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Hybrid energy systems
No full textOvaj diplomski rad govori o hibridnim sustavima koji se upotrebljavaju u pomorstvu. U uvodu su navedeni problemi s kojima se susreće pomorstvo vezano za stroge emisije štetnih plinova. Zatim u drugom poglavlju govori o obnovljivim izvorima energije, te skladištenju te iste energije. Treće poglavlje govori o motorima na dvojno gorivo (dual fuel), amonijaku i vodiku kao rješenjima za ovakvu izvedbu motora. Spominju se i gorivni članci te emisije štetnih plinova. U četvrtom poglavlju se dotiče hibridizacije i proizvodnje hibridnih brodova. Uspoređuje klasične i hibridne brodove gledajući njihovu isplativost i iskoristivost, te proračune EEDI-a. Peto poglavlje govori o životnom ciklusu motora i proračunu emisija štetnih plinova. Iskazuje se uloga vodika u procjeni životnog ciklusa u pomorskom prometu. U posljednjem šestom poglavlju govori se o „Caterpillar“ tehnologijama u pomorstvu. Govori se također o njihovim inovacijama vezano za hibridni propulzijski sustav i poboljšanje iskoristivosti brodskog vijka. Opisuje dva sustava GVU i SCR koja pomažu u regulaciji tlaka i u smanjenju emisije štetnih plinova. Na kraju je provedeno ispitivanje emisije NOx-a na putničkom brodu tijekom eksploatacije.This thesis discusses hybrid systems used in maritime. The introduction lists the problems facing maritime affairs related to severe emissions. Then, in the second chapter, he talks about renewable energy sources, and the storage of that same energy. The third chapter talks about dual fuel engines, ammonia and hydrogen as solutions for this type of engine, fuel cells and emissions are also mentioned. The fourth chapter deals with hybridization and production of hybrid ships. He compares classic and hybrid ships looking at their cost-effectiveness and usability, and EEDI calculations. Chapter five discusses the engine life cycle and the calculation of greenhouse gas emissions. The role of hydrogen in life cycle assessment in maritime transport is expressed. The last sixth chapter discusses maritime "Caterpillar" technologies. Their innovations related to the hybrid propulsion system and improving the efficiency of the propeller. It describes two GVU and SCR systems that help regulate pressure and reduce emissions. Finally, a NOx emission test was conducted on the ferry
Analyse of values for ergomics in design of ship and ship's operations
No full textOvim diplomskim radom se ukazuje na vrijednost ergonomije kod dizajniranja brodova i brodskim operacijama koje su sastavni dio eksploatacije svakog broda.
Ergonomija je znanost koja se bavi odnosom čovjeka i strojeva te nastoji uskladiti odnos čovjeka sa predmetima s kojima dolazi u dodir u radnoj okolini.
Danas se mijenja koncepcija rada na brodu, koja je sve više u vidu administracije i nadgledanja samih procesa koje izvode složeni automatizirani sustavi. Sve veća zastupljenost tehnologije i povećanje obujma posla dovodi do zamora članova posade, zato je vrlo važno da se stvori praktična radna sredina. Povećanjem praktičnosti, povećava se i produktivnosti i ekonomičnost samog broda.
Današnji uvjeti rada na brodu su izrazito stresni i zahtjevni, a poboljšanje se može postići samo ukoliko se pri dizajniranju broda, pogotovo navigacijskog mosta i brodske strojarnice, vodimo ergonomskim načelima.This graduate paper highlight the value of ergonomic in vessel design and vessel operations which are consistuent part of every vessel exploitation.
Ergonomic is a science that deals with relationship between people and machine and seeks to harmonize relationship between people and objects in work enviroument.
Conception of the work on today vessel is changing, there is more administration work and supervising of automated system process. The increasing presence of technology and increase of work leads to fatigue of crew members, so it is very important to create practical work environment. By increasing vessel practicality, we increase vessel productivity and economy.
