Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Śląskiego RE-BUŚ
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Językowy kontekst mechanizmów lustrzanych. Nie tylko o tym, dlaczego warto czytać i opowiadać dzieciom
Get PDF"Istnieje wiele teorii, które wyjaśniają pochodzenie i znaczenie języka. Zdolność
do nadawania znaczeń określonym zbiorom dźwięków, jakie potrafi precyzyjnie wytworzyć
ludzki aparat mowy, zdecydowanie poszerza nasze możliwości przystosowawcze.
Mimo licznych badań, ogromnego zainteresowania specjalistów z wielu różnych dziedzin –
od filozofii po neurobiologię, antropologię, lingwistykę i socjologię – i mimo faktu, że
wszystkie znane nam zbiorowości ludzkie korzystają z możliwości, jakie daje kultura słowa,
wciąż nic pewnego nie wiemy na temat jej początków. Nie wiemy nawet, od jak dawna
nasi przodkowie korzystają z językowych możliwości. Słowa nie kamienieją, nie zostawiają więc śladów w zapisie kopalnym. Nie kamienieją, ale potrafi ą zadawać ból, podobnie jak
rzucone w kogoś prawdziwe kamienie. I nie jest to przenośnia." (fragm.
The Advances and Challenges of Liposome-Assisted Drug Release in the Presence of Serum Albumin Molecules: The Influence of Surrounding pH
Get PDFThe aim of this study is to prepare a liposomal delivery system for 5-methyl-12 (H)-
quino[3,4-b]-1,4-benzothiazine chloride (5-MBT) and study the in vitro release characteristics. The
release of 5-MBT from a liposomal complex with human serum albumin (HSA) [LDPPC/5-MBT]:HSA
was examined using the spectrophotometric method and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
Electronic paramagnetic resonance was used to assess the influence of the pH of the environment on
the conformation of phospholipids, the latter determining the degree of release of the encapsulated
compound. The applied mathematical models made it possible to determine the necessary analytical
parameters to facilitate the process of potential drug release from liposomes. The complexes formed
by liposomal 5-MBT with serum albumin (HSA) particles allowed for the description of the Fick
process. The change in the polarity of the phospholipid membrane resulting from the changes in
the pH of the surroundings, significantly influenced the percentage of 5-MBT entrapment in the
liposomes. It also affected the release percentage
Use of xanthan gum for whole cell immobilization and its impact in bioremediation - a review
Get PDFXanthan gum is one of the exo-polysaccharides produced by bacteria and is characterized
by unique non-Newtonian properties. Its structure and conformation strongly depend on the
fermentation conditions and such factors as temperature and ions concentration. The
properties of the xanthan gum were appreciated in the controlled drug delivery but in the
crosslinked form. Due to its ability to enhance the survival rate of immobilized bacteria, the
potential of a crosslinked form is promising. Unfortunately, xanthan gum crosslinking
procedures often require toxic substances or harsh environmental conditions, which cannot
be used in the entrapment of living cells. In this study, we summarised a crosslinking
method that could potentially be modified to reduce its toxicity to living cells. Moreover,
this review also includes using xanthan gum in bioremediation studies and possible
utilization methods to avoid carrier accumulation in the environment
Insights into the Histone Acetylation-Mediated Regulation of the Transcription Factor Genes That Control the Embryogenic Transition in the Somatic Cells of Arabidopsis
Get PDFSomatic embryogenesis (SE), which is a process that involves the in vitro-induced embryogenic
reprogramming of plant somatic cells, requires dynamic changes in the cell transcriptome. These
changes are fine-tuned by many genetic and epigenetic factors, including posttranslational histone
modifications such as histone acetylation. Antagonistically acting enzymes, histone acetyltransferases
(HATs) and deacetylases (HDACs), which control histone acetylation in many developmental processes,
are believed to control SE. However, the function of specific HAT/HDACs and the genes
that are subjected to histone acetylation-mediated regulation during SE have yet to be revealed.
