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Analysis of the establishment of the sea traffic management system
No full textSustav upravljanja pomorskim prometom (engl. Sea Traffic Management –
STM) predstavlja jedan od najvažnijih segmenata razvoja suvremene plovidbe. STM
se odnosi na održivo, ekološki prihvatljivo i sigurno vođenje pomorskih operacija kroz
različite projekte, te analizu i implementaciju istih. Koristi digitalne tehnologije kao
osnovu, te je razvijen od strane EU po uzoru na upravljanje zračnim prometom. Sastoji
se od 8 projekata, te je definiran sa 4 operativne usluge. Važan segment u koordinaciji
STM-a predstavlja VTS u obliku pružanja informacija. Koncept se kontinuirano razvija,
a predviđanja ukazuju na transformaciju pomorskog prometa kroz integraciju
autonomnih brodova, promicanje e-navigacije i suradnju s međunarodnim
organizacijama poput IMO-a. U radu se analizira razvoj koncepta STM i projekti koji su
razvijeni u sklopu toga koncepta. Također se analizira razvoj STM-a u Republici
Hrvatskoj. Rezultati analize ukazuju na ulogu STM-a u unaprjeđenju sigurnosti i
učinkovitosti pomorskog prometa, dok se primjena STM-a u Republici Hrvatskoj
predstavlja kao ključni korak prema modernizaciji pomorske infrastrukture.Sea Traffic Management (STM) represents one of the most crucial aspects of
modern maritime navigation. It entails sustainable, environmentally friendly, and safe
management of maritime operations through various projects, as well as their analysis
and implementation. Built upon digital technologies, STM was developed by the EU
following the model of air traffic management. It consists of 8 projects and is defined
by 4 operational services. VTS plays a vital role in coordinating STM, by providing
information. The concept is continually evolving, with predictions pointing towards the
transformation of maritime traffic through the integration of autonomous vessels, the
promotion of e-navigation, and collaboration with international organizations such as
the IMO. The analysis in this paper focuses on the development of the STM concept
and projects developed within it, as well as the progress of STM implementation in
Croatia. The results of the analysis underscore the role of STM in enhancing the safety
and efficiency of maritime traffic, while its application in Croatia is seen as a pivotal
step towards the modernization of maritime infrastructure
Good practices for sustainable cruise tourism
No full textKako bi smanjila negativne utjecaje na okoliš, industrija kruzing turizma nastoji integrirati održive prakse u svoje aktivnosti. Fokus ovog rada je stavljen na programe smanjenja otpada poput onih koji ciljaju na smanjenje otpada hrane, racionalno korištenje vode i energije, inovativnim rješenjima poput korištenja električne energije iz obnovljivih izvora i infrastrukturnim poboljšanjima kao što su održivi terminali za kruzere. Cilj rada je pokazati važnost suradnje između tvrtki, luka, lokalnih zajednica i regulatornih tijela kako bi se zajedničkim snagama razvile i implementirale strategije koje podržavaju održivost u industriji. Jedino kontinuirana suradnja dionika može osigurati održivost kruzing turizma koji će pridonositi održivom razvoju i očuvanju prirodnih resursa.The cruise industry is integrating sustainable practises into its operations to reduce negative impacts on the environment. The focus of this thesis is on waste reduction programmes aimed at reducing food waste, water and energy consumption, innovative solutions such as the use of electricity from renewable sources and infrastructural improvements such as sustainable cruise terminals. The aim of this master thesis emphasises the importance of collaboration between cruise companies, ports, local communities and regulatory bodies to jointly develop and implement strategies that promote the sustainability of the cruise tourism industry. Only the continuous collaboration between stakeholders can ensure the sustainable development of cruise tourism while preserving natural resources
The comparison of International and national standards of Hidrographic survey
No full textU ovome diplomskom radu uspoređuju se međunarodni i nacionalni standardi
hidrografskog premjera. Visok stupanj standarda postignut je kod hidrografskog premjera. S-
44 standard predstavlja standard kojim Međunarodna hidrografska organizacija (engl.
