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Dynamic entropy of human blood
Get PDFTemperature control is a process that is used by biological systems to maintain a stable internal state for survival. People have an individually variable physiological temperature of about 36.6 °C, which can be modified by many undesirable factors. Based on an analysis of a time series of extracellular ionic fluxes that were obtained using the non-invasive solute-semiconductor interface technique,
I show that this extremely specific (critical) temperature is encoded by a local minimum in the dynamic entropy of an isolated drop of human blood. Moreover, a dynamic zeroth-order normal fluid/“superfluid” nonequilibrium phase transition, which was reflected by a spontaneous symmetry breaking that occurred in the phase space, was revealed. The critical scaling of the dynamic measures for the covariates such as the spectral signature and Lyapunov exponent was also determined.Temperature control is a process that is used by biological systems to maintain a stable internal state for survival. People have an individually variable physiological temperature of about 36.6 °C, which can be modified by many undesirable factors. Based on an analysis of a time series of extracellular ionic fluxes that were obtained using the non-invasive solute-semiconductor interface technique,
I show that this extremely specific (critical) temperature is encoded by a local minimum in the dynamic entropy of an isolated drop of human blood. Moreover, a dynamic zeroth-order normal fluid/“superfluid” nonequilibrium phase transition, which was reflected by a spontaneous symmetry breaking that occurred in the phase space, was revealed. The critical scaling of the dynamic measures for the covariates such as the spectral signature and Lyapunov exponent was also determined
Time-delayed effect of petroleum-derived products in soil and their bioremediation on plant - herbivore interaction
Get PDFThe aim of the study was to determine the time-delayed (after three years from the moment of soil
pollution) effect of petroleum-derived products (PDPs) (petrol, diesel fuel and used engine oil) on the interaction
between selected host plant (broad bean) and a herbivorous insect closely related to it (Sitona spp.). We assessed
the condition of the plant exposed to pollutants (i.e. its growth and chemical composition), then we evaluated
the attractiveness of the plant for both larvae and adults of the insect. The evaluation covered also the effect of
bioremediation by using ZB-01 biopreparation. The results showed that after 3 years from soil contamination, engine
oil and diesel fuel limited the feeding of adult sitona weevils while petrol caused increase in the attractiveness of
plants for these insects. The PDPs negatively affected the growth of plants. The changes in element content depended
on the type of pollutant. The biopreparation ZB-01 eliminated or reduced the differences caused by the presence of
PDPs in the soil regarding the chemical composition of the host plant, and limited feeding by both the larvae and
adult individuals of sitona weevils. The negative relationships between the contents of both some macroelements
(Mg, S) and heavy metals (Zn, Ni), and feeding of imago of Sitona were observed. The obtained results indicate that
PDPs remain for a long time in the environment and adversely affect not only the organisms directly exposed to the
pollution – plants growing on polluted soil but also further links of the trophic chain, i.e. herbivores
Synthesis and Thermal, Photophysical, Electrochemical Properties of 3,3-di[3-Arylcarbazol-9-ylmethyl]oxetane Derivatives
Get PDFNovel oxetane-functionalized derivatives were synthesized to find the impact of carbazole
substituents, such as 1-naphtyl, 9-ethylcarbazole and 4-(diphenylamino)phenyl, on their thermal,
photophysical and electrochemical properties. Additionally, to obtain the optimized ground-state
geometry and distribution of the frontier molecular orbital energy levels, density functional theory
(DFT) calculations were used. Thermal investigations showed that the obtained compounds are highly
thermally stable up to 360 C, as molecular glasses with glass transition temperatures in the range
of 142–165 C. UV–Vis and photoluminescence studies were performed in solvents of differing in
polarity, in the solid state as a thin film on glass substrate, and in powders, and were supported by DFT
calculations. They emitted radiation both in solution and in film with photoluminescence quantum
yield from 4% to 87%. Cyclic voltammetry measurements revealed that the materials undergo
an oxidation process. Next, the synthesized molecules were tested as hole transporting materials
(HTM) in perovskite solar cells with the structure FTO/b-TiO2/m-TiO2/perovskite/HTM/Au, and
photovoltaic parameters were compared with the reference device without the oxetane derivatives
Are There Unanswerable Questions? Mysterianism and its General Limitation Theorem in the Philosophy of Mind
Get PDFThe problem of mysterianism can be considered from two perspectives. The first is the attitude
to the question of determinability of the mystery or the issue of consciousness that can be
called the mysterian dispute. The second issue is the formulation of the problem itself, which
can be called the limitation theorem. In the paper the author describes from the second point
of view and concludes that problem of mysterianism is based on equivocation. On the one
hand, the explanation is sometimes understood as a complete solution to the problem (as when
one can present a correct proof of a theorem), on the other, as acceptable and satisfying the
conditions of a well-formed theory. There is no one and definite explaining theory – In the
sense that the classic ideal of science, which is based on the architectural model of knowledge,
gives to the term definitive explanation. At the same time, there are many explanatory concepts,
empirical hypotheses, and speculations that explain mental phenomena
The ruler in the 'citizen’s garb' or the image of dynasts in Trajan Decius’s coinage (249–251)
Get PDFThe article engages the problems of the promoting of the members of Trajan Decius’s family in the representations featured on medallions and coins (249–251). It focuses on the representations which feature two and three representatives of the dynasty. Such shared representations manifested the stability of the rule of the dynasty, the collaboration of the members of the dynasty and the resulting benefits for the empire and its inhabitants, which is indicated by the following ideas: concordia, pietas, liberalitas, promoted by the mint in Rome. The thing that links the imperial coinage with the provincial one is the representation of rules in togae, seated in sellae curules. Such an image of the members of the dynasty was utilised in the coins from Anazarbus. This is testimony to the significance of the imperial representations in the practical sphere, especially in the rivalry of the provincial elites for position in the region of the empire
