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Hearing the Unheard: Effect of Bilingualism on Detection of Foreign Phonological Contrasts and Coarticulation Violations
Get PDFThe goal of this research was to investigate potential differences in phonological processing between monolinguals and bilinguals. To this end, I analyzed behavioral performance and event-related potential (ERP) responses of bilingual and monolingual individuals performing 2 experimental tasks tapping into phonology. More specifically, I explored how English native speakers who were either monolingual or bilingual differed in detecting subtle coarticulatory violations using cross-spliced stimuli (Experiment 1) and foreign contrasts using English-Russian contrasts /i/ - /ɨ/ (Experiment 2). In both experiments, no differences in behavioral responses between monolingual and bilingual participants were found. In contrast, in both experiments, bilingual participants showed stronger mismatch negativity (MMN) responses to deviant stimuli compared to monolingual participants, demonstrating stronger sensitivity to subtle phonological differences. These findings suggest that bilingual experience managing two language systems has an effect on pre-attentive sensitivity due to cognitive flexibility
Symphony of Scraps: Constructing Sound Machines and Producing Scorescapes to Express Tactile Encounters with Sonic Phenomena and their Implications toward Perceptions of Space and Identity
No full textThis thesis is a reflection on sound’s role as a driving force in shaping my identity as a musician, a designer, and a maker. Through the design and construction of sound machines – while simultaneously using research and recollection to articulate and enrich existing processes for conceptualizing and interrogating sound’s influence – the thesis reveals sound’s physical dimension and explores its intersection with space and identity. Examination is conducted through an interdisciplinary lens comprising historical, scientific, and ethnomusicological contributions to sound-related studies with vital accounts and methodologies of the artificer. The exploration moves beyond understanding sound exclusively in its audible domain, drawing from Martin Daughtry’s concept of the belliphonic, Yolande Harris’ scorescapes, and writings on intuition and design to explore how sound contributes to spatial perception and constructions of identity. By visually registering sonic phenomena, the sound machines present alternative ways to extract meaning and understanding from sonically charged experiences
Urban Digital Twins: A Public Good Infrastructure?
Get PDFAs cities face growing challenges from climate change and urbanization, urban digital twins might offer a solution. Current discourse about UDTs is predominantly technologically solutionist, overlooking their public sociotechnical infrastructure characteristics. This thesis examines whether UDTs ought to be governed as public goods, in the way that infrastructures are. Using a critical technology perspective, this thesis applies socio-technological data assemblage and actor-network theory to analyze UDT development in Canada by studying the discursive regimes of the three DT national organizations: buildingSmart Canada, BuildingTransformations, and the Subsurface Utilities Mapping Strategy Forum. Findings show that UDT development in Canada, being driven by the private sector includes barely focuses on the publics wellbeing and there is a lack of stakeholder collaboration. The thesis concludes that UDTs ought be governed as a public good, where stakeholders collaborate in their creation, also that their societal benefits be emphasized and that they be ensure sustainably developed
Effect of Redundancy on Seismic Performance of Braced Frame Buildings in Eastern and Western Canada
Get PDFStructural redundancy plays a critical role in the seismic performance of buildings. However, in Canada, it is not explicitly addressed in design codes, and other standards, such as ASCE 7-22, apply uniform redundancy factors without accounting for system-specific variations. This study investigates redundancy effects in chevron braced steel frame buildings using nine five-storey archetypes with varying bracing layouts and configurations, designed for Montreal and Vancouver. Archetypes were analyzed in OpenSees using pushover and incremental dynamic analyses (IDA). Pushover results showed that redundancy, particularly through additional braced bays, improved overstrength. IDA results revealed similar trends at the Life Safety and Collapse Prevention levels, while Immediate Occupancy was more influenced by brace quantity than layout. Regression analyses confirmed strong correlations between performance metrics and structural parameters. This work presents a performance-based framework for redundancy assessment to support refinement of seismic design standards and evaluation procedures in Canada and the United States
Ottawa's Future Middle: Utilising Minor Corridors for Affordable Housing Opportunities in Ottawa's Inner Urban Neighbourhoods
Get PDFOttawa, Ontario is currently preparing for a major zoning overhaul. The new Official Plan pushes intensification throughout the entire city, with changes that will be felt in every neighbourhood. The Inner Urban Transect, and by extension the Minor Corridors within it, will be under the greatest pressure to intensify. However, under the current building code the types of units these buildings will have will be counterproductive to the Official Plan’s goal of promoting Middle Housing. However, changes to the building code are coming that will change that prospect, with the allowance of a single exit stair alternative typologies will present opportunities to utilize these minor corridors to their full potential and open the doors to create middle housing largely missing from urban neighbourhoods
On Components of the Moduli Space of Artin Schelter Regular Algebras of Dimension Four
Get PDFWe explore two interrelated aspects of Hochschild cohomology for Koszul Artin-Schelter regular algebras of dimension four. First, we compute the Hochschild cohomology and the Kodaira-Spencer map for known families of these algebras. We demonstrate that when the Kodaira-Spencer map at a point is surjective, the image of the family forms a component of the moduli space. Furthermore, when this map is bijective, the induced map to the moduli space is finite, allowing us to identify specific components of the moduli space. Second, we investigate the Hochschild cohomology of the Koszul dual of Skew polynomial algebra. We seek to determine conditions on the parameters _{} that result in an increase in Hochschild cohomology, aiming to construct families that intersect the K_[] component
Investigating Code Review Quality in ML Libraries: Patterns of Missed Bugs and Bug Detection with LLMs
Get PDFML techniques, increasingly used in real-world scenarios, often rely on open-source codebases that may contain bugs with far-reaching consequences. Despite developers' efforts, these codebases remain prone to hard-to-detect issues, exacerbated by their complexity. This thesis investigates code review quality in five major ML libraries (PyTorch, TensorFlow, Scikit-learn, NumPy, Pandas). We analyze missed bugs in pull requests (PRs) spanning three years, finding that the most frequent bugs are not intrinsic to ML but stem from human factors and external aspects, and that the percentage of PRs that miss bugs ranges from 11.71% to 25.65%. We evaluate SOTA large language models (LLMs) for bug type detection, revealing that LLMs are generally effective in identifying bug types and can enhance automated code review routines. These findings offer valuable insights into the blind spots in current review practices, the limitations of LLMs, and the potential for more robust software development processes