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Technology for the releas of energy and its exploitation from the sea
No full textPredmet istraživanja ovog diplomskog rada načini su dobivanja energije iz mora na
temelju energije valova te morskih mijena. More je veliki potencijal za dobivanje energije,
a spomenuta morska obilježja imamo uz svaku obalu. Svrha je rada istaknuti koji su to
načini i tehnološka rješenja uređaja i projekata za dobivanje energije te njihov odabir. Cilj
je rada detaljno obraditi uređaje za pretvorbu energije, njihov rad i karakteristike. Uređaje
smo podijelili na način uzimanja energije iz mora te udaljenosti od obale. Principi svakog
uređaja ovise o mjestu instaliranja i načinu konvertiranja energije.The subject of research oh this master´s thesis is the methods of obtaining energy
from the sea based on wave energy and tidal energy. The sea has great energy potential,
and the aforementioned marine features are present at every seacoast. The goal of this
thesis is to emphasize these methods and the technological solutions of facilities/units and
projects/designs for obtaining energy and their selection. The aim of this thesis is to
elaborate in detail energy convertion units, the way they work and their characteristics. The
units are divided by the methods in which they obtain energy and their distance from the
coastline. The principle of each unit depends on its location of instalment and its method of
converting energy
Capacitive sensors in electronics
No full textCilj ovoga rada je predstaviti kapacitivne senzore u elektrotehnici, njihovu široku primjenu u elektrotehnici od mjerenja blizine do mjerenja toka te također i osnove kapacitivnih senzora gdje se mogu vidjeti neke od različitih konfiguracija elektroda koje se koriste za izradu različitih vrsta senzora. Također su opisani su razni senzori koji u sebi koriste kapacitivne senzore.The aim of this work is to present capacitive sensors in electrical engineering, their wide application in electrical engineering from proximity measurement to current measurement and also the basics of capacitive sensors where we can see some of the different electrode configurations used to make different types of sensors. Various sensors using capacitive sensors are also described
Fresh water generators
No full textProizvodnja slatke vode iz morske vrlo je bitan zahtjev na brodovima jer se na njima troše znatne količine slatke vode budući da je ona neophodna za život ljudi i funkcioniranje većeg dijela brodskih uređaja. Koristimo ju za piće, kuhanje, pranje i održavanje različitih pogona. Slatka voda može se pohraniti u tankove u lukama ili proizvesti iz morske vode uklanjanjem soli, a u tu nam svrhu služi generator slatke vode kojim dobivamo destiliranu vodu. Daljnjim pročišćavanjem, tretiranjem i dodavanjem minerala i ostalih otopina dobivamo slatku pitku vodu. U ovom radu obrađeni su generatori slatke vode, jedni od najbitnijih brodskih uređaja.The production of fresh water from the sea is a very important requirement on ships because a significant amount of fresh water is consumed as it is necessary for human life and the functioning of most marine devices. We use it for drinking, cooking, washing and maintaining various plants. Fresh water can be stored in tanks or produced from seawater by removing salt. For this purpose, we use fresh water generator from which we get distilled water. By further purification, treatment and addition of minerals and other solutions we get fresh drinking water. This paper will describe fresh water generators, one of the most important ship devices
Constructional characteristics of ship for passenger transport - ferry Petar Hektorović
No full textSvrha ovog rada je objasniti, navesti i prikazati konstrukcijska obilježja trgovačkih brodova namijenjenih za prijevoz putnika. Brodski prijevoz putnika pripada grani pomorstva koji se u današnjici znatno razvija rezultirano sve većim interesom ljudi. Zbog tih razloga konstrukcija i izvedba takvih brodova mora biti primjerena potrebnoj razini stabilnosti i sigurnosti broda ujedno kao i sigurnost ljudskih života na takvim brodovima. Prvenstveno u ovom radu će biti opisan sam razvoj putničkih brodova kroz povijest te vrste takvih brodova popraćeno detaljnim opisom načina konstruiranja putničkih brodova uz tehničke karakteristike istih. Završni dio rada se odnosi na obradu teme navedenog primjera trajekta.The purpose of this paper is to explain, list and present the construction features of commercial ships intended for passenger transport. Passenger transport belongs to the maritime branch, which is developing significantly nowadays, which resulted in growth of people’s interest. For these reasons, the construction and execution of such ships must be appropriate to the required level of stability and safety of the ship as well as the safety of human life on such ships. Primarily in this paper, the development of passenger ships throughout the history and types of ships will be described, accompanied by a detailed description of the construction methods of passenger ships with their technical characteristics. The final part of the paper refers to the elaboration of the topic of the stated example of a ferry
