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Decision tree method and application in diagnostic and contol
No full textOvim diplomskim radom analizirala se složenost dijagnostike i upravljanja brodskih strojni sustava. Glavni cilj rada bazirao se na istraživanju, analiziranju i prikazivanju primjene metode stabla odlučivanja u dijagnostici i upravljanju brodskih strojnih sustava. Svrha rada bila je praktično prikazati proces izgradnje binarnog stabla odlučivanja sustava odgovornog za hlađenje brodskog motora. Na temelju, logičkog modela koji je razvijen u ovom diplomskom radu, potvrđena je prednost navedene metode koja se očituje u jednostavnosti, transparentnosti i identifikaciji bitnih varijabli. Prikazana je mogućnost jednostavne interpretacije rezultata i donošenje informirane odluke na temelju vizualnih podataka.This master's thesis analyzed the complexity of diagnosing and maintenance of ship machinery systems. The main objective of the thesis was to investigate, analyze, and demonstrate the application of decision tree methodology in the diagnosis and management of ship machinery systems. The purpose of the thesis was to practically illustrate the process of constructing a binary decision tree responsible for the cooling system of the ship's engine. Based on the logical model developed in this thesis, the method's advantages were confirmed by simplicity, transparency, and identifying key variables. The thesis demonstrated the ability to interpret results easily and make informed decisions based on visual data
Hydraulic system on yachts
No full textU ovom radu opisani su hidraulički sustavi jahte “Pamela V“; upravljanje kormila, stabilizatora, dizalica na provi, dizalica za tender s bočnom stranicom, platforma za kupanje s bočnim skalama i sustav za otvaranje grotla. Opisani su glavni dijelovi hidrauličkih sustava; pumpe, ventili, razvodnici i izvršni elementi te njihova uloga u funkcioniranju jahte. Izvršena je analiza dvaju hidrauličkih sustava; dizalice za tendere na provi broda i bočnih skala. Navedeni su prijedlozi poboljšanja kako bi se povećala funkcionalnost i efikasnost tih sustava. Ovaj rad pruža uvid u važnost hidrauličkih sustava na suvremenim jahtama i pruža konkretne smjernice za unapređenje njihovih učinkovitosti.This paper describes the hydraulic systems of the yacht "Pamela V"; rudder steering, stabilizers, tender crane on bow, tender crane with side doors, swimming platform with side ladder and the hatch opening system. The main components of hydraulic systems are outlined including; pumps, valves, distributors and actuators, along with their roles in the yacht's operation. Analysis of two hydraulic systems was conducted: the tender crane on the bow of the ship and the side ladder. A series of improvement suggestions are provided to enhance the functionality and efficiency of these two systems. This paper provides insight into the importance of hydraulic systems on modern yachts and offers specific guidelines for improving their performance
Solar Pannels and Application in Marine Engineering
No full textOvaj rad obrađuje primjenu solarnih panela u pomorstvu. Panel solarnih ćelija, poznat kao fotonaponski modul ili PV (eng. Photovoltaic modul) panel, sklop je fotonaponskih ćelija ugrađenih u okvir. U današnje vrijeme koje karakterizira sve veća digitalizacija te energetska održivost od neizmjerljive važnosti je koristiti i implementirati obnovljivu vrstu energije u sve pore društva. Solarni paneli apsorbiraju sunčevu svjetlost kao izvor energije zračenja, koja se pretvara u električnu energiju u obliku istosmjerne struje. Nizovi fotonaponskog sustava mogu se koristiti za generiranje solarne električne energije koja izravno opskrbljuje električnu opremu ili vraća snagu natrag u mrežu izmjenične struje preko tzv. inverterskog sustava. U pomorstvu, opskrba energijom je specifična sama po sebi, a samim time je svaki sustav poseban za sebe. Svaki objekt u pomorstvu, osim što je izoliran, također ima određenu potražnju i karakteristike.The thesis deals with the application of solar panels in maritime affairs. A panel of solar cells, known as a photovoltaic module or PV (eng. Photovoltaic module) panel, is an assembly of photovoltaic cells built into a frame. In today's time, which is characterized by increasing digitization and energy sustainability, it is of immeasurable importance to use and implement a renewable type of energy in all parts of society. Solar panels absorb sunlight as a source of radiant energy, which is converted into electricity in the form of direct current. Photovoltaic arrays can be used to generate solar electricity that directly supplies electrical equipment or returns power back to the AC grid via inverter system. In maritime, energy supply is specific in itself, and it is each system special for itself. Each maritime facility, apart from being isolated, also has certain demands and characteristics
Income tax
