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Multidimensional stable driven McKean–Vlasov SDEs with distributional interaction kernel: a regularization by noise perspective
No full textInternational audienceIn this work, we are interested in establishing weak and strong well-posedness for McKean–Vlasov SDEs with additive stable noise and a convolution type non-linear drift with singular interaction kernel in the framework of Lebesgue–Besov spaces. We prove that the well-posedness of the system holds for the thresholds (in terms of regularity indexes) deriving from the scaling of the noise and that the corresponding SDE can be understood in the classical sense. Especially, we characterize quantitatively how the non-linearity allows to go beyond the stronger thresholds, coming from Bony’s paraproduct rule, usually obtained for linear SDEs with singular interaction kernels. We also specifically characterize in function of the stability index of the driving noise and the parameters of the drift when the dichotomy between weak and strong uniqueness occurs
The enchanted inheritance: traces of the family business founders
No full textInternational audienceWhen we inherit a family business, we inherit much more than the ownership of the business. The legacy is not limited to the responsibility of running the business but also includes the ghostly presence of the person or persons who passed it on, in the form of traces that permeate the present. These traces are not so much imprints that determine possible paths, as the remaining material, immaterial and emotional presence of the past. We use autoethnographic accounts to explore complexities and contradictions experienced as a family business successor. This ghostly presence appears in manifold forms, it calls for respect and working through, and as an additional affective grammar that complements and sometimes thwarts the logic of business
Dialogue mechanisms between astrocytic and neuronal networks: A whole-brain modelling approach
No full textInternational audienceAstrocytes critically shape whole-brain structure and function by forming extensive gap junctional networks that intimately and actively interact with neurons. Despite their importance, existing computational models of whole-brain activity ignore the roles of astrocytes while primarily focusing on neurons. Addressing this oversight, we introduce a biophysical neural mass network model, designed to capture the dynamic interplay between astrocytes and neurons via glutamatergic and GABAergic transmission pathways. This network model proposes that neural dynamics are constrained by a two-layered structural network interconnecting both astrocytic and neuronal populations, allowing us to investigate astrocytes’ modulatory influences on whole-brain activity and emerging functional connectivity patterns. By developing a simulation methodology, informed by bifurcation and multilayer network theories, we demonstrate that the dialogue between astrocytic and neuronal networks manifests over fast–slow fluctuation mechanisms as well as through phase–amplitude connectivity processes. The findings from our research represent a significant leap forward in the modeling of glial-neuronal collaboration, promising deeper insights into their collaborative roles across health and disease states
Revival of traditional agricultural systems – A multidisciplinary on‐farm survey of maize‐bean intercropping reveals unexpected competition effects on beans
No full textRaw reads from metabarcoding data have been deposited in the DDBJ/EMBL/GeneBank under accession number PRJNA 1112577 and similarly for raw reads from QuantSeq 3’RNA-seq under accession number PRJNA 1115135. Raw phenotypic data and input files to run the code have been deposited on recherche.data.gouv.fr with the DOI https://doi.org/10.57745/BZMPT9. RNAseq and phenotypic data analyses codes are available at recherche.data.gouv.fr with the DOI https://doi.org/10.57745/BZMPT9.International audienceSocietal Impact Statement. Cereal‐legume intercropping is a promising strategy for sustainable agroecosystems, leveraging the biological complementarities between plant species to reduce the need for inputs while enhancing field biodiversity. Here, we focused on maize‐bean intercropping, which is experiencing a revival in conventional agricultural settings. In such settings, intercropping was characterized more by competition than synergy, primarily affecting yield and gene expression in beans, which, despite a reduced yield, produced larger seeds. Our findings highlight the importance of selecting suitable varieties and adjusting agricultural practices to take full advantage of the intercrop. Summary.