Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca- Università del Salento
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Strumenti di identificazione della plusdotazione e della doppia eccezionalità per gli insegnanti
No full textClinical, Radiological, and Endoscopic Features of Pancreatic Pseudocyst and Walled-Off Necrosis: How to Diagnose and How to Drain Them
No full textPancreatic pseudocysts (PPs) and walled-off necrosis (WON) are two distinct sequelae of acute and chronic pancreatitis, requiring accurate differentiation to guide appropriate management. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) remain essential for distinguishing PPs from WON, assessing their content, and identifying potential complications. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has emerged as a key modality for both diagnosis and drainage planning, offering high-resolution imaging and the possibility of real-time aspiration. Management strategies have evolved significantly, shifting from surgical to minimally invasive approaches. Endoscopic drainage, including EUS-guided transmural drainage with double-pigtail or lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMS), has become the preferred strategy for symptomatic or infected collections. Endoscopic necrosectomy is increasingly performed for WON, providing a less invasive alternative to surgical debridement. However, patient selection and procedural techniques remain topics of ongoing debate. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive synthesis of current evidence regarding the diagnosis and management of pancreatic pseudocyst and walled-off necrosis. We will synthesize current evidence on diagnostic criteria, imaging modalities, and therapeutic algorithms for PPs and WON. We will discuss technical aspects, success rates, and complications associated with drainage modalities, comparing endoscopic, percutaneous, and surgical approaches. Special attention will be given to recent advancements in interventional endoscopy and their impact on patient outcomes. By integrating clinical insights with the latest literature, this review aims to provide an up-to-date reference for clinicians managing pancreatic fluid collections. A literature search was performed using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and MEDLINE databases to identify relevant studies on diagnostic criteria, imaging techniques, and management strategies
Standard Procedures Proposal of Laboratory Experimental Tests Assessment for Water Permeability of Anti-Rain Agricultural Nets
No full textClimate change threatens the agricultural field by affecting production yields and crop quality. Yield protection is an increasingly pressing priority to preserve the ability of agriculture to meet food demand with more sustainable production of appropriate quality and quantity and with less demand for plant protection products. For this reason, nowadays the use of agricultural nets is becoming increasingly widespread to counteract possible risks from abiotic stresses. Among all agricultural nets, the anti-rain ones have the predominant purpose of protecting crops from damage caused by severe weather events. The present study aims to verify whether anti-rain nets could be used as greenhouse covering material, starting from the evaluation of the rainwater permeability index Φrw. For this purpose, a laboratory rain simulator was designed and several tests were performed on the chosen anti-rain net, varying its inclination and the duration and intensity of the simulated rainfall, returning different normalized permeability indices NPI, of which the standard deviation (SD) was calculated. The optimal rainfall duration of the artificial rain test was determined at the minimum value of the sum of the SDs, identified as about 25%, at a duration of 10 min. Subsequently, tests were carried out to define the Φrw index for a rainfall lasting 10 min, by varying the other parameters, returning the lowest Φrw index of approximately 45% at a 20° net inclination and with the weave perpendicular to the slope. The results highlight the possibility to use anti-rain nets for greenhouse covering, replacing or supplementing commonly used nets, facilitating oxygen exchange and maximizing light capture capacity, essential for vegetative–productive balance. A proposal for standardizing the procedures to test nets, based on experimental tests, has never been proposed in the scientific literature. Regarding fruit and vegetable crops, there are several issues to be evaluated; this study only considers rain protection, through nets can be used for different fruit and vegetable varieties
Aquatic bryophytes as biofilters and resource regenerators in Bioregenerative Life Support Systems: the moss on Mars project
No full textBioregenerative Life Support Systems (BLSSs) are closed-loop systems that rely on biological processes, primarily involving plants, algae, andmicrobes, for sustaining long-term space missions by regenerating essential resources and recycling waste. To reduce dependency on resupply from Earth,these systems require highly efficient biological components capable of performing multiple ecological functions in constrained environments.However, research on potential BLSS components has so far focused predominantly on higher plants and algae, with aquatic bryophytes largely overlooked despite their physiological resilience, simple cultivation, and multifunctional ecological roles. This gap limits the diversification of biological components available for optimizing BLSS efficiency.. Here, we investigate for the first time the potential This study investigates the potential introduction of aquatic bryophytes (mosses),specifically Taxiphyllum barbieri, Leptodictyum riparium, and Vesicularia montagnei, as biofilters and resource regenerators in BLSSs. Known for their adaptability, simplicity of growth, and high surface-to-volume ratio, mosses are promising candidates for controlled-environment applications. This paper characterizes mosses' performance considering gas-exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, antioxidant activity, and biofiltration efficiency under two different controlled temperature and light conditions (24°C and 600mmolphotons m-2s-1, 22°C and 200mmol photons m-2s-1) to determine the most suitable species for the above mentioned purpose
Electroweak, QCD and flavour physics studies with ATLAS data from Run 2 of the LHC
