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Ensuring trustworthiness in autoethnographic research in applied linguistics: Criticisms and coping strategies
No full textThis paper critically examines the concept of trustworthiness in autoethnographic research, a qualitative approach often challenged on various methodological and epistemological grounds. It begins with a personal narrative, illustrating how autoethnography resonates deeply with the author’s academic and professional identity. The paper then engages with four recurring critiques frequently directed at autoethnographic work, namely invisible data, over-subjectivity, misrepresentation of others, and navel-gazing. Each critique is explored in depth, followed by practical and theoretical strategies to mitigate its impact. These include data triangulation, reflexive questioning, collaborative validation, ethical representation, and alignment with established qualitative research criteria. Drawing on constructivist epistemologies, the study argues that when handled rigorously, personal experience can serve as a legitimate and valuable source of knowledge. The paper concludes with implications for both autoethnographers and critics, advocating for more reflexive, transparent, and dialogic practices that elevate the scholarly value of autoethnography while preserving its distinctive voice and transformative potential
"Commendable in an Ottoman of his background": Christopher Ferrard and a reassessment of his contributions on Islamic literary sciences
No full text[Early Access]This paper critically assesses Christopher Ferrard’s (d. 2024)contributions to the study of nineteenth-century Ottomanrhetorical scholarship. In particular, it examines Ferrard’s definitionof rhetoric as necessarily grounded in national literary traditionsand his assessment of the scholarly output based on its alignmentwith a nation-centric approach. We demonstrate how thisconceptual framework results in favorable evaluations of scholarswho advocated for a nation-centric approach while leading tonegative assessments of those who upheld the universality ofbalāgha and sought to vernacularize it in the Ottoman context. Weconclude by advocating for further research that offers morecomprehensive accounts of Ottoman rhetorical thought, balancinguniversalist and particularist perspectives
Yükseköğretim kurumlarında gelir çeşitlendirmesi: Sistematik literatür taraması
No full textThis study aims to screen the revenue diversification strategies of higher education institutions worldwide. It will shed light on the academic discussion on various ways of income generation and related trends in the context of universities. This paper employs a systematic literature review (SLR) method using the Web of Science and Scopus databases. The timeframe included in the study is from 2004 to 2024. With each category revealing critical features of revenue diversification strategies in higher education, this analysis has found five dominant themes in the selected literature. While the available literature was selected through keyword entries to save time and effort, only peer-reviewed articles were included, avoiding other potential sources such as books and doctoral dissertations related to the field. Researchers, policy makers, and managers concerned with revenue diversification in higher education can benefit from this study, as it strives to identify gaps in the field, provide suggestions for better implementation of RD strategies, and facilitate insights into regulation improvements. This research can help scientists concentrate on the research gaps by providing synthesized knowledge about income diversification in higher education, as it utilizes the SLR method, which is crucial for integrating and showcasing the scientific evidence emerging from quantitative and qualitative literature.Bu çalışma, dünya genelindeki yükseköğretim kurumlarının gelir çeşitlendirme stratejilerini taramayı amaçlamaktadır. Üniversiteler bağlamında çeşitli gelir yaratma yolları ve ilgili eğilimler hakkındaki akademik tartışmalara ışık tutacaktır. Bu çalışmada, Web of Science ve Scopus veri tabanları kullanılarak sistematik literatür taraması (SLR) yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmaya dahil edilen zaman dilimi 2004'ten 2024'e kadardır. Yükseköğretimde gelir çeşitlendirme stratejilerinin kritik özelliklerini ortaya koyan her bir kategori ile bu analiz, seçilen literatürde beş baskın tema bulmuştur. Mevcut literatürün seçimi, zamandan ve emekten tasarruf etmek için anahtar kelime girişleri yoluyla yapılırken, alanla ilgili kitaplar ve doktora tezleri gibi diğer potansiyel kaynaklardan kaçınarak yalnızca hakemli makaleler dahil edilmiştir. Yükseköğretimde gelir çeşitlendirmesi alanıyla ilgilenen araştırmacılar, karar mercileri ve yöneticiler, alandaki boşlukları tespit etmeye çalıştığı, RD stratejilerinin daha iyi uygulanmasına yönelik öneriler sunduğu ve düzenlemelerdeki iyileştirmelere yönelik içgörüleri kolaylaştırdığı için bu çalışmadan faydalanabilir. Bu araştırma, nicel ve nitel literatürden ortaya çıkan bilimsel kanıtları bütünleştirmek ve sergilemek için çok önemli olan SLR yöntemini kullandığından, yükseköğretimde gelir çeşitlendirmesi hakkında sentezlenmiş bilgi sağlayarak bilim insanlarının araştırma boşluklarına odaklanmasına yardımcı olabilir
Eski krallığın yeni yüzü: Suudi Arabistan'ın dış politika değişimi