- Cereal‐legume intercropping is a promising strategy for sustainable agroecosystems. The traditional intercropping of maize and bean is experiencing a revival in some modern agricultural settings, such as in southwestern France, where maize hybrids are intercropped with the commercialized Tarbais bean. We conducted on‐farm surveys and a field assay to address the following questions: How does the cropping system impact yield, nutrient uptake, and rhizosphere bacterial assemblages? Do positive or negative interactions between maize and beans dominate in intercropping? What is the effect of intercropping on plant transcriptomics? - We recorded farming practices, conducted yield and nutrient measurements, and characterized soil bacterial assemblages to compare sole‐cropped maize and beans with intercropped plants. A controlled field assay was also established to extend this comparison to plant gene expression differences.- Intercropping was associated with a trend toward increased bacterial diversity. The cropping system significantly influenced agronomic traits, with frequent farm‐by‐cropping system interactions underscoring the critical role of farming practices. Competition dominated maize‐bean intercropping, with 34 negative correlations among the 47 significant ones between maize and bean traits. This competition affected yield and nutrition, but primarily impacted beans, which produced fewer but bigger/heavier seeds. Transcriptomic results concurred with these findings, revealing no differentially expressed genes in maize but 5,070 in beans under competition.- Overall, our findings suggest that beneficial interactions between the two crops are hindered under current field conditions, underscoring the importance of carefully considering partner varieties and farming practices to revive traditional agricultural systems.L'association céréale‐légumineuse constitue une stratégie prometteuse pour des agroécosystèmes durables, qui repose sur des complémentarités biologiques entre espèces afin de réduire le besoin en intrants tout en renforçant la biodiversité des parcelles. Nous nous sommes concentrés sur l'association maïs‐haricot, qui connaît un regain d'intérêt dans les systèmes agricoles conventionnels. Dans ces systèmes, cette association se caractérisait davantage par une compétition que par une synergie, affectant principalement le rendement et l'expression génique chez le haricot, lequel, malgré une baisse de rendement, produisait des graines plus grosses. Notre étude souligne l'importance de sélectionner des variétés adaptées et d'ajuster les pratiques agricoles afin de tirer pleinement parti de l'association
Action recognition using part and attention enhanced feature fusion
No full textInternational audienceIn various studies on skeleton-based action recognition, graph convolution has been widely used to extract crucial skeleton information. However, existing methods often face challenges in effectively capturing the motion relationships between distinct body parts, such as the coordination between the torso and limbs. To address these limitations, this paper constructs a novel Part and Attention enhanced Feature Fusion Network (PAFFNet). First, we construct center-of-gravity dynamics within semantic body parts to enhance motion representation and capture dynamic trends. Additionally, we design Joint-based Feature Fusion (JFF) stream and Bone-based Feature Fusion (BFF) stream to extract and fuse complementary information between constructed local parted and global skeleton features for enhanced motion representation. Furthermore, an Improved Adaptive Graph Convolution (IAGC) block with denoising and attention mechanisms is proposed to prioritize critical semantic features. Experiments conducted on the NTU RGB+D and Kinetics-Skeleton datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of PAFFNet in improving skeleton-based action recognition
Reinforcement Learning with Model-Based Static Output Feedback for Vehicle Lateral Control
No full textInternational audienceThis paper investigates Reinforcement Learning (RL) for model-based static output feedback, with a focus on vehicle lateral control applications such as lane-keeping and lane-change maneuvers. Emphasizing stability during learning to prevent unsafe actions, the study reviews recent RL advancements and compares policy iteration (PI) and policy search (PS) methods in terms of convergence speed and stability. A two-degree-of-freedom bicycle model is employed to validate the proposed PI algorithm for static output feedback, highlighting its faster convergence compared to PS and its competitive performance against traditional Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) control. Results demonstrate the practicality and efficiency of RL for stable real-time vehicle control