Dual fuel marine engines
No full textRazvoj tehnologije, kao i rast cijena fosilnih goriva uvjetuje napredak alternativnih opcija pogona. Jedna od njih je i tehnologija motora na dvojno gorivo. Tehnologija dvojnog goriva kod LNG brodova omogućuje korištenje energije plina koja bi se inače gubila i na taj način povećava se iskoristivost i ekonomičnost motora, a bez promjene u performansama. Automatski sustav nadziranja najvažnijih parametara i karakteristika motora omogućuje njegov siguran rad u svim uvjetima, a obradom informacija te usporedbom sa prethodnim vrijednostima se motor optimizira.The development of technology, as well as the growth of fossil fuel prices, enables the advancement of alternative propulsion options, one of which is dual fuel technology. Dual fuel technology allows the use of gas energy that would otherwise be lost and thus increases the efficiency and economy of the engine, without changing the performance. The automatic system for monitoring the most important parameters and characteristics of the engine enables its safe operation in all conditions, and by processing information and comparing it with previous values, it is optimized
The role of the family in the life of a sailor
No full textObitelj je primarna društvena zajednica. Navedena njezina funkcija postojala je tijekom cijele povijesti čovječanstva. Međutim, tijekom povijesti čovječanstva mijenjale su se obiteljske uloge i prava pojedinih članova obitelji. Do danas je obiteljski odnos ostao kao primarni u svakom društvu. Međutim, postoje kulturološke razlike u odnosu među članovima obiteljima. Život pomoraca može se promatrati i u smislu odnosa pomoraca s njihovim obiteljima. Iako tijekom povijesti ovom području nije bila posvećena prevelika pažnja, danas se obiteljski život, posebno u demokratskim društvima, promatra i u kontekstu mogućnosti skrbi pojedinog roditelja za dijete. U tom kontekstu naglašavaju se prednosti suvremenih tehnologija koje olakšavaju prisutnost pomoraca u odgoju svoje djece.The family is the primary social community. Its stated function has existed throughout the history of mankind. However, throughout the history of mankind, the family roles and rights of individual family members have changed. To this day, family relationships have remained as primary in every society. However, there are cultural differences in the relationship between family members. The life of seafarers can also be observed in terms of the relationship of seafarers with their families. Although not much attention has been paid to this area throughout history, today family life, especially in democratic societies, is also viewed in the context of the possibility of an individual parent caring for a child. In this context, the advantages of modern technologies that facilitate the presence of seafarers in the upbringing of their children are emphasized
Lubricants and their application on board
No full textU završnom radu analiziraju se maziva i njihova primjena na brodu. To su kemijske tvari posebnih svojstava koje se koriste za podmazivanje brodskog motora. Te se tvari koriste kako bi se smanjilo trenje, osigurao optimalan rad motora, smanjilo njegovo trošenje, odvela toplina iz motora te spriječila korozija i stvaranje naslaga koje nastaju oksidacijom i drugih kemijskih promjena. Maziva mogu biti ulja i masti. Ulje se koristi za podmazivanje glavnog brodskog motora, cilindara, pomoćnih motora, kompresora zraka te turbopuhala. Ulja se trebaju optimalno koristiti te ih je važno pravilno skladištiti.The final paper deals with the lubricants and their application on board. Lubricants are chemicals with special properties that are used to lubricate a marine engine. These substances are used to reduce friction, ensure optimal engine performance, reduce engine wear, dissipate heat from the engine, and prevent corrosion and the formation of deposits caused by oxidation and other chemical changes. Lubricants can be oils and greases. The oil is used to lubricate the main marine engine, cylinders, auxiliary engines, air compressors and turbochargers. Oils should be used optimally and it is important to store them properly
Asyncaronoks motor control - application of POD propulsion