No full textThis thesis examines Saudi Arabia's foreign policy transformation through the lens of strategic hedging, focusing on the Kingdom's response to the United States' partial withdrawal. Anchored in neorealism, the analysis contends that Saudi Arabia's foreign policy shift reflects broader structural changes in the international system, as the Kingdom seeks to balance its longstanding ties with the U.S. while engaging rising powers such as China. Though not a global power, Saudi Arabia is conceptualized as a secondary state—regionally influential yet systemically constrained—making it a typical case for hedging behavior in times of global uncertainty. Vision 2030, introduced in 2016, plays a central role in this shift by promoting economic diversification, reducing oil dependency, and enhancing geopolitical autonomy. Using a qualitative methodology, the thesis employs textual analysis of official statements, policy documents, and scholarly sources to explore the intersection between internal reform and external realignment. A key focus is Saudi Arabia's growing partnership with China, especially through the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and the Digital Silk Road (DSR), which align with Vision 2030's objectives in infrastructure, technology, and renewable energy. These initiatives illustrate how Chinese cooperation enhances Saudi Arabia's economic capacity while reducing reliance on U.S. support. The thesis also investigates Saudi Arabia's rapprochement with Iran, closer ties with Russia, and increased involvement in BRICS as calculated hedging strategies. These developments are interpreted not as ad hoc reactions, but as part of a coherent effort to reposition the Kingdom within an emerging multipolar world order. The findings demonstrate that Saudi Arabia's hedging behavior is both adaptive and strategic, aimed at consolidating regional influence and ensuring long-term resilience. This research contributes to the literature on strategic hedging and secondary state behavior by analyzing how states navigate hegemonic decline and multipolarity.Bu tez, Suudi Arabistan'ın dış politikasındaki değişimi stratejik dengeleme teorisi çerçevesinde incelemekte ve Riyad'ın ABD'nin kısmi terk edişine nasıl uyum sağladığını ele almaktadır. Neo realizm temelinde şekillenen çalışma, Suudi Arabistan'ın stratejik değişiminin uluslararası düzende meydana gelen daha geniş yapısal değişimlerin bir yansıması olduğunu savunmaktadır. Suudi Arabistan'ın ABD ile Çin gibi yükselen güçler arasında denge kurmaya çalıştığı ve herhangi bir tarafa tam olarak bağlanmadan stratejik manevra yaptığı ileri sürülmektedir. 2016'da duyurulan Vizyon 2030, bu yeniden yapılanmanın temelini oluşturmakta; ekonomik çeşitliliği teşvik etmekte, petrole bağımlılığı azaltmakta ve jeopolitik bağımsızlığı güçlendirmektedir. Tez, resmi belgeler, politika analizleri ve akademik kaynakların metin analizine dayalı nitel bir metodoloji kullanarak, Suudi Arabistan'ın 2030 Vizyonu kapsamındaki iç reformların dış politika stratejisiyle nasıl örtüştüğünü incelemektedir. Önemli bir odak noktası, Suudi Arabistan'ın Kuşak ve Yol Girişimi kapsamındaki Dijital İpek Yolu aracılığıyla Çin ile artan ortaklığıdır. Bu ortaklık, teknoloji, altyapı ve yenilenebilir enerji gibi alanlarda 2030 Vizyonu'nun hedefleriyle uyum sağlamaktadır. Tez, Suudi Arabistan'ın Çin yatırımlarını ve teknolojik uzmanlığını kullanarak ekonomik ve politik konumunu nasıl güçlendirdiğini, ABD'ye bağımlılığı nasıl azalttığını ve çok kutuplu bir dünyada kendini nasıl konumlandırdığını ortaya koymaktadır. Ayrıca, Suudi Arabistan'ın İran ile normalleşmesi, BRICS'e katılımı ve Rusya ile derinleşen ilişkileri, küresel düzende meydana gelen karmaşık değişimlere uyum sağlamak için izlenen hesaplı dengeleme stratejileri olarak ele alınmaktadır. Bulgular, Suudi Arabistan'ın dengeleme stratejisinin sadece tepkisel değil, aynı zamanda jeopolitik etki ve uzun vadeli ekonomik ve politik istikrar sağlama çabası olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu çalışma, hegemonik gücün azalmasına ikincil devletlerin nasıl uyum sağladığını ve ortaya çıkan çok kutuplulukla nasıl başa çıktığını ortaya koyarak stratejik dengeleme literatürüne katkıda bulunmaktadır
The effect of positive childhood experiences on the conception of God: A quantitative study on adults
No full textBu araştırmada, olumlu çocukluk yaşantıları ile Tanrı tasavvuru arasındaki ilişki konu edinilmiştir. Tanrı tasavvuru, din psikolojisinin temel inceleme alanlarından biri olup bireylerin çocukluk döneminde yaşadıkları deneyimlerin dinî kavrayışları ve Tanrı algıları üzerindeki rolü, bu alandaki kritik araştırma problemlerinden biri olmayı sürdürmektedir. Bu bağlamda, çalışmanın amacı, olumlu çocukluk yaşantıları ile Tanrı tasavvuru arasındaki ilişkiyi ve yönünü tespit etmektir. Bu temel amacın yanı sıra hem olumlu çocukluk yaşantıları hem de Tanrı tasavvurunun yaş, cinsiyet, eğitim durumu, meslek, çocukluk dönemindeki sosyo-ekonomik durum, kardeş sayısı, çocuklukta kiminle büyüdüğü ve din eğitimi durumu değişkenlerine göre farklılaşma olup olmadığını ortaya koymaktır. Araştırmada, nicel yöntem belirlenmiş olup, anket tekniği ile veriler toplanmıştır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak kişisel bilgi formu, olumlu çocukluk yaşantıları ölçeği ve Tanrı tasavvuru ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Bu araştırmanın evreni Türkiye'de ikamet eden yetişkinler olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada örneklem seçiminde basit rastgele örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bu yöntem ile