Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Śląskiego RE-BUŚ
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Visible-light amine thioxanthone derivatives as photoredox catalysts for photopolymerization processes
Get PDFHerein, mono- and disubstituted thioxanthones have been synthesized
and introduced as photosensitizers of iodonium salt for cationic and free-radical
photopolymerization of epoxy and an acrylate monomer, respectively. Photoinitiation
activity of these molecules was verified during photopolymerization processes performed
upon exposure to visible LEDs of 420, 455, and 470 nm. The kinetics of the
photopolymerization processes was followed using FT-IR spectroscopy. Moreover, the
developed compounds were proposed as strongly reducing metal-free photoredox
catalysts in organocatalyzed atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). Thioxanthone
derivatives (with alkyl halide) efficiently activate the ATRP of methyl
methacrylate using a visible LED as an irradiation source. The formed polymers in
the ATRP process were characterized by SEC. Apart from studying the photopolymerization
processes with the participation of obtained thioxanthones, absorption,
fluorescence, as well as electrochemical properties of thioxanthone derivatives were
investigated. Furthermore, the performance of studied compounds in 3D printing applications was also examined. The most
important result of this study is the design and possible application of photosensitizers/photocatalysts for photopolymerization
processes
Edukacja w szkołach z polskim językiem nauczania na Zaolziu w opiniach uczniów i ich rodziców
Get PDFDue to the status of a national minority, Poles in the Czech Republic
can make use of the rights granted to them. In this study, the legal aspects of the
functioning of the national minority were briefly characterized and the acts were
addressed which form the standards concerning the protection of these rights
both in the international and Czech law. The research based on the application
of the questionnaire method was conducted among the parents and children –
the learners from the ninth class of primary schools with Polish as the teaching
language in Zaolzie. This was aimed at finding out the opinions on education in
schools teaching in Polish.
The research results show that for the parents of learners educated in schools
with Polish as the teaching language the choice of school for their child is a manifestation
of their Polishness, whereas the reasons why their children attend these
schools is the possibility to learn Polish, the fact of being a Pole and the care for
preserving their Polishness
Od redakcji
Get PDF"W tym wydaniu „Studiów Etnologicznych i Antropologicznych” zapraszamy
przede wszystkim do refleksji nad wielowymiarową i transdycyplinarną
kategorią nocy – jej rolą, statusem, rozumieniem czy perspektywami
badawczymi i ramami teoretycznymi.[...] (fragm.
W parku sekwoi : Hitchcock/Marker/Godard
Get PDFTekst stanowi refleksję na temat wzajemnych relacji Hitchcocka,
Markera i Godarda. Główną ideą artykułu jest dostrzeżenie
istotnego wpływu tego pierwszego na obu
francuskich artystów, który w proponowanym ujęciu przejawia
się w oddziaływaniu Zawrotu głowy (1958) na Pomost
(1962), Bez słońca (1983) oraz Immemory (1997) Markera,
a także na Nową falę (1990) i Historie kina (1988-1998) Godarda.
Autorka zauważa, że francuscy reżyserzy wykorzystali
ten sam film Hitchcocka, ale w nieco odmienny sposób.
Obaj zaakcentowali uniwersalność opowieści o pamięci/zapominaniu
oraz docenili kunszt twórcy thrillera, który był
doskonałym, czułym na obraz stylistą. Jednak każdy z nich
na swój sposób kreował postać Hitchcocka w swych dziełach.
Marker podkreślał umiejętność manipulowania czasem
i przestrzenią, doskonałość niemal ascetycznej formy
zawartej w Hitchcockowskich prostych obrazach. Godard
polegał zaś na Hitchcocku jako na mistrzu kina, następcy
wielkich malarzy, który wywierał na publiczność ogromny
wpływ dzięki umiejętności opowiadania filmowych historii
obrazami
Exposure to PM4 in homes with tobacco smoke in and around Katowice, Poland
Get PDFThe results of a PM4 (airborne particles with an aerodynamic diameter less than 4 m) study
in Katowice and in the surrounding area in homes with and without environmental tobacco smoke
(ETS) are presented. It was found that the average concentration of PM4 inside the homes with
ETS was between 126 g m3 (in Jaworzno) and 208 g m3 (in Katowice)—significantly higher
than in the homes without smokers (55–65 g m3). The mean of the indoor to outdoor ratios (I/O)
for PM4 varied greatly, ranging from 0.6 in the apartments without smokers in Katowice to 5.2
in the homes with smokers in Jaworzno. The highly polluted by ETS indoor air causes children
aged 14–15 living in these homes to inhale from 2.5 to 6.6 mg of PM4 more per day than their peers
living in non-ETS homes. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to determine the surface
chemical composition of the studied indoor airborne particles. Carbon, including elemental carbon,
and oxygen-containing species dominated the particulate surface, with traces of Si, N, S, Na, Al, Zn,
and K present. The surface layer of PM4 from the homes with ETS contains significantly more carbon
and less oxygen than the airborne particles collected in the homes without smokers, which can be
explained by the high emission of carbon during tobacco smoking
Effect of the surface polarity, through employing nonpolar spacer groups, on the glass-transition dynamics of poly(phenyl methylsiloxane) confined in alumina nanopores
Get PDFBroadband dielectric spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry were used to study the effect of changes in
the surface conditions on the segmental dynamics of poly(phenylmethylsiloxane) confined in alumina nanopores. Functionalization
was done using highly polar propyl phosphoric units separated by the assumed concentration of triethoxysilane groups (from N = 0
to N = 24). By adjusting the proportion between polar units and nonpolar spacers, it was possible to control the surface polarity.