No full textPorez na dohodak fizičkih osoba predstavlja vitalni segment poreznog sustava Republike Hrvatske, često podložan promjenama i prilagodbama u skladu s ekonomskim i društvenim potrebama. Ovaj izravni porez se obračunava na temelju stvarno ostvarenog dohotka pojedinca, uzimajući u obzir različite izvore prihoda i primjenjujući odgovarajuće porezne stope. Kroz detaljnu analizu povijesti poreznog sustava, osnovnih karakteristika poreza na dohodak, kategorija dohotka podložnih oporezivanju te primjene međunarodnih ugovora, ovaj rad ima za cilj pružiti sveobuhvatan uvid u kompleksnost poreznog sustava koji se primjenjuje na fizičke osobe u Hrvatskoj. Raznolikost vrsta dohotka, kao što su primanja od nesamostalnog rada, dohodak od samostalne djelatnosti, dohodak od imovine i imovinskih prava te dohodak od kapitala, zahtijeva posebne strategije oporezivanja i obračuna poreza. Kroz razumijevanje i analizu poreznih obveza i olakšica, kao i identifikaciju obveza poreznih obveznika u vezi s plaćanjem poreza na dohodak, ovaj rad pruža jasnu sliku o važnosti poreznog sustava u financiranju državnih i lokalnih institucija te postizanju ravnoteže između pravednosti i efikasnosti u poreznom sustavu Republike Hrvatske.Income tax for individuals represents a vital segment of the tax system of the Republic of Croatia, often subject to changes and adaptations in line with economic and social needs. This direct tax is calculated based on an individual's actual income, taking into account various sources of revenue and applying appropriate tax rates. Through a detailed analysis of the history of the tax system, basic characteristics of income tax, categories of taxable income, and the application of international agreements, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive insight into the complexity of the tax system applied to individuals in Croatia. The diversity of income types, such as earnings from dependent work, income from self-employment, income from property and property rights, and income from capital, requires specific tax strategies and calculation methods. By understanding and analyzing tax obligations and reliefs, as well as identifying taxpayers' obligations regarding the payment of income tax, this paper offers a clear picture of the importance of the tax system in financing state and local institutions and achieving a balance between fairness and efficiency in the tax system of the Republic of Croatia
AIS device
No full textAutomatski sustav za identifikaciju (engl. Automatic Identification System - AIS) sustav
pomorski tehnički standard koji je razvijen s ciljem identifikacije brodova, razmjene podataka
između njih, pružanja pomoći u praćenju plovila te omogućavanje dodatnih informacija kako bi
se izbjegli sudari. AIS se, u pravilu, iako nije neophodno, nalazi u sklopu integriranog brodskog
sustava koji se sastoji od raznih pomoćnih uređaja za navigaciju čija je svrha pomoći brodskoj
posadi u donošenju odluka na moru i izbjegavanju sudara te u omogućavanju sigurne plovidbe.
Ovaj se uređaj bazira na autonomnom razmjenjivanju podataka između brodova pri čemu svaki
brod emitira vlastite podatke svim drugim brodovima koji imaju AIS sustav. Takvom se
komunikacijskom shemom ostvaruje protok podataka koji se mogu proslijediti integriranom
brodskom sustavu i radaru. AIS podatke je moguće i spremiti u sustav za snimanje podataka o
plovidbi te se mogu kasnije reproducirati i analizirati. S obzirom da slika radara ne pruža
potpuno detaljnu i realnu sliku objekata u smislu njihove veličine, pozicije i MMSI, AIS
omogućava upravo navedeno. Trenutno je vrlo aktualan satelitski AIS (S-AIS) kojim se
osigurava sigurnost na moru, a iako i dalje ima određene nedostatke, u skorijoj se budućnosti
očekuju njegov brži te kvalitetniji rast i razvoj. Njegovom se upotrebom ostvaruju razne
ekonomske, ali i, najvažnija, ekološka prednost koja podrazumijeva održavanje čistoće mora, a
upravo se s tim ciljem, očekuju daljnji, još i bolji rezultati u budućnosti.Automatic Identification System (AIS) is a maritime technical standard system that was
developed with the aim of identifying ships, exchanging data between them, providing
assistance in tracking vessels and enabling additional information to avoid collisions. AIS, as a
rule, although not necessary, is part of the integrated ship system, which consists of various
auxiliary devices for navigation, the purpose of which is to help the ship's crew in making
decisions at sea and avoiding collisions, as well as in enabling safe navigation. This device is
based on the autonomous exchange of data between ships, whereby each ship broadcasts its own
data to all other ships that have an AIS system. Such a communication scheme realizes the flow
of data that can be forwarded to the ship's integrated system and radar. AIS data can also be
saved in the navigation data recording system and can be reproduced and analyzed later. Given
that the radar image does not provide a completely detailed and realistic image of objects in
terms of their size, position and MMSI, AIS enables exactly the above. At the moment, satellite