toplamda 315 birey örnekleme dahil edilmiştir. Toplanan veriler SPSS programında analiz edilerek iki grup arasındaki farklılıkları belirlemek için t-testi, çoklu grup analizleri için Anova testi uygulanmıştır. Ayrıca, olumlu çocukluk yaşantıları ile Tanrı algısı arasındaki ilişkinin yönü ve gücü korelasyon analiziyle değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmanın teorik kısmında araştırmanın kavramsal çerçevesi çizilecek, çocukluk yaşantıları ve Tanrı algısı kavramları din psikolojisi perspektifinden ele alınacaktır. Pozitif çocukluk yaşantılarının Tanrı algısının oluşumundaki etkileri, din psikolojisi kuramları doğrultusunda detaylandırılacaktır. Uygulama bölümünde ise ölçeklerden elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda olumlu çocukluk yaşantısı ile Tanrı tasavvuru arasındaki bağıntı ve sosyo-demografik değişkenlere göre farklılaşma düzeyleri analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre sosyo-demografik değişkenlerin olumlu çocukluk yaşantıları ve Tanrı tasavvuruna yönelik tutumlarda farklılaşmaya sebep olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Araştırmada, olumlu çocukluk yaşantıları ile Tanrı'ya yönelik olumlu duygular boyutu arasında istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı pozitif bir ilişki bulunurken; uzak/umursamaz Tanrı boyutu arasında anlamlı negatif bir ilişki saptanmıştır.In this study, the relationship between positive childhood experiences and God concept is addressed. The concept of God is one of the central areas of inquiry in the psychology of religion, and the role of experiences lived during childhood in shaping individuals' religious understanding and perception of God continues to be a critical research issue in this field. In this context, the aim of the study is to determine the nature and direction of the relationship between positive childhood experiences and the concept of God. In addition to this primary objective, the study also seeks to reveal whether both positive childhood experiences and God concept differ according to variables such as age, gender, educational background, occupation, socio-economic status during childhood, number of siblings, the person(s) the individual grew up with, and religious education background. A quantitative method was adopted in the study, and data were collected through a questionnaire technique. The data collection instruments included a personal information form, the Positive Childhood Experiences Scale, and the God Concept Scale. The population of the study consisted of adults residing in Turkey. A simple random sampling method was used for sample selection, resulting in the inclusion of 315 participants. The data were analyzed using the SPSS program. A t-test was conducted to determine the differences between two groups, and ANOVA was applied for analyses involving multiple groups. Furthermore, the direction and strength of the relationship between positive childhood experiences and the concept of God were assessed through correlation analysis. In the theoretical part of the study, the conceptual framework of the research is outlined, and the concepts of childhood experiences and the perception of God are discussed from the perspective of the psychology of religion. The effects of positive childhood experiences on the formation of the concept of God are elaborated based on theories in the psychology of religion. In the application section, based on the findings obtained from the scales, the relationship between positive childhood experiences and the concept of God, as well as differences according to socio-demographic variables, are analyzed. According to the results, socio-demographic variables were found to lead to significant differences in attitudes toward positive childhood experiences and the God concept. The study revealed a statistically significant positive correlation between positive childhood experiences and the "Positive Emotions Toward God" dimension, while a significant negative correlation was identified with the "Distant/Indifferent God" dimension
What happens to DID clients after an earthquake: A case series
No full textOn February 6, 2024, following two major earthquakes in Türkiye, over 35,000 buildings collapsed, and approximately 50,000 people lost their lives. In response, our university psychology department established a psychotherapy center in the affected region as a social responsibility project, providing services for seven months. During this period, 820 clients were reached, and dissociative identity disorder (DID) was identified in 16 of them (around 2%). The identification was made possible by a team experienced in DID, who incorporated it into routine differential diagnosis. The clients, aged 12 to 37, included 13 females. Analysis revealed that DID symptoms worsened for 11 clients after the earthquake, with increased issues such as anger and, in some cases, the emergence of new alternate identities. One child client experienced the first appearance of an alternate identity after the earthquake. These findings emphasize the necessity of monitoring DID patients after disasters and delivering treatments specifically tailored to their needs
Introspective awareness and its predictive power on health anxiety: A cross-sectional study
No full textBackground: The COVID-19 pandemic has precipitated widespread health anxiety, affecting populations globally. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between introspective awareness and health anxiety levels.