International Hydrographic Organization) propisuje zahtjeve za obavljanje premjera. U
načelu države preuzimaju međunarodni standard S-44 te ga na odgovarajući način primjenjuju
u nacionalnim hidrografskim organizacijama. Države također mogu razviti vlastite nacionalne
standarde hidrografskog premjera koji su prilagođeni specifičnim uvjetima i potrebama na
nacionalnoj razini. To može uključivati prilagodbe u samoj metodologiji hidrografskog
premjera, opremi i sl. Modifikacije nacionalnih standarda nastaju pod utjecajem različitih
faktora kao što su klimatski uvjeti, geografski kontekst, ekonomske potrebe i razina sigurnosti
plovidbe. Iz usporedbe standarda S-44 s odabranim nacionalnim standardima vidljivo je kako
su nacionalni standardi bazirani na standardu S-44, zadovoljavajući osnovne kriterije te
prilagođavajući se vlastitim, nacionalnim kriterijima.This master's thesis compares international and national hydrographic survey standards.
A high level of standards has been achieved in hydrographic surveying. The S-44 standard
represents the requirements prescribed by the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO)
for conducting surveys. In general, countries adopt the international standard S-44 and apply
it in the appropriate manner within their national hydrographic organizations. Countries may
also develop their own national hydrographic survey standards tailored to specific national
conditions and needs. This may include adjustments in the methodology of hydrographic
surveying, equipment, and so on. Modifications to national standards occur due to various
factors such as climate conditions, geographical context, economic requirements, and the
level of navigational safety. Comparing the S-44 standard with selected national standards
reveals that national standards are based on the S-44 standard, meeting the basic criteria while
adapting to their own national criteria
Globalization trends of European tourism
No full textGlobalizacija turističke industrije razvija se zajedno s globalizacijom svjetske
ekonomije. Cijeli svijet postaje sve povezaniji, u razmjerima u kojima se sve češće koristi
termin „globalno selo“. Ponuda i potražnja turizma, mijenja se uslijed globalizacije. Javlja
se nova generacija turista koji traže nešto neviđeno i nedoživljeno, a isto tako i nove
turističke usluge i proizvode. Cilj rada je, dati teorijski uvid u globalizaciju i turizam,ž analizirati promjene u ponudi i potražnji na europskom turističkom tržištu, te analizirati
nove trendove u Europi uslijed globalizacije, ali i pandemije Covid-19, te dati prognoze
razvoja globalizacijskog turizma u bliskoj budućnosti.The globalisation of the tourism industry is developing in tandem with the
globalisation of the world economy. The whole world is becoming more and more
interconnected, even to the extent that one speaks of a "global village". Supply and demand
in tourism are changing due to the effects of globalisation. This is creating a new
generation of tourists who are looking for something new and unfamiliar, as well as new
tourism services and products. The aim of this thesis is to provide an insight into
globalisation and tourism, to analyse the changes in supply and demand in the European
tourism market and to examine new trends in Europe due to globalisation, but also due to
the Covid-19 pandemic. Finally, the forecasts for the development of globalisation tourism
are given
Maritime video surveillance system
No full textU ovome diplomskom radu definira se i opisuje videonadzor u pomorstvu te važnost
sigurnosti plovidbe i njezinom stalnom napretku. U prošlosti su se stalno razvijali i
osmišljavali razni sustavi kako bi plovidba bila što sigurnija za ljude i okoliš. Razvijanje
tehnologija, kao što su npr. radar, elektroničke navigacijske karte, automatski identifikacijski
sustav, dovelo je do unaprjeđenja sigurnosti prometa. Jedna od tehnologija koja se razvija je
videonadzor u pomorstvu. U radu se posebno prikazuje kako se danas videonadzor koristi
za razne svrhe, kao što su prepoznavanje i praćenje brodova, izbjegavanje sudara na moru i
brojanje brodova.This thesis defines and describes video surveillance in maritime affairs and the
importance of navigational safety and its continuous progress. In the past, various systems
have been constantly developed and designed to make navigation as safe as possible for
people and the environment. The development of technologies, such as radar, electronic
navigation maps, automatic identification systems, has led to improved traffic safety. One
of the technologies being developed is maritime video surveillance. The paper shows in
particular how video surveillance is used today for various purposes, such as identification
