Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca- Università del Salento
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Una poco nota traduzione della ‘Strage degl’Innocenti’ di G.B. Marino: la Innocentium cladis traductio (1691) di N. G. Prescimone
No full textIl saggio si propone di esaminare una poco nota traduzione latina della Strage degl’Innocenti di G. B. Marino, con l’obiettivo di inquadrarla nell’ambito delle teorie e delle pratiche traduttologiche della fi ne del xvii secolo e di indagarne gli aspetti retorico-stilistici in riferimento alla resa del suo originale
Contrast-Enhanced Harmonic Endoscopic Ultrasonography for Prediction of Aggressiveness and Treatment Response in Patients with Pancreatic Lesions
No full text: Endoscopic ultrasonography represents a crucial aspect of the diagnosis of pancreatic lesions. The echo-endoscopic features of pancreatic lesions, particularly their contrast behavior with the advent of Contrast-Enhanced EUS (CE-EUS) and Contrast Enhanced Harmonic-EUS (CH-EUS), can predict a lesion's aggressiveness, depending on its nature. According to this, CH-EUS could be applied to structure an even more dedicated approach to patient care, for example, to ascertain eligibility for surgical intervention of a pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) or the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in cases deemed borderline resectable. In addition to PDAC, other significant issues pertain to the management of small neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs). In this context, CH-EUS can be crucial. The aim of this review is to underline the most recent evidence for EUS and CH-EUS applications in pancreatic lesion aggressiveness assessment and to focus on possible future research directions to further extend the application of CH-EUS in this field
Prediction of Parkinson disease using long-term, short-term acoustic features based on machine learning
No full textParkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer’s disease, affecting countless individuals worldwide. PD is characterized by the onset of a marked motor symptomatology in association with several non-motor manifestations. The clinical phase of the disease is usually preceded by a long prodromal phase, devoid of overt motor symptomatology but often showing some conditions such as sleep disturbance, constipation, anosmia, and phonatory changes. To date, speech analysis appears to be a promising digital biomarker to anticipate even 10 years before the onset of clinical PD, as well serving as a useful prognostic tool for patient follow-up. That is why, the voice can be nominated as the non-invasive method to detect PD from healthy subjects (HS). Methods: Our study was based on cross-sectional study to analysis voice impairment. A dataset comprising 81 voice samples (41 from healthy individuals and 40 from PD patients) was utilized to train and evaluate common machine learning (ML) models using various types of features, including long-term (jitter, shimmer, and cepstral peak prominence (CPP)), short-term features (Mel-frequency cepstral coefficient (MFCC)), and non-standard measurements (pitch period entropy (PPE) and recurrence period density entropy (RPDE)). The study adopted multiple machine learning (ML) algorithms, including random forest (RF), K-nearest neighbors (KNN), decision tree (DT), naïve Bayes (NB), support vector machines (SVM), and logistic regression (LR). Cross-validation technique was applied to ensure the reliability of performance metrics on train and test subsets. These metrics (accuracy, recall, and precision), help determine the most effective models for distinguishing PD from healthy subjects. Result: Among all the algorithms used in this research, random forest (RF) was the best-performing model, achieving an accuracy of 82.72% with a ROC-AUC score of 89.65%. Although other models, such as support vector machine (SVM), could be considered with an accuracy of 75.29% and a ROC-AUC score of 82.63%, RF was by far the best one when evaluated across all metrics. The K-nearest neighbor (KNN) and decision tree (DT) performed the worst. Notably, by combining a comprehensive set of long-term, short-term, and non-standard acoustic features, unlike previous studies that typically focused on only a subset, our study achieved higher predictive performance, offering a more robust model for early PD detection. Conclusions: This study highlights the potential of combining advanced acoustic analysis with ML algorithms to develop non-invasive and reliable tools for early PD detection, offering substantial benefits for the healthcare sector