Methods: Employing a cross-sectional design and the convenience sampling method, 350 residents of Richmond Hill of Canada with an age of 18 and above participated in this study in year 2023. Health anxiety was assessed using the Health Anxiety Inventory (HAI), while introspective awareness was measured via the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA), encompassing eight subscales. Pearson correlation and linear regression analyses were conducted to explore the predictive relationships between introspective awareness components and health anxiety.
Results: The participants had a slight female predominance (53.43%), diverse age distribution, and the majority having post-secondary education (81.43%). Noticing (r = -0.45, p 0.05). The regression model revealed that these components significantly predicted health anxiety levels, accounting for approximately 42% of the variance (R^2 = 0.42, F(2, 347) = 48.35, p < 0.001). Specifically, increases in Noticing and Emotional Awareness were associated with decreases in health anxiety scores (B = -3.45 and B = -4.12, respectively; p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Considering the results, enhancing aspects of introspective awareness, such as Noticing and Emotional Awareness, could be crucial in developing interventions aimed at reducing health anxiety in pandemic conditions and beyond
The hidden drivers of social transfers: Understanding how risk perception influences social transfer decisions in Turkey
No full textTargeted transfer programs have gained significant attention as effective tools for poverty alleviation. While the targeting mechanisms in social transfer programs have been successful in identifying individuals in need, their implementation often encounters challenges and failures. This study seeks to examine the differences in risk perception among poor households regarding their participation in social transfer programs. A theoretical model was developed to explore the relationship between risk aversion and financial transfers, and the analysis was further supported by statistical and econometric methods using the Income and Living Conditions Survey of Türkiye. The findings indicate that, under varying levels of risk aversion, while the impact of economy-wide risks on the uptake of social transfers remains consistent, idiosyncratic shocks and changes in utility have differential effects on participation. Specifically, households with higher levels of risk aversion tend to participate more actively in social transfer programs. These results underscore the importance of households’ risk perceptions in shaping policies related to social transfers and poverty reduction. Programs should incorporate behavioral factors alongside economic indicators to improve efficiency and fairness. This study's validity is limited by the assumption of a constant risk aversion coefficient for all households, as individual risk preferences were not measurable
Significance of leadership styles on crew resource management and aircraft accidents
No full textOver the past few decades, human error has surpassed system malfunctions as the primary cause of aircraft accidents due to advancements in aviation technology. Crew Resource Management (CRM) has emerged as a pivotal tool to mitigate human errors and optimize operations. Effective leadership is a cornerstone of successful CRM. This study investigates the impact of various leadership styles on CRM performance and its effect on aircraft accidents. By analyzing cockpit voice recorder transcripts and official accident reports from five major accidents per decade between 1970s and 2010s, it is found that both democratic and autocratic leadership, in their extreme forms, can negatively influence CRM skills and cause accidents. While the hierarchical structure of aviation necessitates some degree of autocratic leadership, democratic leadership can foster continuous communication among crew members, a vital aspect of safe operations. Our findings suggest that flight leaders should adopt a contingency-based leadership approach, adapting their style to the specific demands of each situation to ensure safe and efficient flights. This research contributes to airline CRM training programs and flight safety policies. Its evidence-based findings provide practical guidance for educators to design effective CRM training. Analyzing crew conversations during crises offers valuable insights for trainees/students to understand appropriate leadership
The collection of multidisciplinary waqf studies – II: Waqf and society
Get PDFIt is with great academic satisfaction that we present the second volume of the Collection of Multidisciplinary Waqf Studies. This series serves as a continuation of the academic exploration of the waqf institution’s diverse potential. It acts as a crucial platform for intellectual discourse, fostering interdisciplinary dialogue to illuminate the vast potential and contemporary relevance of the waqf institution. As the world confronts escalating social and economic challenges, the timeless principles of waqf offer innovative pathways for fostering social justice, equity, and sustainable development