AIS (S-AIS) is very relevant, which ensures safety at sea, and although it still has certain
shortcomings, its faster and better growth and development are expected in the near future. With
its use, various economic, but also, most importantly, ecological advantages are realized, which
implies maintaining the cleanliness of the sea, and precisely with this goal, further and even
better results are expected in the future
The impact of crisis on the representation of transactions on the market of used ships
No full textTržište rabljenih brodova uključuje trgovinu korišteim plovilima. Ovo tržište je osjetljivo na utjecaje koji ovise o trenutnim ekonomskim uvjetima. Cijene rabljenih brodova određuju se prema starosti broda, njegovom stanju, opremljenosti, tehničkim karakteristikama i dostupnosti određenih modela. Promjene u cijenama mogu se dogoditi zbog različitih faktora. Ključni sudionici na tržištu rabljenih brodova uključuju vlasnike brodova koji žele prodati svoja plovila, brokere koji posreduju u prodaji, potencijalne kupce koji traže brodove, financijske institucije koje nude kredite za kupnju i stručnjake koji procjenjuju vrijednost plovila. Kao i kod drugih tržišta rabljene robe, postoji određeni rizik i neizvjesnost pri kupnji rabljenog broda, stoga kupci trebaju provesti detaljnu provjeru prije donošenja odluke o kupnji.The second-hand ship market involves the trade of vessels that have been previously used. This market is sensitive to factors such as supply and demand, which depend on current economic conditions. Prices of second-hand ships are determined by the vessel's age, condition, equipment, technical specifications, and the availability of certain models. Price fluctuations can occur due to various factors. Key participants in the second-hand ship market include ship owners wishing to sell their vessels, brokers who mediate sales, potential buyers looking for ships, financial institutions providing loans for purchases, and experts who assess the value of vessels. As with other used goods markets, there is a degree of risk and uncertainty when purchasing a second-hand ship, so buyers should conduct thorough checks before making a decision
Basing marine machinery on a base made of artificial resin
No full textStrojevi svojim radom stvaraju unutarnje i vanjske sile zbog čega ih je potrebno pričvrstiti za brodsku konstrukciju. U tu svrhu najčešće se koriste umjetne epoksidne smole, a to su sipki spojevi koji postaju tvrdi i postojani nakon što očvrsnu. Epoksidna smola se lijeva između montažne površine na koju se stroj planira postaviti i temelja stroja. Na taj način, nakon što se epoksidna smola osuši, formiraju se trajni podlošci za potporu strojeva. U odnosu na druge načine krutog temeljenja strojeva, epoksidne smole nude brži, precizniji, dugotrajniji, a samim time i ekonomski isplativiji način ugradnje strojeva. Cilj rada je opisati epoksidne smole, objasniti ugradnju temelja od epoksidne smole, navesti razloge zašto su baš one jedna od najboljih opcija za kruto utemeljiti stroj te izvesti i objasniti proračun temeljenja brodskoga porivnog motora na odabranom stvarnom primjeru iz prakse.Machines generate internal and external forces during operation, which is why they need to be secured to the structure of the ship. For this purpose, epoxy resins are most often used. These are pourable compounds that become hard and durable once they dry up. The epoxy resin is poured between the mounting surface where the machinery is to be installed and the machinery's base frame. In this way, after the epoxy resin dries, permanent chocks are formed to support the machinery. Compared to other methods of rigid foundations, epoxy resins offer a faster, more precise, longer-lasting, and therefore more cost-effective way of installing machinery. The aim of this paper is to describe epoxy resins, explain the installation of epoxy resin foundations, state the reasons why they are one of the best options for rigidly securing down machinery and to perform and explain the calculations for the foundation of the selected practical actual example of marine propulsion engine
Competitiveness of Croatian shipbuilding in conditions of global crisis
No full textBrodogradnja je industrijska i gospodarska djelatnost koja obuhvaća brodograđevnu i brodoremontnu djelatnost te postrojenja za izgradnju novih brodova (brodogradilišta), postrojenja za popravak brodova (remontna brodogradilišta), te mješovitih postrojenja (za gradnju i popravak starih brodova). Glavni cilj ovog diplomskog rada je prikazati stanje hrvatske brodogradnje te ukazati na probleme i mogućnosti razvijanja brodogradnje kao konkurentne hrvatske industrije na globalnom tržištu. Dio problema hrvatske brodogradnje su promjene nakon procesa privatizacije, loša infrastruktura, nedostatak i nemogućnost zadržavanja kvalitetne radne snage, smanjena digitalizacija, nedostatak kvalitetnog vodstva, itd. Svrha istraživanja ovog diplomskog rada je razumjeti kakve i koje promjene utječu na konkurentnost i