Comparative Safety of JAK Inhibitors vs TNF Antagonists in Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
No full textImportance: Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors are highly effective medications for several immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs). However, safety concerns have led to regulatory restrictions. Objective: To compare the risk of adverse events with JAK inhibitors vs tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antagonists in patients with IMIDs in head-to-head comparative effectiveness studies. Data sources: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, the Ovid Medline, Ovid EMBASE, and Web of Science databases were searched from inception to June 25, 2025. Study selection: Head-to-head comparative effectiveness studies of adults (aged ≥18 years) with IMIDs (including rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis, or spondyloarthropathy) treated with either JAK inhibitors or TNF antagonists were included. Randomized clinical trials, noncomparative observational studies, studies not reporting outcomes of interest or focused solely on specific safety events, and studies with a sample size of less than 500 were excluded. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) reporting guideline was followed. Data extraction and synthesis: Four investigators independently, and in pairs, abstracted data from included studies. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to obtain incidence rates (IRs) and hazard ratios (HRs) for JAK inhibitors vs TNF antagonists for each safety outcome (serious infections, malignant neoplasms, major cardiovascular events [MACEs], or venous thromboembolism [VTE]), adjusting for key confounding variables. Heterogeneity was quantified using the I2 statistic. Risk of bias was assessed by 2 investigators independently using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Main outcomes and measures: The primary outcome was risk of serious infections, malignant neoplasms, MACEs, or VTE. Results: This meta-analysis of 42 studies with low to moderate risk of bias included 813 881 patients (median age, 55.7 years [IQR, 53.0-59.0 years] for JAK inhibitor users and 51.5 years [IQR, 42.7-57.4 years] for TNF antagonist users; 76.5% female). For patients using JAK inhibitors vs TNF antagonists, there was no significant difference in risk of serious infections (IR, 3.79 [95% CI, 2.85-5.05] vs 3.03 [2.32-3.95] per 100 person-years; pooled HR, 1.05 [95% CI, 0.97-1.13]), malignant neoplasms (IR, 1.00 [0.77-1.31] vs 0.94 [0.72-1.22] per 100 person-years; pooled HR, 1.02 [0.90-1.16]), or MACEs (IR, 0.72 [0.56-0.92] vs 0.66 [0.49-0.89] per 100 person-years; pooled HR, 0.91 [0.80-1.04]), with minimal to moderate heterogeneity. There was a slightly higher risk of VTE with JAK inhibitors vs TNF antagonists (IR, 0.57 [95% CI, 0.40-0.82] vs 0.52 [0.37-0.73] per 100 person-years; pooled HR, 1.26 [95% CI, 1.03-1.54]). Effect estimates were largely stable across subgroups and on meta-regression. Conclusions and relevance: The head-to-head studies in this systematic review and meta-analysis did not identify any meaningful difference in the risk of serious infections, malignant neoplasms, or MACEs with JAK inhibitor vs TNF antagonist use across all IMIDs, with low overall incidence. JAK inhibitor use was associated with a slightly higher risk of VTE. Further research, especially long-term studies, is needed to fully elucidate the safety of JAK inhibitors and TNF antagonists across diverse populations and optimize clinical use
Ml and Geostatistical Methods for Spatial Downscaling Air Quality Data
No full textAir quality monitoring processes aimed at preventing environmental risks at small areas, require very high spatial resolution information for several hazardous air pollutants, as well as for those meteorological conditions that most influence air quality. However, almost all the available data sets usually refer to long time-series recorded irregularly over the area of interest, at a coarse spatial resolution. In this context, effective methods for the spatial downscaling are needed to interpolate/forecast the variable of interest in a higher resolution, both in univariate and multivariate scenario. In this paper, a mixed approach based on blind source separation, deep kriging and graph neural networks is proposed for spatial downscaling and an application to ozone concentrations and meteorological variables is developed
Military Orders and women in medieval Italy