No full textU ovom radu teoretski su opisani principi rada i struktura suvremenih elektromotornih pogona na brodovima, koji su najčešće temeljeni na asinkronim motorima i frekvencijskim pretvaračima. Elektromotor je važan dio pogona, pretvara električnu energiju u mehaničku. Brzinom vrtnje asinkronog motora može se upravljati promjenom otpora rotora, promjenom iznosa napona napajanja, promjenom broja pari polova i promjenom frekvencije. U završnom dijelu provedena su mjerenja u laboratoriju s elektromotornim pogonom malih snaga kako bi se dao približan ekvivalent asinkronim motorima velikih snaga na brodovima. U radu je snimljen prijelazni proces gdje smo motor promatrali u sedam točaka opterećenja i pratili ponašanje njegovih parametara.This thesis theoretically discusses the operating principles and structure of modern electric motor drives which are mostly based on induction motors and frequency converters. Electric motor is an important part of drives, it converts electric energy into mechanical energy. Speed of asynchronous motor is controlled with changing of rotor resistance, changing the power supply, pole number changing and frequency changing. In the final part, measurements were performed in the laboratory with low-power electric motor drive to give an approximate equivalent to high-power asynchronous motors on ships. In this work we recorded the transition process where we observed the motor at 7 load points and monitored the behaviour of its parameters
Review of pollutants in European Union marine waters with special references to biocides and pesticides
No full textOnečišćenje morskih voda vrlo je opasno, kako za morske ekosustave, tako i za ljudska bića, budući da bez vode ne možemo živjeti. Izvori onečišćenja su razni, ali većina dolazi od različitih aktivnosti s kopna, poput industrijskih postrojenja, poljoprivrede, rudarstva, prometa, itd. Najveći problem tih onečišćenja čine kemikalije koje, ispuštene u površinske, podzemne i na kraju u morske vode, zagađuju vodenu floru i faunu na puno duži period. Kemikalije korištene u poljoprivredi, pesticidi, se razlikuju od ostalih zagađivača budući da su osmišljeni da djeluju protiv drugih organizama, iz tog razloga imaju jako velik učinak na okoliš.Marine water pollution is very dangerous, both for marine ecosystems and for human beings, since we could not survive without water. Sources of pollution are various, but most come from various activities from the mainland, such as industrial plants, agriculture, mining, transport, etc. The biggest problem of these pollutants are chemicals that, released into surface, groundwater and eventually into seawater, pollute aquatic flora and fauna for a much longer period. Chemicals used in agriculture, pesticides, differ from other pollutants in that they are designed to act against other organisms, for this reason they have a very large effect on the environment
Influence of 4-stroke engine change on gass emissions
No full textRad pod gore navedenim naslovom donosi prikaz onečišćenja okoliša ispušnim plinovima s brodova te na poseban način biti će prikazane metode za smanjenje onečišćenja. Porastom onečišćenja ispušnih plinova s brodova porasla je i podignuta razina svijesti o potrebi zaštite okoliša istih plinova. U cilju napretka tehnologije da bi došlo do smanjenja onečišćenja, potrebno je poznavati koji produkti izgaranja proizlaze radom motora, kako nastaju te na koji način utjecati da bi smanjili njihove štetne emisije. Znatan napredak u smanjenju emisija štetnih tvari postignut je kontinuiranim poboljšavanjem tehnika i tehnologija pročišćivanja ispušnih plinova i upotrebom sve kvalitetnijih goriva. O važnosti zaštite mora i morskog okoliša od onečišćenja ispušnih plinova s brodova govori i činjenica da je Međunarodna pomorska organizacija (IMO) donjela propise i regulative kojih se brodovi i platforme moraju pridržavati te svoje poslovanje uskladili s njima.The paper under the above title provides an overview of environmental pollution by exhaust gases from ships and in a special way will be presented methods for reducing pollution. With the increase of pollution of exhaust gases from ships, the level of awareness of the need to protect the environment of the same gases has also increased. In order to advance the technology in order to reduce pollution, it is necessary to know which combustion products result from the operation of the engine, how they are formed and how to influence them to reduce their harmful emissions. Significant progress in reducing emissions has been made through the continuous improvement of exhaust gas purification techniques and technologies and the use of increasingly high-quality fuels. The importance of protecting the sea and the marine environment from ship-source pollution is also evidenced by the fact that the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has enacted regulations and regulations that ships and platforms must comply with and harmonize their operations with them