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Exploring Black girls' schooling narratives: Questions of belonging, identity and inclusion
No full textThe education system in Canada is one aspect of a larger interconnected system that perpetuates ideologies that powerfully privileges white identity, and portrays many Canadians as 'others' who do not belong. These ideologies have implications for outcomes for students of colour and their abilities to create a sense of belonging in school. This thesis presents students’ schooling experiences that reveal the complex interplay between schooling, identity, belonging, and colonial ideologies by conducting ethnographic fieldwork with young people attending an after-school program in Ontario. It specifically focuses on the experiences of six self-identified Black girls to add to the small amount of research in Canada that explores their nuanced experiences. It suggests that initiatives aimed towards more inclusive schooling should approach the matter through genuine adult-child partnerships to help better address the barriers to belonging especially for Black girls in particular who continue to experience exclusion in schools
Paleoproterozoic Large Igneous Province Record of the Peräpohja Belt, Northern Finland
Get PDFThe Peräpohja Schist Belt, northern Finland, represents an intercontinental rifting sequence from 2.45-1.98 Ga, in which new geochemical data was collected. Throughout this period, several large igneous provinces (LIP’s) were emplaced, which progressed from mixed melts dominated by an early lithospheric mantle source to later more depleted mantle sources. Volcanic units are geochemically heterogeneous due to differing melting depths and partial melting degrees between flows, while intrusive units are generally homogeneous. The Unmapped Unit can be geochemically linked to the Koli Sill. The volcanics of the >2.08 Ga Väystäjä Formation can be linked to the 2.07 Ga Fort Frances dykes in Superior. Although the 2.44-2.22 Ga Runkaus Formation cannot be directly chemically linked to the 2.45 Ga Thessalon Formation, they are potentially members of the same LIP event. While most of these LIP’s are not prospective for chalcophile element mineralization, the Koli Sill is a potentially attractive target for exploration
The fall migration ecology of a declining aerial insectivore, the Bank Swallow (Riparia riparia)
Get PDFMigratory animals are experiencing population declines worldwide. Knowledge of a species’ movements, habitat use and geographic linkages throughout the annual cycle is an important first step to understand the drivers of population declines. I used the Motus Wildlife Tracking System to track the fall migration of 610 Bank Swallows (Riparia riparia) from breeding sites across North America. Bank Swallows appeared to follow three migration routes (Western, Central, and Eastern), two of which were previously undocumented for the species. Swallows that followed the Central route departed later than Eastern birds in 2022 and had faster migration pace and ground speeds than Eastern and Western birds in both years. These results highlight that Bank Swallows from different breeding regions in North America may be exposed to different threats as they migrate and suggest that the appropriate scale of management is that of the migration route rather than province/territory/state
Separating the vascular and nonvascular sources of magnetic susceptibility in physiological MRI techniques based on the reversible transverse relaxation rate, R2’
No full textThe blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signal is the most common functional MRI technique for mapping human brain organization. It is a qualitative measure that reflects changes in oxygen metabolism and blood flow driven by changes in brain activity. Various techniques exist to quantify physiological parameters underlying the BOLD signal, primarily based on relating them to the transverse relaxation rates. Quantitative susceptibility maps measured in subjects at rest and during a hypercapnic challenge were used to determine how much vasculature contributes to magnetic susceptibility compared to other tissues. Iso-oxygen saturation maps show the apparent oxygen saturation of blood where the susceptibility of blood and surrounding non-blood tissue would be equivalent, it is closer to 0.9. Non-blood susceptibility creates bias in quantifying oxygen metabolism in gas-free calibrated BOLD and quantitative BOLD. Iso-oxygen saturation of blood was found to be lower in deeper cortical tissue and to negatively correlate with non-heme iron concentration
Effects of Impact Conditions on Intracranial Displacements and Deformation in Post-Mortem Human Subjects
Get PDFTraumatic brain injury is a prevalent injury in sports and motor vehicle accidents. Prediction and prevention of traumatic brain injury is reliant on a thorough understanding of the brain’s biomechanics. The current level of understanding of the dynamic response of the brain to injurious loading conditions is limited due to the difficulty in measuring intracranial responses in biofidelic environments. This thesis outlines methodologies used to measure the intracranial displacements and deformations resulting from varying impact conditions. Two specimens were embedded with radiopaque elastomeric markers, and high-speed X-ray imaging system was used to measure the resulting intracranial displacements. One specimen was subjected to frontal impacts using a medium compliant impactor, and a second specimen was subjected to rear impacts using a low compliant impactor. Intracranial deformations were measured within the anatomic regions within the brain. The dynamic response of each specimen was compared to determine the effects of the impact conditions
Walking in the “Meanwhile”: Fieldnotes on Spatial Violence in Beirut
Get PDFThis dissertation is an investigation of spatial violence in Beirut through a critical walking practice grounded in a feminist ethnographic approach as a methodology of learning. It focuses on key architectural and civic spaces in the city, including its Walls of shame, bitter towers, and urban squares. As a scholarly project, this research is located in the “meanwhile,” a deliberate spatial and temporal uncertainty maintained by the state (sulta) and its various corporate alliances with companies like Solidere. Between 2018 and 2023, my practice of walking, along with photographic fieldwork, critical mapping and oral history, captured what I call “the spaces of the void,” which emerged as a result of the sulta’s particular forms of urban and political control: its manufacturing of spatial violence. This violence exists behind Beirut’s wall of shame (2015 and 2019), around the tower of bitterness (1975 – onwards), and within the squares – what should be, today, vibrant public spaces. Living in the “meanwhile,” the spaces of the void enable both the recollection of past violence and the anticipation of future violence. On 17 October 2019, this “meanwhile” was abruptly interrupted by a historical popular uprising (the thawra), and people reclaimed (and filled) the spaces of the void in their cities, demanding the downfall of the sulta. Despite the sulta’s extensive securitization of the city in response to large-scale protests, the organic urban planning practice of protestors in the streets (re)creating their public space – arrested the decades-long production of the spaces of the void. The research shows a reconceptualization of a network of spatial violence (Part II) into spaces of the thawra (Part III). Consequently, this dissertation begins with an investigation of spatial violence and concludes with a participatory practice of architecture – in partnership with marginalized communities – rooted in spatial justice. In doing so, and despite contributing to a growing body of urban geopolitics and security studies, the research further poses the question of spatial violence, not as pertaining entirely to theories of violence and space, but to the practice of architecture in its pursuit of spatial justice
Broadening the Base : Land Claims Agreements Coalition Advocacy for a National Modern Treaty Implementation Policy
Get PDFImagine Beyond the Assumed: Universal Accessibility in Heritage Buildings
No full textThis thesis uses the Somerset House as a model for exploring the potential of applying Universal Accessibility concepts in heritage buildings. By reconciling heritage conservation imperatives with Universal Accessibility, often perceived as conflicting, we can transform and revitalize downtown Ottawa. The design proposal focuses on how visitors experience the building, from the moment of their arrival to their navigation and use throughout the building. It focuses on design considerations specific to persons with visual impairments, concerns that aren’t fully captured in building codes and standards. The thesis concludes by outlining tools architects can use to help them co-design with persons with disabilities. The proactive measures proposed in this thesis are urgently needed to create more inclusive environments, in light of the aging Canadian population and the federal and provincial commitments to eliminate, prevent, and reduce accessibility barriers by 2040