Today, working conditions on modern vessel are very stressfull and demanding, improvement can be brought if we are leading by ergonomic principles in designing vessel, especially navigational bridge and engine room
Lloyd's open form - salvage contract
No full textSpašavanje kao specifični institut pomorskog prava podrazumijeva svaku potrebnu i korisnu uslugu i pomoć pruženu osobama i imovini na moru koji se nađu u opasnosti. Kroz povijes, spašavanje se uvijek odnosilo na spašavanje ljudskih života, broda i tereta, dok u novije vrijeme, spašavanje postoji i kao mjera zaštite okoliša. Za uspješno spašavanje, predviđena je nagrada u visini vrijednosti spašene imovine. To je izraženo načelom no cure – no pay (bez korisnog rezultata nema ni nagrade za spašavanje) na kojem se temelji Konvencija o spašavanju, Pomorski zakonik i autonomna pravna vrela, kao što su standardizirani ugovorni obrasci. Spašavanje se često izvršava sklapanjem ugovora između spašavatelja i vlasnika stvari. U pomorstvu najčešći je standardizirai obrazac Lloyd's Open Form – LOF koji se koristi više od sto godina uz povremene revizije, nužne zbog razvoja pomorskog gospodarstva. Danas je najčešće u uporabi LOF 1995 i LOF 2000 s poznatom SCOPIC klauzulom. Posljednja revizija obrasca je iz 2011. godine (LOF 2011).Salvage as a specific institute of maritime law includes all necessary and useful service and assistance provided to persons and property at sea. Throughout the history, rescue always refers to the mandatory rescue of human lives, ship and cargo, while in recent times, salvage exists as a measure of environmental protection. For a successful salvage, a reward up to the value of the rescued property is provided. This is expressed by the no cure - no pay principle (without useful results there is no award for the salvage) on which the Convention on Salvage, Maritime Law and autonomous legal sources, such as standardized contract forms, are based. Salvage is often done by making a contract between the rescuer and the owner of the property. In maritime affairs, the most common standardized contract form is Lloyd's Open Form - LOF, which has been used for more than a hundred years with occasional revisions, following the development of maritime economy. Today, LOF 1995 and LOF 2000 with the well-known SCOPIC clause are most commonly used. The last revision of the form is from 2011 (LOF 2011)
Measuring the wear of cylinder liner
No full textOd izuma motora s unutarnjim izgaranjem, kontakt između klipnog prstena i košuljice cilindra glavna je briga graditelja motora. Kvaliteta i trajnost ovog kontakta povezani su sa životnim vijekom motora, njegovim održavanjem, njegovim frakcijskim svojstvima, a time i s uštedom goriva. Iako se osnovni dizajn nije promijenio, mnogi čimbenici koji utječu na izvedbu kontakta prsten/košuljica evoluirali su i još uvijek se razvijaju. Navedeni dijelovi moraju imati veliku otpornost na trošenje i visoke temperature, trenje te zadovoljavajuća mehanička svojstva. Ovaj rad daje pregled zapažanja povezanih s uzrocima trošenja košuljica cilindara te na koje načine se mogu pratiti i mjeriti takva trošenja.Since the invention of the internal combustion engine, contact between the piston ring and the cylinder liner has been a major concern of engine builders. The quality and durability of this contact are related to the service life of the engine, its maintenance, exhaust gases and exhaust emissions, but also to its fractional properties, and thus to fuel savings. Although the basic design has not changed, many factors affecting the performance of the ring/sleeve contact have evolved and are still evolving. These parts must have high resistance to wear and high temperatures, friction, and satisfactory mechanical properties. This paper provides an overview of observations related to the causes of cylinder liner wear and how such wear can be monitored and measured
Automated container terminals
No full textU radu pod naslovom Automatizirani pomorski terminali prvenstveno će se donijeti općeniti prikaz pomorskih kontejnerskih terminala. Na osobit način bit će govora o prednostima i nedostatcima automatizacije terminala, njihovoj ulozi u pomorskom prijevozu kontejnera, funkcioniranju i tehničko – tehnološkim značajkama te principu rada u najpoznatijim automatiziranim kontejnerskim terminalima.