and tracking of ships, avoidance of collisions at sea and counting of ships
Regulations for Statutory Examination of Marine Vessels: Pollution Prevention
No full textCilj ovog rada je dati pregled mjera sprječavanja onečišćenja mora s brodova s naglaskom na pravila za statutarnu certifikaciju pomorskih brodova. Brodarstvo je međunarodna industrija i može djelovati učinkovito samo ako su propisi i standardi dogovoreni, usvojeni i implementirani na međunarodnoj razini. Budući da su brodovi značajan izvor onečišćenja morskog okoliša, zaštita mora od onečišćenja s brodova zauzima posebno mjesto u odredbama međunarodnog prava. U tu svrhu je i Međunarodna pomorska organizacija (engl. International Maritime Organisation, IMO) donjela brojne propise i standarde kao i preporučene prakse i postupke primjenjive na plovila svih vrsta (međunarodni sporazumi, kodeksi, preporuke i smjernice). Osim IMO-a, važnu ulogu u borbi protov onečišćenja imaju i klasifikacijska društva. Pod statutarnom cerifikacijom brodova podrazumijevaju se pravila koja se odnose na zaštitu života, imovine i sprječavanje onečišćenja mora s brodova. U završnom je poglavlju prikazana su Pravila za statutarnu certifikaciju pomorskih brodova - sprječavanje onečišćenja (NN 8/2020) Republike Hrvatske.The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the measures taken to prevent marine pollution from ships, focusing on the rules for the statutory certification of ocean-going vessels. Shipping is an international industry and can only operate efficiently if regulations and standards are agreed upon, adopted, and implemented internationally. Since ships are a significant source of pollution of the marine environment, the protection of the sea from pollution by ships occupies a special place in the provisions of international law. To this end, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has adopted numerous regulations and standards, as well as recommended practices and procedures, applicable to ships of all types (international conventions, codes, recommendations, and guidelines). In addition to the IMO, classification societies also play an important role in combating pollution. The statutory certification of ships refers to rules for the protection of life
and property and the prevention of marine pollution from ships. In the last chapter, the Rules for Statutory Certification of Seagoing Ships - Pollution Prevention (Official Gazette 8/2020) of the Republic of Croatia are presented
ECDIS safety settings
No full textCilj završnog rada je opisati sigurnosne postavke sustava ECDIS (Electronic Chart Display Information System). Objašnjeno je značenje ECDISa, kakvi sve sustavi postoje, te su navedeni razlozi i procedura uvođenja ECDISa u navigaciju. Posebna pažnja posvećena je sigurnosnim postavkama zbog čega su detaljno objašnjeni svi parametri koji se koriste kao što su, primjerice, gaz broda, UKC, čučanj broda i sl. Navedeno je nekoliko primjera izračuna i načina postavljanja sigurnosnih postavki, te je predstavljeno nekoliko incidenata kod kojih je, zbog loše određenih postavki ECDISa, došlo do nasukavanja broda.The aim of the thesis is to describe the safety settings of ECDIS (Electronic Chart Display Information System) system. The meaning of ECDIS and what kind of systems exist is explained, and the reasons and procedures for introducing ECDIS into navigation are listed. Special attention is paid to safety settings, which is why all the parameters used such as, for example, the draft of the ship, UKC, squat etc. are explained in detail. Several examples of calculations and ways of setting safety settings are listed, and several incidents are presented in which, due to poorly defined ECDIS settings, the ship was grounded
Zaštita od korozije i zaštita od munja na brodicama
No full textOvaj završni rad sastoji se od dva dijela. Prvi dio rada se odnosi na zaštitu od
korozije na brodicama. U uvodnom dijelu opisuje se razvoj zaštite od korozije kroz
povijest pomorstva i stalna potraga za boljim materijalima kako bi se osigurala zaštita
plovila. Uvod se nastavlja sa opisima djelovanja raznih vrsta korozije na konstrukciju
brodice i koji su mogući uzroci njihove pojave. Glavnu temu zaštite od korozije predstavlja
katodna zaštita putem žrtvenih anoda ili sustava narinute struje. Kroz rad opisuju se razni
materijali koji se koriste za proizvodnju anoda, njihova potrebna količina, ugradnja i
raspodjela na raznim tipovima brodica u različitim uvjetima. Zadnji dio zaštite od korozije
se sastoji od sustava za izjednačavanje potencijala, opisa problema lutajućih struja i
uređaja za sprječavanje njihovog utjecaja na brodicu. U zaključku opisuje se važnost
poduzimanja mjera zaštite brodica od utjecaja korozije kombinacijom katodne zaštite sa
premazima i bojama.