No full textA systematic study on this topic has never been carried out, due to great dispersion of available Italian primary sources. The aim of this paper is to approach the issue from four different directions: at first, the presence of women as professed members of the Hospital of St. John and, in some possible cases also of the Temple. This theme is related to the female congregations or communities under the patronage or protection of the military orders and to the rather well documented issue of their lay sisters and familiars. That will bring us also to the noblewoman acting as orders’ supporters and protectors. Finally, the relations to the women were not always for the orders’ benefit and there are many examples, mostly in the case of the Teutonic Order, of misbehaviour involving prostitutes, concubines and other “bad women”
Search for Same-Sign Top-Quark Pair Production in sqrt(s) = 13 TeV pp Collisions with the ATLAS Detector
No full textA search for the production of top-quark pairs with the same electric charge (tt or tbar tbar) is presented. The analysis uses proton-proton collision data at sqrt(s) =13 TeV, recorded by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 140 fb-1. Events with two same-charge leptons and at least two b-tagged jets are selected. Neural networks are employed to define two selections sensitive to additional couplings beyond the Standard Model that would enhance the production rate of same-sign top-quark pairs. No significant signal is observed, leading to an upper limit on the total production cross-section of same-sign top-quark pairs of 1.6 fb at 95% confidence level. Corresponding limits on the three Wilson coefficients associated with the O tu(1), O Qu(1), and O Qu(8) operators in the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT) framework are derived
Riforma e controriforma dei reati sessuali in Spagna: un dibattito ancora aperto
No full textIl contributo si propone di analizzare in chiave critica e in prospettiva comparata le principali innovazioni apportate della Ley Orgánica 6.9.2022 n. 10 “de Garantía integral de la libertad sexual”, conosciuta come la Ley del solo sí es sí, che ha rivoluzionato la disciplina dei reati contro la libertà sessuale in Spagna. Alla nuova configurazione tipica del delitto di violenza sessuale, all’interno del quale sono confluite le fattispecie, originariamente distinte, di agresión sexual e di abuso sexual, si accompagna una rinnovata attenzione per il ruolo del consenso della vittima, del quale viene fornita una discussa definizione al comma 1 dell’articolo 178 del Código Penal. Le modifiche (in parte) in melius del quadro sanzionatorio hanno portato alla revisione di innumerevoli sentenze di condanna, con conseguenti ribassi di pena e scarcerazioni, innescando malumori e polemiche che hanno preparato il terreno per una controriforma dal sapore simbolico e giustizialista
Data Discrimination and Algorithmic Challenges in AI copilots: A systematic literature review
No full textMode I fracture of wood: a systematic review of experimental and numerical advances
No full textPurposeThis paper presents a systematic literature review on Mode I fracture of wood in order to identify the research trends, highlight existing gaps and guide future studies.Design/methodology/approachThe research methodology is designed in two steps: (1) bibliometric analysis and (2) publication overview. In the first step, two main databases were used to identify relevant publications and analyze research trends, historical chronology, citations and geographical distribution. While in the second step, selected studies were overviewed across different topics to determine advancements and gaps in the field.FindingsThe field is dominated by experimental research, with a growing use of mixed and numerical methods. The topics were categorized as follows: (1) established topics (wood species, test type, size effect, cracking system, growth ring effect, density and wood structure effect); (2) ongoing topics which need further investigation (heat treatment effect, moisture content effect, numerical modelling, advanced measurement methods such as digital image correlations (DIC) and acoustic emissions (AE) and (3) unestablished topics (loading rate). After identifying the gaps, it is suggested further simulations on heat treatment, the impacts of moisture, improving the application of DIC, AE and their combination, considering the fiber bridging phenomena in the simulations, developing more 3D models, performing experimental campaign for better understanding the loading rate effect and finally more experimental and/or numerical studies on cyclic loading under different testing conditions.Originality/valueThe report provides previous findings on mode I fracture of wood and can be regarded as a comprehensive reference for guiding further experimentations and/or simulations to fill in the gaps