Prikazat će se projektiranje, modeliranje, simulacija i procjena nekoliko automatiziranih terminala. Ovo uključuje terminal koji upošljava automatski voĎena vozila (engl. Automated Guided Vehicle - AGV) te automatizirani terminal s linearnim sustavom prijenosa motora (engl. Linear Motor Conveyance System - LMCS). Unatoč tome što je prvi dodir s automatizacijom bio prije više od dva desetljeća, tek od nedavno se aktivno implementira u praktičnom radu. Radi vjerodostojnijeg objašnjavanja prikazat će se praktičan rad i princip rada u najuspješnijim i trenutno najpoznatijim pomorskim kontejnerskim terminalima.This final paper ,entitled Automated Maritime terminals,will primarily provide a general overview of maritime container terminals. In a special way, there will be talks about advantages and disadvantages of terminal automation,their role in maritime transport of containers ,functioning, technical tehnological - features and the principle of operation in the most famouse automated container terminals.
Design, modeling, simulation and evaluation of several automated terminyls will be displayed. This includes a terminal that enploys Automated Guided Vechile (AGV) and a Linear Motor Conveyance System (LMCS) powerd by terminal. Despite the fact that the fact that the first contact with automation was more than two decades ago, it has only recently been actively implemented in practical work. With a view to a more credible explanation, practical work and the principle of work in curently most known maritime container terminals will be presented
Analyse of cargo operation with LNG ships
No full textPrirodni plin je fosilno gorivo bez boje i mirisa. Njegovim ukapljivanjem dobiva se ukapljeni prirodni plin koji se morem prevozi posebno dizajniranim tankerima. Ovi brodovi opremljeni su sustavom spremnika u kojim se ukapljeni prirodni plin prevozi na vrlo niskim, kriogenim temperaturama. Klasifikacija ovih tankera se vrši prema tipu spremnika. S obzirom na niske temperature, rukovanje teretom zahtjeva posebne teretne operacije koje su analizirane u ovom završnom radu.Natural gas is a colorless and odorless fossil fuel. Its liquefaction produces liquefied natural gas that is transported by sea in specially designed tankers. These ships are equipped with a tank system in which liquefied natural gas is transported at very low, cryogenic temperatures. The classification of these tankers is done according to the type of tank. Due to low temperatures, cargo handling requires special cargo operations which are analyzed in this final paper
Application of circular economy and new service development in nautical tourism
No full textCilj ovog rada je istraţiti mogućnost primjene naĉela cirkularne ekonomije u plavoj
ekonomiji, u svrhu kreiranja novih usluga i sadrţaja u industriji nautiĉkog turizma.