No full textA summary of precision measurements sensitive to electroweak, QCD and quark-flavour effects performed by the ATLAS Collaboration at the Large Hadron Collider is reported. The measurements are predominantly performed on proton–proton (pp) collision data recorded at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV taken from 2015 to 2018, with an integrated luminosity of up to 140 fb-1, with some results based on pp and Pb+Pb data recorded at lower nucleon centre-of-mass energies. The results cover a wide range of topics, from strong production of particles at low energies and the spectroscopy of hadrons to perturbative QCD with hadronic jets and electroweak and strong production of single and multiple vector bosons. They provide precise measurements of fundamental constants and stringent tests of the Standard Model with unprecedented precision and in energy ranges never explored before. They are also used to explore the proton structure and to perform model-independent searches for new physics
Enhancing Chronic Heart Failure Monitoring, Prevention, and Management with IoT and AI: A Systematic Literature Review
No full textChronic Heart Failure (CHF) represents a significant global health concern due to its high morbidity and mortality rates. Effectively addressing this challenge requires scalable technology solutions to shift Heart Failure (HF) care from episodic reactive treatment to continuous personalized management. As digital health technologies advance, integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) into CHF care enables the development of scalable monitoring, prevention, and management strategies and real-time Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSSs). This Systematic Literature Review (SLR) analyzes 67 peer-reviewed studies published between January 2021 and May 2024, selected using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines to evaluate the technological and clinical impacts of AI-enabled systems in CHF and broader HF care. The review identifies emerging trends, discusses dataset characteristics and clinical relevance, identifies IoT integration patterns, gaps, and deployment barriers, and highlights opportunities for improving the integration of AI/IoT systems into HF care workflows. The studies are organized into four clinical application domains: HF detection, phenotyping and classification, risk stratification, and other miscellaneous applications. Our findings highlight the progress in AI/IoT synergy; however, challenges remain in dataset heterogeneity and coverage, reproducibility, benchmarking practices, and clinical workflow integration, particularly as IoT integration is often limited or insufficiently explored. Our primary recommendations emphasize the use of multimodal datasets, the adoption of interpretable modeling approaches, and stronger interdisciplinary collaboration to improve clinical applicability and support integration into real-world settings
On CTA-PLS corrections applied on sports performance
Get PDFThis work explores a novel approach for assessing causal directions in measurement models and structural equation models with higher-order constructs. This extension of CTA-PLS incorporates different methods for controlling errors in multiple hypothesis testing, adapting them to the soft modeling context and highlighting their relevance during exploratory model construction. The CTA-PLS corrections method is applied to a second-order construct for performance assessment in sports analytics
SPICE-Based Circuit Modelling and Validation of an NFC Energy-Harvesting Strain Sensor for Structural Health Monitoring
No full textStructural Health Monitoring (SHM) demands advanced and reliable systems and circuits capable of continuously detecting environmental and mechanical stressors that may impair the integrity, durability, and stability of critical infrastructure. This study introduces an innovative, untethered, and battery-free solution that combines Near Field Communication (NFC)-powered circuits with flexible strain gauge (SG) sensors for non-invasive SHM, specifically targeting surface-level cracks and deformations. The system is based on a specially designed NFC circuit that handles both energy harvesting and wireless data transmission, enabling seamless deployment in structurally sensitive, remote, or hard-to-reach areas without the need for wiring or extensive modifications. Flexible SGs, configured in quarter- and half-Wheatstone-Bridge arrangements, are bonded to critical components to measure strain and detect crack propagation. The complete system was modelled and simulated using SPICE to evaluate the behaviour of both the strain sensing and the NFC-based wireless energy transfer. Hardware implementation closely matched simulation results, demonstrating full system functionality using a 13.56 MHz NFC link, with optimized power delivery at 2.7 V across an operational distance of up to 4 cm. Both simulations and experimental tests were conducted to investigate the transient and steady-state behaviour of the circuit. The NFC energy harvesting circuit delivered up to 12.5 mW under load conditions. A functional hardware prototype, built using off-the-shelf components, demonstrated the feasibility of the system for autonomous and long-term SHM applications
Search for charged Higgs bosons produced in top-quark decays or in association with top quarks and decaying via H± -> W±Z in 13 TeV collisions with the ATLAS detector
No full textCharged Higgs bosons produced either in top-quark decays or in association with a top quark, subsequently decaying via H± -> tau± nu_tau, are searched for in 140 fb-1 of proton-proton collision data at sqrt(s)=13 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector. Depending on whether the top quark is produced together with the H± decays hadronically or semileptonically, the search targets tau +jets or tau +lepton final states, in both cases with a tau-lepton decaying into a neutrino and hadrons. No significant excess over the Standard Model background expectation is observed. For the mass range of 80 ≤ mH± ≤ 3000 GeV, upper limits at 95% confidence level are set on the production cross section of the charged Higgs boson times the branching fraction B(H± -> tau± nu_tau) in the range 4.5 pb-0.4 fb. In the mass range 80–160 GeV, assuming the Standard Model cross section for ttbar production, this corresponds to upper limits between 0.27% and 0.02% on B(t -> b H±) x B(H± -> tau± nu_tau)