Here, we present the global and gene-specific changes in histone acetylation in Arabidopsis explants
that are undergoing SE. In the TSA (trichostatin A)-induced SE, we demonstrate that H3 and H4
acetylation might control the expression of the critical transcription factor (TF) genes of a vital role in
SE, including LEC1, LEC2 (LEAFY COTYLEDON 1; 2), FUS3 (FUSCA 3) and MYB118 (MYB DOMAIN
PROTEIN 118). Within the HATs and HDACs, which mainly positively regulate SE, we identified
HDA19 as negatively affecting SE by regulating LEC1, LEC2 and BBM. Finally, we provide some
evidence on the role of HDA19 in the histone acetylation-mediated regulation of LEC2 during SE. Our
results reveal an essential function of histone acetylation in the epigenetic mechanisms that control
the TF genes that play critical roles in the embryogenic reprogramming of plant somatic cells. The
results implicate the complexity of Hac-related gene regulation in embryogenic induction and point
to differences in the regulatory mechanisms that are involved in auxin- and TSA-induced SE
Detection of soil pipe network by geophysical approach: Electromagnetic induction (EMI) and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT)
No full textStudying soil pipes is a methodological challenge that needs improvement in detection methods in order to better recognize the role of piping erosion in land degradation and hillslope hydrology. This study explores electromagnetic induction (EMI) and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) in order to identify soil pipes. The study was conducted in a mountainous area (the Bieszczady Mountains, SE Poland) under a temperate climate, where pipes develop in silty-clayey soils. In the plot area, eight profiles were measured by the conductivity meter at different depths and then interpolated to present apparent electrical conductivity (ECa). Also, six ERT profiles were carried out using the Wenner-Schlumberger electrode configuration. The ECa values measured by EMI are not very diversified, suggesting its lower sensitivity to changes in the ECa, whereas the ECa values measured by ERT are characterized by greater fluctuation, that is, better detection possibilities. ERT has revealed soil pipes as zones of higher electrical resistivity (ER >268 Ωm) than their surroundings (characterized below pipes by ER 427 Ωm), whereas EMI has revealed its higher sensitivity to water content. The EMI results have shown the lowering of the water table in the lower part of the slope, perhaps because of the drainage by a complex pipe network. EMI allows quick measurements of ECa providing information on water content, and thus indirectly soil pipes, but, it cannot delineate individual pipes. Only the integration of geophysical methods supported by field recognition provides an effective method to detect soil pipes
Effect of Drought and Heavy Metal Contamination on Growth and Photosynthesis of Silver Birch Trees Growing on Post-Industrial Heaps
Get PDFSilver birch trees (Betula pendula Roth) are a pioneering species in post-industrial habitats,
and have been associated with an expansive breeding strategy and low habitat requirements. We
conducted ecophysiological and dendroclimatological studies to check whether there are any features
of which the modification enables birch trees to colonise extreme habitats successfully. We characterised
the efficiency of the photosynthetic apparatus, the gas exchange, the content of pigments in
leaves, and the growth (leaf thickness and tree-ring width) of birch trees on a post-coal mine heap,
a post-smelter heap, and a reference site. Birch growth was limited mainly by temperature and water
availability during summer, and the leaves of the birch growing on post-industrial heaps were significantly
thicker than the reference leaves. Moreover, birch trees growing on heaps were characterised by
a significantly higher content of flavonols and anthocyanins in leaves and higher non-photochemical
quenching. In addition, birches growing on the post-coal mine heap accumulated a concentration of
Mn in their leaves, which is highly toxic for most plant species. Increasing the thickness of leaves,
and the content of flavonols and anthocyanins, as well as efficient non-photochemical quenching
seem to be important features that improve the colonization of extreme habitats by birches
Is the Right to Live in an Environment with Clean Air a Personal Interest? Selected Issues
Get PDFThis article attempts to synthetically discuss the right to live in a clean environment through the prism of the regulations on personal interests. The aim is to bring this issue closer to the Czech reader, which could be a contribution to the international academic discussion in this field. First, the author points to the socio-economic background of the current poor air quality in Poland, and then goes on to try to define a personal good and a clean environment. She then presents the relevant case law and the position of the legal scholarship in this respect, with a simultaneous attempt to determine the consequences of any discrepancies
