udiMundus
Not a member yet
3080 research outputs found
Sort by
Preliminary analysis of the psychometric properties of the Portuguese Perceived Ageism Questionnaire (PAQ)
Get PDFObjectives: Perceived ageism is a relevant variable for understanding adults’ mental health across
different ages. The Perceived Ageism Questionnaire (PAQ) assesses how adults perceive ageism
directed towards themselves—both negative and positive ageism—through dimensions of stereotype,
prejudice and discrimination. The aim of this study was to (a) analyze the psychometric properties
of the Portuguese version of the PAQ and (b) analyze the associations between PAQ, mental health,
and age.
Method: Across two different samples, 1,941 participants between 18 and 91 years completed the
PAQ. In addition to perceived ageism, depression, anxiety, stress, and satisfaction with life were
assessed. An exploratory (sample 1; n = 970) and confirmatory (sample 2; n = 971) factor analysis of
the PAQ was performed. The PAQ’s reliability, relationship with other assessed variables, and age
distribution were evaluated.
Results: The Portuguese PAQ demonstrated good internal consistency in both samples. Factor analyses
supported a bidimensional structure: perceived negative and positive ageism showed distinct
patterns. Higher perceived negative ageism was significantly correlated with worse mental health.
Negative ageism exhibited a U-shaped distribution across age, with younger and older adults reporting
higher levels than middle-aged adults.
Conclusion: The Portuguese version of the PAQ shows good psychometric properties, supporting its
use in Portuguese-speaking populations.2024-2
Analysis, Symmetry and Asymptotic Behaviour of Solutions for the Belousov-Zhabotinsky Model
No full textThis research provides analytical insights in connection with the solutions of the Oregonator model, a refined iteration of the iconic Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) reaction problem. This chemical process, initially observed by B. P. Belousov while replicating the Krebs cycle in vitro and later modified by Zhabotinsky using Fephenanthroline (ferroin), has become a hallmark example of nonlinear dynamics, chaos theory, and has parallels in various biological systems. Our study systematically delves into the boundedness, regularity, and possible symmetries of weak solutions. We explore traveling waves using the Tanh-method, alongside examining asymptotic solutions entrenched in self-similar forms and exponential scaling leading to a Hamilton-Jacobi equation. This research emphasizes on mathematical arguments along with the dynamics of the involved chemical concentrations. We provide new forms of analytical solutions showing them in a comprehensive manner that connects with the interpretation of the Oregonator model and its broader implications in chemical systems.2023-2
Exponential Growth and Properties of Solutions for a Forced System of Incompressible Navier–Stokes Equations in Sobolev–Gevrey Spaces
No full textOne problem of interest in the analysis of Navier–Stokes equations is concerned with the behavior of solutions for certain conditions in the forcing term or external force. In this work, we consider an external force of a maximum exponential growth, and we investigate the local existence and uniqueness of solutions to the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations within the Sobolev–Gevrey space �����1�����,�����(ℝ3)
. Sobolev–Gevrey spaces are well suited for our purposes, as they provide high regularity and control over derivative growth, and this is particularly relevant for us, given the maximum exponential growth in the forcing term. Additionally, the structured bounds in Gevrey spaces help monitor potential solution blow-up by maintaining regularity, though they do not fully prevent or resolve global blow-up scenarios. Utilizing the Banach fixed-point theorem, we demonstrate that the nonlinear operator associated with the Navier–Stokes equations is locally Lipschitz continuous in �����1�����,�����(ℝ3)
. Through energy estimates and the application of Grönwall’s inequality, we establish that solutions exist, are unique, and also exhibit exponential growth in their Sobolev–Gevrey norms over time under certain assumptions in the forcing term. This analysis in intended to contribute in the understanding of the behavior of fluid flows with forcing terms in high-regularity function spaces.2024-2
Challenges and perspectives in the evolution of distance and onlineeducation towards higher technological environments
No full textThis article explores a proposal of continuous transformation in distance and online learning scopes in view of past, current and future emerging technologies. It traces the distance and online education from traditional learning models to the integration of advanced technology with Learning Management Systems (LMS), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Virtual Reality (VR). The shift towards more technology-enhanced learning environments is examined within multimedia learning principles, and the challenges posed by the digital divide. This study explores a phased approach to technology integration aiming to boost interactive learning opportunities including the potential use of the metaverse. The pedagogical strategies are discussed, emphasizing the importance of addressing diverse learner needs while promoting digital literacy. This article represents the initial phase of a broader longitudinal study aimed at observing the progression in the implementation of technology in online and distance education. Future studies will delve into aspects related to the research methodology, although this work introduces general principles. The article concludes with a reflection on the future of online and distance education, advocating for continued innovation to enhance educational accessibility, engagement, and outcomes for learners globally.2024-2
Psychological interventions to reduce burnout and depression in healthcare professionals: a systematic review
No full textHealth professionals are more susceptible to burnout and associated health problems, particularly depression and anxiety. The objective of this systematic review is to identify which psychological interventions aimed at reducing burnout and depressive symptoms in health professionals are effective and to explore their potential impact on related symptoms, including anxiety. A systematic review was conducted in the ProQuest, PubMed, and Scopus databases, resulting in eight studies. The proposed interventions were based on cognitive-behavioral approaches, mindfulness, and compassion-focused approaches for professionals experiencing mild depressive symptoms and moderate burnout levels. Five of the eight studies showed significant reductions in burnout and depression. However, further research is needed to draw evidence-based conclusions, especially regarding the impact on suicidality.2024-2
Influence of new technology on suicide risk: how do new generations communicate?
No full textSuicide is one of the leading causes of death among young people worldwide and the second leading cause of death among individuals aged 15 to 29. In this context, it is crucial to consider the ways in which young people interact: digital communication and information technologies have become the primary means through which they engage with the world.