Obogaćivanje ponude uslugama kreiranim na naĉelima cirkularne ekonomije potiĉe
menadţment u nautiĉkom turizmu na stvaranje modela poslovanja koji doprinose odrţivom
razvoju organizacija i cijele industrije. Dodatno, u radu se analizira organizacijsko
okruţenje u nautiĉkom turizmu s ciljem identificiranja odgovarajuće podrške za realizaciju
idejnih projekata i inovacija vezanih za zbrinjavanje i recikliranje plastiĉnog otpada,
posebice proizvoda od staklo-plastike (engl. glass reinforced plastic, GRP). S jedne strane,
dotrajala plovila napravljena od staklo-plastike predstavljaju štetni otpad i prijetnju
odrţivom razvoju nautiĉkog turizma. S druge strane takva plovila predstavljaju vrijedan
resurs za recikliranje te priliku za poticanje razvoja cirkularne plave ekonomije. Sukladno
opisanoj problematici, u radu je provedeno istraţivanje kojim su ispitani stavovi i mišljenje
populacije vezane za problem razvoja i korištenja novih usluga u industriji nautiĉkog
turizma usmjerenih na recikliranje otpada.The aim of this paper is to explore the possibility of applying the principles of
circular economy in the blue economy, for the purpose of creating new services and
content in the nautical tourism industry. By enriching the offer with services created on the
principles of circular economy, it encourages management in nautical tourism to create
business models that contribute to the sustainable development of organizations and the
entire industry. In addition, the paper analyzes the organizational environment in nautical
tourism with the aim of identifying appropriate support for the realization of conceptual
projects and innovations related to the disposal and recycling of plastic waste, especially
glass reinforced plastic products . On the one hand, worn-out vessels made of glass
reinforced plastic pose harmful waste and a threat to the sustainable development of
nautical tourism. On the other hand, such vessels represent a valuable resource for
recycling and an opportunity to stimulate the development of a circular blue economy. In
accordance with the described issue, the paper examined the attitudes and opinions of the
population related to the problem of development and use of new services in the nautical
tourism industry aimed at recycling waste
Model analysis of county seaports management in Republic of Croatia
No full textU ovom radu analiziraju se ključni čimbenici upravljanja morskim lukama županijskog značaja u Republici Hrvatskoj. S obzirom na esencijalnu ulogu morskih luka u transportnom i logističkom lancu neophodno je odrediti faktore za njihov brži razvitak i optimizaciju. Morske luke zahtijevaju iznimno velika ulaganja u infrastrukturu, suprastrukturu, ljudske resurse i upravljanje. Efikasno i efektivno upravljanje morskom lukom podrazumijeva implementaciju određenog modela upravljanja. Adekvatan model upravljanja morskom lukom implicira i definiranje kriterija koji se koriste u odabiru. Cilj istraživanja je utvrditi optimalne kriterije i model upravljanja županijskim morskim lukama. Anketnim upitnikom izvršena je analiza stavova ekspertne skupine u lučkom poslovanju na osnovu kojih je provedena višekriterijska analiza primjenom AHP i fuzzy AHP metode. Različiti kriteriji i modeli upravljanja raspravljeni su u kontekstu rezultata istraživanja. Istaknute su sukladnosti i razlike generiranih rezultata i odredbi Nacionalnog plana razvoja luka otvorenih za javni promet od županijskog i lokalnog značaja.This paper analyzes principal factors in seaport management of county importance in the Republic of Croatia. Given the significant role of seaports in the transport and logistics chain, it is necessary to determine the factors for their faster development and optimization. Seaports require considerable investments in infrastructure, superstructure, human resources, and management. Efficient and effective management of the port implies the implementation of a specified management model. An adequate seaport management model also requires defining the criteria used in the selection. The research aims to determine the optimal criteria and management model of county seaports. By the survey, the questionnaire explored the opinions of expert group in port operations, based on which a multi-criteria analysis was performed using the AHP and fuzzy AHP methods. Different criteria and management models are discussed in the context of the research results. Accordance and differences of generated results and provisions from the National Development Plan of Ports Open to Public Transport of County and Local Significance were highlighted
European agency for maritime safety (EMSA) and maritime accidents