A Minimal Flavor Model for Neutrino Mass and Leptogenesis
Get PDFTo explain the observed neutrino mixing, we exploit an A4 discrete flavor symmetric model, where neutrino masses are generated via type-I seesaw. Thanks to the flavor structure of the model, only the normal hierarchy of neutrino mass is allowed, atmospheric mixing falls in the lower octant, and leptonic CP phases including the Majorana phases also get constrained. Owing to the symmetry, the right-handed neutrinos are degenerate to start with. Once we include the renormalization group running this degeneracy can be lifted and adequate lepton asymmetry can be generated
Efficiency of Geospatial Technology and Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis for Groundwater Potential Mapping in a Semi-Arid Region
Get PDFThe increasing water demand in Egypt causes massive stress on groundwater resources. The high variability in the groundwater depth, aquifer properties, terrain characteristics, and shortage of rainfall make it necessary to identify the groundwater potentiality in semi-arid regions. This study used the possibilities of multi-criteria decision approaches (MCDA), geographical information system (GIS), and groundwater field data to delineate potential groundwater zones in the Tushka area, west of Lake Nasser, South Egypt. Furthermore, groundwater potentiality identification can help decision-makers better plan and manage the water resources in this promising area. Eight controlling factors were utilized to achieve the objective of the present work using multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) approaches, namely the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and frequency ratio (FR) models. The controlling parameters were integrated with the geographic information system (GIS) to develop the zones of groundwater potentialities. The results revealed that high and moderate-potential zones cover approximately 61% and 52% of the total area in the AHP and FR models, respectively. A total of 44 groundwater production wells along with the well yield were collected and used to validate the models. The results were evaluated using the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve. The best-performing prediction rates achieved by AHP and FR were 83% and 81%, respectively. Finally, the obtained results indicated that the AHP model achieved better performance than the FR model
Middle Devonian brachiopod-hosted sclerobiont assemblage from the northern shelf of Gondwana (Mader Basin, Morocco): Diversity, colonization patterns and relation to coeval palaeocommunities
Get PDFMiddle Devonian (Eifelian/Givetian transition) brachiopod-hosted sclerobiont assemblage from Gondwana
(Morocco, eastern Anti-Atlas, Mader Basin) has been studied for the first time. The analysis of hundreds of
brachiopod shells revealed at least 26 sclerobiont taxa, making the studied palaeoecommunity one of the most
diverse Middle Devonian sclerobiont assemblage reported to date. The palaeocommunity is dominated by
encrusting organisms, in particular bryozoans, foraminifers, ascodictyids and microconchids, whereas bioeroders
are represented by Clionolithes and Oichnus ichnospecies. As supported by microfacies, fossil preservation and the
presence of encrusting Rothpletzella algae, the sclerobionts developed in a calm, euphotic, offshore marine
environment situated below normal wave base. Prevalence of articulated shells without signs of either extensive
mineral staining, or taphonomic alteration resulting from hydrodynamic processes, as well as preservation of
some delicate encrusters (Vinella, Rothpletzella), indicate that the palaeocommunity did not undergo extensive
time-averaging. The hosts were colonized syn vivo, as evidenced by the epibiont growth near the commissure
margin, the presence of shell malformations and even embedded auloporid corals and cornulitid tubeworms.
Competition for space among sclerobionts was apparently limited, as suggested by the very low number of
overgrowth interactions, indicating that the shelly substrate available for colonization was abundant. The
presence of the same dominant groups of sclerobionts on different host taxa indicates a lack of species-selectivity
by these colonizing sclerobionts. It also suggests that the sclerobiont species pool in the environment was
generally similar throughout the deposition of the sampled rock interval. As testified by the host brachiopod and
bryozoan species, the sclerobiont assemblage from this locality of northern Gondwana had strong affinities with
those from the southern margin of Laurussia, most likely reflecting strong connectivity between these regions
provided by the South Equatorial – North Gondwana current system during the late Eifelian Kaˇc´ak transgressive
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