Druga polovica rada fokusira se na zaštitu brodica od udara munja. Nakon
povijesnog uvoda i objašnjenja pojava munja, rad se nastavlja sa opisom principa rada
gromobranske instalacije na brodici i svim elementima sustava. Dalje u radu opisuje se
važnost prenaponske zaštite za električnu opremu na brodici za vrijeme oluje i pojava
raznih fenomena uzrokovanih elektricitetom. Kraj rada pokriva savjete za sigurnost na
brodici za vrijeme oluje i zaključak. Glavni koncept ove polovice rada je uspostava
sigurnog sustava za zaštitu od munja na brodici u svrhu očuvanja ljudskog života i
konstrukcije brodice.This final thesis consists of two parts. The first part of the paper refers to corrosion
protection on boats. Introductory part describes the evolution of protection against
corrosion throughout maritime history and the continuous search for better materials to
ensure the protection of the vessel. The introduction continues with descriptions of various
different types of corrosion effects on the structure of the boat and the possible causes of
their occurrence. The main topic of protection against corrosion is cathodic protection
through sacrificial anodes or impressed current cathodic protection. The paper describes
different materials used for production of anodes, their required quantity, installation and
distribution on various types of boats in different conditions. The last part of corrosion
protection consists of a equipotential bonding system, problem description of stray currents
and devices that prevent their influence on the boat. The conclusion describes the
importance of taking measures to protect boats from the effects of corrosion by combining
cathodic protection with coatings and paints.
Second half of the thesis focuses on protection of boats from lightning strikes. After
the historical introduction and explanation of how lightning is formed, the paper continues
with the description of the lightning protection system and all elements that are part of the
system. The importance of surge protection during the storm for all electrical installations
on the boat is described further in the paper alongside with the appearance of various
phenomena caused by electricity. Last part of the paper covers safety on the boat during
the storm and the conclusion. The main concept of the second half of the paper is the
establishment of a safe lightning protection system on the boat for the purpose of
preserving human life and the structure of the boat
Numerical Protection Relay (ABB - REF 615) as Port of Ship's High-Voltage Switchgear
No full textSvrha ovog završnog rada je predstaviti, analizirati te protumačiti ulogu numeričkog zaštitnog releja u visokonaponskom brodskom bloku, njegovu funkciju i način rada numeričkog releja. U radu je opisan osnovnim elementom te zaštite, relej, a predstavljena je i povijest njegovog razvoja te načini funkcioniranja koji su pratili razvoj tehnologije kao i dodatne zahtjeve zaštite. Poseban fokus stavljen je na relej najnovije generacije zaštite, a to je zaštitni numerički relej, na opis načina rada i zaštitne funkcije releja ABB obitelji REF615, koji se koristi u visokonaponskom laboratoriju na Pomorskom fakultetu u Splitu. U konačnici, predstavljen je način rada i uloga ovog releja na primjeru visokonaponske mreže jednog kruzera.The purpose of this final paper is to analyze, interpret, and present the role of numerical protective relays in a high-voltage ship's system, as well as the functions and operation of the numerical relay itself. The paper describes the basic elements of this protection, the relay, and presents its history of development, along with the operational methods that have accompanied technological advancements and additional protection requirements. Special focus is placed on the latest generation of protective relays, protective numerical relay, with a description of the operation and protective functions of the ABB REF615 relay, which is used in the high-voltage laboratory at the Maritime Faculty in Split. Ultimately, the paper presents the operation and role of this relay using the example of a cruise ship's high-voltage network