National solidarity and unity in the works of fra Rajmund Rudež, fra Josip Vergilij Perić and don Ilija Ujević
Get PDFThe paper analyzes the cultural, literary, and political activities of three priests related to the area of Imotska Krajina in terms of their by origin, works and service. An analysis of selected political and literary texts written in the last two decades of the 19th century and at the beginning of the 20th century will show how the priests’ discourse followed the development of Croatian intelligentsia in terms of balancing between spiritual and political Slavic unity and the vision of an independent and properly united Croatia. While in political works the priests expressed stronger rebellion, their literary works are a continuation of pastoral work, but without greater artistic value with a clear didactic message. The purpose of both types of texts is to continue the revival work, to enlighten the Zagora part of Dalmatia and to spread Croatian thought. They differ in their view of the solution to the Croatian question, political affinities, level of engagement, position and function, while what they have in common is the work on internal harmony, which among those more politically engaged included rebellion against Croatia’s internal and external enemies
Introduction to the problem of metaphor and metonymy in Arabic
No full textMetaphor and metonymy, after a long time of being far from the centre of interest of linguistics, at the end of the twentieth century, thanks to, inter alia, cognitive linguists, became one of the central concepts for this field of knowledge. One of the most important areas of research in linguistics has been the consideration of differences in the ways of describing the world by using metaphors and metonymies in different languages. The Arabic language, as one of the languages with the largest number of users, characterized by different ways of conceptualization than in Indo-European languages, also by means of using metaphor and metonymy, as well as being interesting for linguists in terms of morphology, has become one of the most often analysed languages
in this respect of the world. The study presents a state of research on metaphor and metonymy in Arabic. In addition, the limitations of contemporary theories for the description of the aforementioned linguistic phenomena are discussed, along with possible further directions of research
Averaging and boosting methods in ensemble-based classifiers for text readability
Get PDFThe purpose of this paper is to investigate whether it is possible to predict text readability with ensemble-based classifiers. In this article, the authors calculated and analyzed the readability indices. In the next stage, they defined additional features for each text and determined the relationships between readability and features. Among the various tasks of machine learning, they chose the classification problem. The authors calculated and compared the accuracy of different machine learning models. After building the models, they proceeded to the Random decision forests model interpretation step using the SHAP method. The authors show that machine learning models based on only three features are capable of predicting text readability. Long sentences and a low percentage of stop words can cause low readability. The machine learning model shown in this paper allows to classify texts according to readability with a model accuracy of 0.9
Diagnosing Parkinson’s disease by means of ensemble classification of patients’ voice samples
Get PDFThis paper proposes a method for diagnosing Parkinson’s disease using ensemble classification of patient voice samples. Conducted research concerned testing the parameters of the ensemble of classifiers, in terms of types and numbers of classifiers included in it. More than a dozen popular classifiers were considered in the study. Additionally, for each of the tested classifiers, a set of features of voice samples were selected, for which a given classifier showed the highest classification efficiency. The Sequential Backward Selection (SBS), which belongs to the wrapper methods, was used for feature selection. The ensemble of classifiers was then tested in two cases, with all features considered and including only those indicated by the SBS method. The obtained results were compared with each other. All experiments were performed on a publicly available database containing voice samples of Parkinson’s patients and healthy patients. This database can be found in the UCI archives
Influence of tacticity on the glass-transition dynamics of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) under elevated pressure and geometrical nanoconfinement
Get PDFThe physicochemical properties of polymers can be modified by spatial configuration. Here, dielectric spectroscopy (DS) was employed to investigate the effect of the tacticity on the glass-transition dynamics of confined polymer films. We have also carried out dielectric relaxation studies at ambient and elevated pressure conditions. High-pressure measurements provide information on the sensitivity of the glass-transition dynamics to density changes, which can be helpful to better understand the confinement effect. For our study, we have chosen a glass-forming polymer, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), with two different tacticities (isotactic and syndiotactic) and an approximately equal molecular weight. We have shown that the segmental relaxation for the bulk syndiotactic PMMA is observed at a higher temperature range compared to the bulk isotactic PMMA. The experimental data analysis has also revealed that the molecular order influences the behavior of the polymer under increased pressure. The glass-transition dynamics of isotactic PMMA is more sensitive to the pressure/density changes than syndiotactic PMMA. Finally, we have also demonstrated that tacticity has a significant impact on the segmental dynamics of the confined polymer films. Syndiotactic PMMA has a stronger interaction with the substrate than isotactic PMMA, which is indicated by the higher amount of irreversibly adsorbed polymer chains. For this reason, the segmental dynamics of s-PMMA thin films follows the bulk behavior. In contrast, for i-PMMA, the confinement effects are pronounced, and the glass-transition dynamics accelerate with the reduction of the thickness of thin films