stanje hrvatske brodogradnje. U budućnosti se očekuje rebrendiranje odnosno redefiniranje hrvatske brodogradnje, zatim investicije usmjerene dekarbonizaciji te korištenje međunarodne suradnje i partnerstva kao instrumente budućeg rasta.Shipbuilding is an industrial and economic activity that includes shipbuilding and ship repair activities, as well as facilities for building new ships (shipyards), facilities for repairing ships (repair yards), and mixed facilities (for building and repairing old ships). The main goal of this thesis is to present the state of Croatian shipbuilding and to point out the problems and opportunities of developing shipbuilding as a competitive Croatian industry on the global market. Part of the problems of Croatian shipbuilding are changes after the privatization process, poor infrastructure, lack and inability to retain a quality workforce, reduced digitization, lack of quality leadership, etc. The purpose of research in this thesis is to understand what and which changes affect the competitiveness and state of Croatian shipbuilding. In the future, rebranding or redefinition of Croatian shipbuilding is expected, followed by investments aimed at decarbonization and the use of international cooperation and partnerships as instruments of future growth
Vessel insurance in nautical tourism
No full textNautički turizam, koji obuhvaća jedrenje, krstarenje i srodne aktivnosti, predstavlja iznimno važan segment turizma. Osiguranje plovila u nautičkom turizmu ključna je mjera zaštite, kako za vlasnike brodova, jahti i brodica, tako i za njihove goste. Ovaj diplomski rad istražuje različite vrste osiguranja plovila, te analizira pravne okvire vezane uz pomorsko osiguranje. Pomorsko osiguranje sastoji se od osnovnog osiguranja, kasko osiguranja i dodatnih stavki, kao što su zaštita od krađe i vandalizma. Pomorsko osiguranje regulirano je međunarodnim i nacionalnim zakonodavstvom, a sam proces osiguranja obuhvaća procjenu rizika, odabir police i obradu zahtjeva. Cijene osiguranja ovise o vrsti i starosti plovila, vrijednosti plovila, profilu vlasnika i različitim geografskim čimbenicima. Danas je nautički turizam suočen s brojnim izazovima poput klimatskih promjena i tehnoloških inovacija. Međutim, predviđa se da će se razvojem personaliziranih polica i unapređenjem regulative dodatno poboljšati sigurnost ovog sektora.Nautical tourism, which includes sailing, cruising, and related activities, represents an extremely important segment of tourism. Vessel insurance in nautical tourism is a crucial protection measure for both boat, yacht, and ship owners, as well as their guests. This thesis explores different types of vessel insurance and analyzes the legal frameworks related to maritime insurance. Maritime insurance consists of basic insurance, hull insurance, and additional coverage, such as protection against theft and vandalism. Maritime insurance is regulated by international and national laws, and the insurance process itself includes risk assessment, policy selection, and claims processing. Insurance prices depend on the type and age of the vessel, its value, the owner's profile, and various geographical factors. Today, nautical tourism faces numerous challenges, such as climate change and technological innovations. However, it is predicted that the development of personalized policies and the improvement of regulations will further enhance the safety of this sector
Circular economy in nautical tourism
No full textOvaj diplomski rad istražuje koncept kružne ekonomije u kontekstu nautičkog turizma.
Kružna ekonomija u nautičkom turizmu zalaže se za promicanje održive prakse u ponovnom
korištenju i recikliranju materijala, smanjenju otpada i minimiziranjem štetnog utjecaja na
okoliš. U radu se proučava utjecaj primjene principa kružne ekonomije u nautičkom turizmu,
sa naglaskom na potencijale sektora za održivi razvoj. Na temelju analizirane relevantne
literature rad pruža sveobuhvatan pregled, te dublje razumijevanje mogućnosti i izazova
vezanih uz implementaciju kružne ekonomije u ovom sektoru. Također, identificiraju se ključne
prakse koje je potrebno usvojiti kako bi se u budućnosti optimalno iskoristio potencijal kružne
ekonomije.This thesis explores the concept of circular economy in the context of nautical tourism. The
circular economy in nautical tourism is committed to promoting sustainable practices in reusing
and recycling materials, reducing waste and minimizing the harmful impact on the environment.
The paper studies the influence of the application of the principles of the circular economy in
nautical tourism, with an emphasis on the sector's potential for sustainable development. Based
on the analyzed relevant literature, the work provides a comprehensive overview, and a deeper
understanding of the opportunities and challenges related to the implementation of the circular
economy in this sector. Also, key practices are identified that need to be adopted to optimally
use the potential of the circular economy in the future