No full textCilj ovog diplomskog rada je obraditi ulogu i djelokrug rada Europske agencije za pomorsku sigurnost (engl. European Maritime Safety Agency – EMSA) od njenog osnivanja 2002 godine do danas. Pregledom njenih aktivnosti, načina na koji djeluje i razvija sustave te rezultata njenog djelovanja, donijet je zaključak o važnosti i značaju Agencije. EMSA nudi tehničko stručno znanje i operativnu pomoć u području pomorske sigurnosti, pripravnosti za onečišćenje i mjere sanacije te zaštite u pomorstvu. Kroz ovaj rad ukazuje se na složenost i sveobuhvatnost samog sustava i djelovanja. Bez jedne takve organizacije danas bi bilo teško pravovremeno reagirati u slučaju onečišćenja mora i priobalja, bez odgovarajuće tehnološke opremljenosti osoblja i plovila. U radu se analizira organizacija i djelatnosti EMSA, njezina uloga u sustavu pomorske sigurnosti, s posebnim osvrtom na ulogu u pomorskim nesrećama U vrijeme stalnog napretka u pomorskom transportu, stalnog povećanja broja ciljanih tržišta, cilj aktivnosti EMSE je smanjenje utjecaja ljudskog faktora u nesrećama, te stvaranje daleko pouzdanije mreže sustava koja će na temelju točnih podataka u stvarnom vremenu omogućiti donošenje kvalitetnih odluka te na taj način smanjiti značajni utjecaj ljudske pogreške.The aim of this thesis is to address the role and scope of work of European Maritime Safety Agency (EMSA) since its founding in 2002 until today. Based on the overview of its activities, the way it operates and develops systems and the results of its activities, a conclusion has been reached on the importance and significance of the this agency. EMSA has the task of offering technical expertise and operational assistance in the field of maritime safety, pollution preparedness and remediation measures and security in maritime operations. In this paper, it is indicated out the complexity and comprehensiveness of the system and its operation. Today, without such an organization, it would be difficult to react in a timely manner in the event of marine and coastal pollution, especially without the appropriate technological equipment of the staff and vessels. This thesis is analyzed the organization and activities of EMSA, its role in the maritime safety system, with special reference to the role in maritime accidents In this time of constant progress in maritime transport and constant increase in the number of target markets, the goal of asctivity EMSA is to reduce the impact of the human factor in accidents, and to create a far more reliable network of systems that will enable accurate real-time decisions based on accurate data and thus reduce the significant impact of human error
Ports of special purpose in the Republic of Croatia
No full textU ovom radu analiziraju se opći pojmovi, temeljni propisi, elementi i funkcije luke posebne namjene kao dijela pomorskog dobra Republike Hrvatske. Cilj ovog rada je detaljna analiza zakonodavnog okvira te stanja u lukama posebne namjene u Republici Hrvatskoj. Pomorsko dobro upotrebljava se ili koristi pod uvjetima koje je propisao Zakon o pomorskom dobru i morskim lukama. Prema ZPDML luka posebne namjene je luka koja je povjerena pravnim ili fizičkim osobama za posebnu uporabu ili gospodarsko korištenje. Na osnovu djelatnosti koje se obavljaju unutar luka posebne namjene one mogu biti: luke nautičkog turizma, industrijske luke, brodogradilišne luke, sportske luke, ribarske i druge luke slične namjene, ali i luke državnih tijela kao što je vojna luka. Neovisno o namjeni same luke, one obuhvaćaju neka od najatraktivnijih područja na našoj obali. Pomorsko dobro, a time i luke posebne namjene dio su neizmjernog bogatstva koje smo dobili na privremeno korištenje. Samo uz pomoć porasta svijesti građana i shvaćanja važnosti pomorskog dobra, to bogatstvo možemo očuvati. Na temelju provedene analize iznose se zaključci o nedorečenosti i neusklađenosti zakonodavstva Republike Hrvatske po pitanju luka posebne namjene.This paper analyzes the general terms, basic regulations, elements and functions of a special purpose port as part of the maritime domain of the Republic of Croatia. The focus of this paper is a detailed analysis of the legislation and conditions regarding special purpose ports in the Republic of Croatia. Maritime domain is determined by the Maritime Domain and Seaports Act. According to law, a special purpose port is a seaport that is under special or economic use by physical or legal persons. According to the activities performed special purpose ports can be: military ports, nautical tourism ports, industrial ports, dockyard ports, sport ports, fishery ports and other ports for similar purposes. Ports for special purposes include
some of the most attractive areas on our coast, which have been given to us for temporary use. Only raising the awareness of citizens and understanding the importance of the maritime domain, we can preserve that wealth. Based on the analysis performed, conclusions are drawn about non-compliance legislation in the Republic of Croatia regarding special purpose ports