Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca- Università del Salento
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Endoplasmic Reticulum Quality Control and metal tolerance: reduced activity of Glucosidase II enzyme affects positively cadmium tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana
No full textThe Endoplasmic Reticulum Quality Control (ERQC) machinery is highly conserved among eukaryotes and assists the newly synthetized proteins in the folding process. Previous works have reported the involvement of ERQC in plant immunity and biotic stress response. However, the interaction between ERQC pathway and heavy metals exposure has been poorly investigated in plants. In the present study, we showed that the Arabidopsis thaliana rsw3 mutant, characterised by a reduced activity of the ER Glucosidase II enzyme, exhibits an increased tolerance to cadmium (Cd) stress. Under standard conditions, rsw3 seedlings exhibit shorter primary roots compared to Wild-type (Wt) plantlets, because of a constitutive ER stress and a consequent upregulation of both ERQC and Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) stress markers in root or shoot tissues. Interestingly, differently from Wt seedlings, these markers remain unchanged in rsw3 under Cd stress. Biochemical data here provided linked the enhanced Cd tolerance of rsw3 to the brassinosteroid receptor 1, BRI1, as the partial impairment of GII activity positively affects the accumulation of the active form of BRI1 receptor on the plasma membrane under Cd stress
Territorial attractiveness and foreign population in Italy: A spatio temporal blind source separation (ST-BSS) model
No full textIn the context of stagnation or negative natural population growth, internal and international migration increasingly influence population structure and composition alongside natural processes such as aging and falling birth rates. However, a territory’s ability to attract new residents, particularly foreigners, depends on various factors, including population mobility, natural growth dynamics, and local economic conditions. The demographic and economic evolution of 7,609 Italian municipalities is analyzed between 2001 and 2021 with the aim of explaining the spatial distribution of the foreign population. Forecasts for the proportion of the foreign population resident in each municipality are obtained for two years out of the sample, based on explanatory variables that reflect territorial attractiveness, namely net internal and international migration, the natural population growth rate, and average municipal income. These indicators, reflecting local demographic and economic vitality, help to explain why some municipalities attract a larger foreign population than others. Using a blind separation model of space-time sources (ST-BSS), the latent factors driving demographic evolution in space and time are identified. The analysis aims to provide interpretative and prospective tools to inform more targeted local policies capable of capturing the multi-scalar and territorially differentiated nature of migratory phenomena
Transformational leadership and continuous professional development: strategies for a resilient and inclusive school system
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IL RUOLO DELL'ALFABETIZZAZIONE FISICA NELLO SVILUPPO DELLE COMPETENZE MOTORIE E DELLE FUNZIONI COGNITIVE DEI BAMBINI IN ETÀ SCOLARE
No full textAeroelastic Oscillations of Cantilever Beams Reinforced by Carbon Nanotubes Based on a Modified Third-Order Piston Theory
No full textThis work analyzes the aero-elastic oscillations of cantilever beams reinforced by carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Four different distributions of single-walled CNTs are assumed as the reinforcing phase, in the thickness direction of the polymeric matrix. A modified third-order piston theory is used as an accurate tool to model the supersonic air flow, rather than a first-order piston theory. The nonlinear dynamic equation governing the problem accounts for Von Kármán-type nonlinearities, and it is derived from Hamilton’s principle. Then, the Galerkin decomposition technique is adopted to discretize the nonlinear partial differential equation into a nonlinear ordinary differential equation. This is solved analytically according to a multiple time scale method. A comprehensive parametric analysis was conducted to assess the influence of CNT volume fraction, beam slenderness, Mach number, and thickness ratio on the fundamental frequency and lateral dynamic deflection. Results indicate that FG-X reinforcement yields the highest frequency response and lateral deflection, followed by UD and FG-A patterns, whereas FG-O consistently exhibits the lowest performance metrics. An increase in CNT volume fraction and a reduction in slenderness ratio enhance the system’s stiffness and frequency response up to a critical threshold, beyond which a damped beating phenomenon emerges. Moreover, higher Mach numbers and greater thickness ratios significantly amplify both frequency response and lateral deflections, although damping rates tend to decrease. These findings provide valuable insights into the optimization of CNTR composite structures for advanced aeroelastic applications under supersonic conditions, as useful for many engineering applications