Modification of the surface conditions does not inhibit the formation of the adsorbed layer, as revealed by the presence of two Tg’s in
calorimetric results. However, changes in the surface polarity will prevent the growth of the additional interlayer in between the core
volume and the interfacial layer. Finally, we also found that the changes in the surface polarity affect the equilibration kinetics and
can be used to control the time scale of the structural recovery toward the equilibrium state
“Posiadam majątek, posiadam dzieci” – konceptualizacja leksemu “posiadać” na przestrzeni wieków
Get PDFThis paper illustrates the semantic transformations of the lexeme possess
(posiadać) – from land ownership to experience (present in modern job applications).
The author focuses not only on the diachronic dictionary-corpus analysis,
but most of all on the contemporary understanding of ownership, pointing to
the most common valencies. The thesis of the article is as follows: the present
meaning of the concept of possessing is radically different from the meanings produced in previous centuries, because for the first time in history it does not
refer only to the material sphere, but also to the immaterial, or even axiological
(to possess children, to possess knowledge) one. This, in turn, is related to the
development of the so-called “Consumer Polish”, which the researcher analyzes
in her doctoral dissertation. This particular type of Polish appears today in a colloquial
form and reflects significant mental changes (according to the theory of
cognitive linguistics)
Zagłada zwierząt i ludzi. Lektura „Poematu o miejskiej rzeźni" Tadeusza Śliwiaka
Get PDFThe aim of the article is an interpretation of Tadeusz Śliwiak’s Poemat o miejskiej
rzeźni. Śliwiak puts equal signs between the slaughterhouse and the concentration
camp, and between the suffering of Jews and farm animals with which he enters the
modern discussion on these matters. The poet, trying to understand “the first law
of wolf ” and “the last law of man”, realizes that there are no boundaries between
“human” and “animal”; that one should accept the animalistic part of human existence.
In the perspective of war, death and extermination, everyone suffers likewise
The involvement of the Polish Division in the Battle of Almonacid de Toledo on 11 August 1809
No full textThis article discusses the participation of the Polish Division [of the Duchy of Warsaw] in theTalavera Campaign which culminated in the battle of Almonacid de Toledo on 11 August 1809. The Polish Division was composed of three infantry regiments: the 4th regimen commanded by Colonel Feliks Potocki, the 7th regimen commanded by Colonel Maciej Sobolewski), and the 9th regimen commanded by Colonel Antoni Paweł Sulkowski. Under the Bayonne Agreement signed in May 1808, Polish soldiers were paid by France and were to be relocated to serve on the Rhine. However, in the autumn of 1808, the Polish Division marched to Spain, where an uprising broke out against King Joseph Bonaparte who had been placed on the Spanish throne by Napoleon. The conflict quickly escalated into a war, and regular Spanish forces were backed by British units. The Polish Division suffered heavy losses in the Battle of Almonacid which was the bloodiest military conflict fought by the division in Spain. The Polish Division’s involvement in the battle has never been analyzed in detail in the literature. The article aims to fill this knowledge gap in Polish historiography
Vernachlässigung, Zeitmangel oder gängige Praxis der mittelalterlichen Kanzleien? Über fehlende Initialen in schlesischen Dokumenten
No full textDespite the fact that it was common practice for medieval law chancelleries to put into
legal circulation documents with missing initials, this phenomenon has been neglected by research.
Iwona Pietrzyk’s article partially fills this gap by examining a collection of medieval
documents issued by Silesian chancelleries. Her choice of this material has been determined by
the specificity of Silesia itself, with its numerous territorial authorities subject to changes over
time, its economic, ethnic and cultural diversity, and its rich diplomatic material. Pietrzyk’s
research indicates that documents without initials were in circulation in Silesia throughout the
Middle Ages. They were issued by various chancelleries, both lay and ecclesiastical, and they came from both the issuer and the recipient. Pietrzyk argues that we are dealing here with the
common practice of medieval chancelleries, rather than with an individual oversight or negligence
of a clerk. On the basis of her analysis, Pietrzyk concludes that the decision to leave an
empty space in place of an initial was not that of the issuer of the document or the chancelleries
staff, but that of the recipient, who, bearing the costs of drawing up the diploma, had the right
to decide on its more or less elaborate graphic form. Also, it was for the recipient to decide to
leave an empty space in order to fill the gap in the future with an initial appropriate to the rank
of the document