncepta baze
podataka, na primjeru digitalizacije dokumenata pomoraca. Ovaj koncept omogućava brži i
bolji pristup traženim podatcima, kod apliciranja pomoraca za posao, a samim time i
smanjenju troškova, rizika i vremena.
Cilj ovog diplomskog rada je predložiti koncept upravljanja bazom podataka
omogućujući sadašnjim i budućim pomorcima jednostavnije i brže apliciranje, te smanjenje
troškova. Primjena ovog koncepta baze podataka pridonosi stvaranju učinkovitijeg sustava
upravljana kvalitetom u pomorskoj industriji čime se postiže bolja konkurentnost na
globalnom tržištu.The concept of quality represents a set of existing characteristics related to meeting
specific needs. When discussing about quality management, the primary thought that comes
to mind is the quality of a particular product or service. In today's times, quality management
is increasingly challenging and demanding, primarily due to intense competition in the
global market. For this reason, quality management is a much broader phenomenon that
encompasses all environmental factors and processes leading to the ultimate goal,
specifically customer satisfaction with a particular product or service. This thesis explores
key concepts in quality management, including the concept of quality itself, quality
management, various methods and tools in quality management, as well as relevant ISO
standards such as ISO 9000 and ISO 9001. The thesis also processes costs of quality and
how reducing them can enhance organizational productivity and efficiency. The focus of this
thesis is precisely on creating a database concept, using the example of digitizing seafarer
documents. This concept would enable faster and better access to the required data when
seafarers apply for jobs, thereby reducing costs, risks, and ultimately, time. The proposed
model for data digitization will facilitate the work of shipping companies, also saving them
valuable time and other expenses.
The goal of this master's thesis is to propose a concept for managing a database,
allowing both current and future seafarers a simpler and quicker application process, as well
as cost reduction. The implementation of this database concept contributes to the creation of
a more efficient quality management system in the maritime industry, enhancing
competitiveness in the global market
Marine propulsion turbine systems
No full textDiplomskim radom su objašnjeni i analizirani turbinski pogonski sustavi na brodovima za prijevoz prirodnog ukapljenog plina LNG te ukapljenih benzinskih plinova LPG. Naveden je povijesni razvoj ugrađivanih pogonskih sustava i kakve su učinak imale za gospodarstvo kao i brodovlasnike koji redovno podliježu sve strožim mjerama za energetsku učinkovitost. Dani su trendovi razvoja turbinskih sustava. Razmotreni su najčešći problemi u pogledu održavanja turbinskih sustava te njegovi tipični kvarovi. Također je detaljno razrađena tehnologija LNG brodova i njihovih pogonskih turbinskih sustava i predložena su moguća poboljšanja koja u početcima proizvodnje inženjerima nisu bila poznata. Izveden je proračun gubitaka turbinskih pogonskih sustava i napravljena je usporedba sa ostalim pogonskim sustavima. Inovacije na tržištu koje su posljedica ljudske želje za stalnim usavršavanjem i očuvanjem ekologije, dovele su do razvoja pogonskih sustava sa radom na alternativna goriva a samim time i plinske turbine koje su našle izvor energije u njima.The thesis explained and analyzed the turbine propulsion systems on ships for the transport of liquefied natural gas LNG and liquefied petroleum gases LPG. The historical development of built-in drive systems and the effect they had on the economy as well as shipowners, who are regularly subject to increasingly strict measures for energy efficiency, are listed. Trends in the development of turbine systems are given. The most common problems regarding the maintenance of turbine systems and their typical failures are considered. The technology of LNG ships and their propulsion turbine systems has also been elaborated in detail, and possible improvements that were not known to engineers at the beginning of production have been proposed. Calculation of losses of turbine drive systems was performed and a comparison was made with other drive systems. Innovations on the market, which are the result of people's desire for constant improvement and preservation of ecology, have led to the development of drive systems that work on alternative fuels, and thus to gas turbines that have found a source of energy in them
Mandatory liability insurance
No full textOvaj rad istražuje kompleksnost pomorskog osiguranja s posebnim fokusom na obveze brodara i osiguranje njihove odgovornosti. Kroz pregled povijesnog razvoja, razmatramo temeljne aspekte ugovora o pomorskom osiguranju, uključujući njegove pravne izvore, bitne elemente te osigurane štete. Posebna pažnja posvećena je različitim oblicima osiguranja, poput osiguranja brodara od odgovornosti i specijaliziranih P.&I. klubova koji nude uzajamno osiguranje. Također, rad analizira obvezno osiguranje u kontekstu zaštite okoliša i sigurnosti putnika i posade. Ovaj rad pruža sveobuhvatan odgovor na pitanja vezana uz osiguranje pomorskih rizika i predstavlja ključne informacije za razumijevanje aktualnih praksi i pravnih zahtjeva u ovom području.This thesis explores the complexities of maritime insurance with a specific focus on shipowner liabilities and their insurance coverage. Through a historical overview, it examines the core aspects of maritime insurance contracts, including their legal sources, essential elements, and covered damages. Special attention is given to various forms of insurance, such as shipowner liability insurance and specialized P.&I. clubs that offer mutual coverage. Additionally, the thesis analyzes mandatory insurance in the context of environmental protection and the safety of passengers and crew. This work provides a comprehensive answer to questions related to maritime risk insurance and offers essential insights into current practices and legal requirements in this field