The aim of this study is to examine the impact of social media communication on suicidal behavior. Data collection was conducted using a battery of tests from the SIVARIA project in schools. The sample consists of 1210 participants (females = 51,2%) of Spanish adolescents aged 12 to 18.
A descriptive analysis was conducted to explore the behaviour of variables, with particular attention to gender differences in the use of social media and preferences in help-seeking behavior—whether through interpersonal or online channels—in relation to suicidal behavior. The findings highlight the importance of recognizing digital environments as key spaces in youth socialization, with the potential to act both as risk factors and sources of support. These insights call for a rethinking of suicide prevention strategies, aligning them with the current modes of adolescent communication.
Given the increasing relevance of online interaction in the lives of younger generations, this study contributes to a better understanding of digital behavior patterns and offers valuable implications for early identification and prevention of suicide risk in adolescents.2024-2
La teoría evolutiva en la educación médica: desde Darwin hasta la tecnología educativa
Get PDFLa teoría de la evolución es un principio fundamental en las ciencias de la vida. Sin embargo, más de un siglo y medio después de la publicación de El origen de las especies de Charles Darwin, la medicina aún no ha integrado estos principios evolutivos en su práctica diaria o en la formación médica. Este trabajo propone una experiencia educativa que pretende promover la alfabetización evolutiva entre el estudiantado de Medicina, al mismo tiempo que impulsa habilidades esenciales del siglo XXI, como son las competencias científica, global y digital. La propuesta se asienta sobre un profundo análisis de las concepciones alternativas del alumnado y está enriquecida con los elementos innovadores que nos ofrecen las tecnologías educativas. Todo ello se enmarca en el estudio de problemas relevantes en el ámbito médico –como son la resistencia a los antibióticos, el surgimiento de enfermedades zoonóticas o la evolución de las poblaciones humanas frente a los patógenos– desde un enfoque globalizador como el de «Una Sola Salud» (One Health). El diagnóstico inicial revela carencias en el conocimiento y en la aceptación de ciertos aspectos de la teoría evolutiva. Tras llevar a cabo la propuesta educativa, se observa una mejora en estos conocimientos y un aumento en el interés y en la motivación por los temas abordados. Esto pone de manifiesto el potencial de las metodologías activas y de la tecnología educativa como impulsoras del aprendizaje, un aspecto que merece más atención dentro de los escenarios de Educación Superior.2024-2
La revolución de la inteligencia artificial: riesgos criminológicos y respuestas jurídicas desde Europa
No full textResumen: La irrupción de la inteligencia artificial (IA) está transformando radicalmente
los entornos sociales, económicos y jurídicos. En este contexto, surgen importantes
desafíos desde la perspectiva criminológica, tanto en términos de nuevas formas de delito
como de amenazas a derechos fundamentales. Este trabajo analiza los principales riesgos
criminológicos derivados de la IA, así como las respuestas jurídicas desarrolladas en el
ámbito europeo. Partiendo de la tecnocriminología y el marco VICA (volatilidad,
incertidumbre, complejidad y ambigüedad), se examinan cuestiones como los
ciberataques mediados por IA, la manipulación informativa mediante deepfakes, los
sistemas de vigilancia masiva y las implicaciones del desarrollo de una inteligencia
general artificial (AGI). Asimismo, se contrastan los enfoques de Estados Unidos, China
y Europa respecto a la gobernanza de la IA, destacando la apuesta europea por una
regulación ética y garantista. El estudio concluye con una reflexión sobre los equilibrios
entre innovación tecnológica, prevención del delito y protección de derechos
fundamentales en un contexto global crecientemente polarizadoAbstract: The emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) is radically transforming social,
economic, and legal environments. In this context, significant criminological challenges
arise, both in terms of new forms of crime and threats to fundamental rights. This paper
analyzes the main criminological risks stemming from AI, as well as the legal responses
developed within the European framework. Drawing on technocriminology and the
VUCA framework (volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity), issues such as AI driven cyberattacks, information manipulation through deepfakes, mass surveillance
systems, and the implications of the development of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI)
are examined. Additionally, the strategies of the United States, China, and Europe
regarding AI governance are compared, highlighting Europe’s commitment to ethical and
rights-based regulation. The study concludes with a reflection on the balance between
technological innovation, crime prevention, and the protection of fundamental rights in
an increasingly polarized global context.Universidad de Ixtlahuaca CUI (México)2024-2
Análisis de la consulta 1 del BOICAC 138, de junio de 2024
No full textDesarrollo y aplicación práctica de la consulta 1 del BOICAC 138, de junio de 2024, sobre el tratamiento contable de un contrato de alquiler en el que se sustituye parte de la renta por la realización de una obra.2024-2
El elemento subjetivo de la responsabilidad solidaria. Análisis de la STSJ de Murcia de 27 de marzo de 2024, rec. núm. 241/2022
No full textComentamos en estas líneas una sentencia del TSJ de Murcia, dictada a propósito de una responsabilidad tributaria solidaria del artículo 42.2 de la LGT, declarada y exigida a una entidad financiera por deudas de una persona que había abierto en ella unas cuentas a nombre de sus hijos, menores de edad. Como esta persona había venido desarrollando su actividad empresarial y personal utilizando esa cuenta, evitando así los embargos acordados por la Agencia Tributaria, para la AEAT es claro que la entidad financiera es responsable solidaria, por su colaboración en la ocultación. La cuestión que se debate en el procedimiento es si, teniendo en cuenta que la responsabilidad del artículo 42.2 de la LGT no consagra una responsabilidad objetiva, se puede sostener que en el caso concurre el elemento subjetivo de la entidad bancaria.2024-2