Women Writing Intimacy and Resistance. Not So Private Conversations: “I wanted to see if no still meant somethin’” or Female and Cherokee Resilience in Betty by Tiffany McDaniel
No full textInternational audienceThis collection explores how women writers in the English-speaking world transform personal intimacy into political engagement, challenging cultural oppression across genres—life writing, novels, poetry, and theatre—from the 19th century to today. Guided by the feminist slogan “the personal is political,” it bridges feminist, decolonial, ethnic, and queer studies, revealing how gender-based domination intersects with other forms of oppression. The authors highlight how these writers, across various forms of expression, imagine new modes of resistance and carve out space for social change
Harcèlement sexuel en amphi… – Cour de cassation, crim. 12 mars 2025
No full textInternational audienceEn octobre 2021, sur le fondement de l'article 40 du code de procédure pénale, le président de l'université de Haute-Alsace saisissait le procureur de la République pour dénoncer des propos et attitudes sexistes et dénigrants imputés à un maître de conférences de droit public. La presse relatait la vulgarité des propos enregistrés par des étudiants. L'enseignant-chercheur fut alors poursuivi devant le tribunal correctionnel et déclaré coupable du chef notamment de harcèlement sexuel par personne abusant de l'autorité que lui confèrent ses fonctions, faits commis au préjudice de quinze étudiants, et condamné à douze mois d'emprisonnement avec sursis et à une interdiction d'exercer pendant trois ans. La cour d'appel de Colmar réforma partiellement la première décision, relaxant l'enseignant-chercheur du chef des faits de harcèlement sexuel au préjudice de quatorze étudiants, au motif que « ces derniers n'ont pas été visés directement par les propos ou comportements à connotation sexuelle ou sexiste du prévenu, adressés à la cantonade lors de cours ou de séances de travaux dirigés ». Seul un fait de harcèlement aggravé commis à l'égard d'un étudiant était confirmé. La peine fut ramenée à six mois d'emprisonnement avec sursis, un an d'interdiction professionnelle et un an d'inéligibilité. La décision fut frappée à la fois d'un pourvoi formé par l'intéressé et par l'université de Haute-Alsace. Statuant sur le moyen de l'université de Haute-Alsace, partie civile, la chambre criminelle censure le raisonnement tenu au visa de l'article 222-33, I, 1° du code pénal, qui renvoie à la première forme du délit
Ultra-sensitive detection of transposon insertions across multiple families by transposable element display sequencing
No full textInternational audienceBackground. Mobilization of transposable elements (TEs) can generate large effect mutations. However, due to the difficulty of detecting new TE insertions in genomes and the typically rare occurrence of transposition, the actual rate, distribution, and population dynamics of new insertions remain largely unexplored.Results. We present a TE display sequencing approach that leverages target amplification of TE extremities to detect non-reference TE insertions with high specificity and sensitivity, enabling the detection of insertions at frequencies as low as 1 in 250,000 within a DNA sample. Moreover, this method allows the simultaneous detection of insertions for distinct TE families, including both retrotransposons and DNA transposons, enhancing its versatility and cost-effectiveness for investigating complex "mobilomes." When combined with nanopore sequencing, this approach enables the identification of insertions using long-read information and achieves a turnaround time from DNA extraction to insertion identification of less than 24 h, significantly reducing the time-to-answer. By analyzing a population of Arabidopsis thaliana plants undergoing a transposition burst, we demonstrate the power of the multiplex TE display sequencing to analyze "evolve and resequence" experiments. Notably, we find that 3-4% of de novo TE insertions exhibit recurrent allele frequency changes indicative of either positive or negative selection.Conclusions. TE display sequencing is an ultra-sensitive, specific, simple, and cost-effective approach for investigating the rate and landscape of new TE insertions across multiple families in large-scale population experiments. We provide a step-by-step experimental protocol and ready-to-use bioinformatic pipelines to facilitate its straightforward implementation
Etudier l’hypnose dans une perspective de sociologie écologique des professions : des choix épistémiques aux choix méthodologiques
No full textInternational audienceCommunication dans la partie "Les grandes étapes de la thèse", axe 1 "De la conception à la réalisation