Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca- Università del Salento
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Forecasting methane spot price by combining artificial networks and geostatistics
No full textWith the increasing importance of methane gas in the context of the energy transition and climate change mitigation, accurate forecasting of the spot price of natural gas plays a crucial role in commercial policies and strategies, as well as in cost-effective market opportunities. Recently, many advanced methodologies have been used to model the gas spot price, such as several artificial intelligence algorithms, especially artificial neural networks (ANNs). Their combination with traditional time series approaches, such as auto-regressive moving average (ARMA) models, was implemented to improve forecasting accuracy. In this context, a new hybrid model, which combines a geostatistical tool, i.e., the ordinary Kriging, and ANNs, in particular the long short-term memory and the gated recurrent unit neural networks, is provided. In addition, the supremacy of the proposed hybrid model is assessed through a comparison with respect to the pure ANNs and a well-known hybrid model available in the literature. Methodologies are applied to the spot price of natural gas in Italy using data from the Virtual Exchange Point (VEP)
Search for supersymmetry in final states with missing transverse momentum and charm-tagged jets using 139 fb-1 of proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
No full textThe paper presents a search for supersymmetric particles (SUSY) produced in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s)=13 TeV and decaying into final states with missing transverse momentum (ETmiss) and jets originating from charm quarks (c-jets). The data were taken with the ATLAS detector at the LHC from 2015 to 2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb-1. The signal topology is characterized by the presence of c-jets and large ETmiss from the undetected lightest supersymmetric particle (χ~10). No significant excess of events over the expected Standard Model background expectation is observed in optimized signal regions, and limits are set on the production cross-sections of the supersymmetric particles. The results are interpreted in specific R-parity-conserving SUSY models: Pair production of charm squarks (c~1) or top squarks (t~1), each decaying into a charm quark and the χ~10, is excluded at 95% confidence level for squarks with masses up to 900 GeV for scenarios where the mass of χ~10 is below 50 GeV. Additionally, the production of leptoquarks with masses up to 900 GeV is excluded for the scenario where up-type leptoquarks (LQ) decay into a charm quark and a neutrino (cν). Model-independent limits on cross-sections and event yields for processes beyond the Standard Model are also reported
Estimating Groundwater Gradients Through A Complex Kriging Approach
No full textWater plays a key role in the functioning of several systems on earth. A correct understanding of the hydrological cycle is fundamental to define optimal water management strategies.
The definition of the origin and flow of groundwater represents a challenge in many nations. This issue is compounded by the scarcity of available data. In this context, the estimation of groundwater hydraulic gradients is fundamental for hydrogeology and groundwater management. For instance, the evaluation of the direction and velocity of groundwater flow, which are determined by hydraulic gradients, are crucial for forecasting the path and dispersion of contaminants in an aquifer. However, there are few studies which apply geostatistical methods to estimate groundwater hydraulic gradients.
The novelty of this work is focused on the use of complex kriging to evaluate groundwater gradients for the years 2002 and 2007 in the upper aquifer of the southern part of the Basin of Mexico aquifer system, which suffers from acute water scarcity.
The complex kriging uses hydraulic head data directly to compute hydraulic gradients. These gradients are assigned to triangle centroids by means of the Delaunay triangulation method and then considered as vectorial data to perfom the complex analysis through complex ordinary kriging.
The statistical measures, including Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), show a satisfactory goodness-of-fit for the complex covariance model in assessing the spatial correlation of the vectorial components
La sfida dell'imitazione
No full textQuesto volume è indirizzato a uno specifico aspetto dell’IA: l’utilizzo in funzione delle indagini penali e delle conseguenti valutazioni. Si tratta di una prospettiva di grandissimo interesse, per le ovvie incidenze in ambito processuale, in gran parte ancora da esplorare.
L'Opera vuole essere un tentativo di iniziare una serie di ragionamenti e approfondimenti su questo delicato settore. Molti dei temi inseriti in quest’opera riguardano argomenti che saranno destinati a essere assolutamente significativi per l’attività investigativa penale, in termini diretti e indiretti. La ragione, inoltre, per la quale fra gli autori dei singoli capitoli vengono annoverati magistrati, avvocati, professori universitari, esperti informatici e ufficiali di polizia giudiziaria si sostanzia nel preciso intento di predisporre un volume in grado non soltanto di presentare una serie di problematiche diverse ma anche e soprattutto di prospettive interpretative espresse da angolazioni differenti, finalizzate a esigenze multiformi e derivanti da esperienze e culture variegate, anche sul piano della provenienza scientifica.
Il volume è aggiornato con la Legge 23 settembre 2025, n. 132 sull'intelligenza artificiale
Eco-friendly recovery of cellulose acetate from combusted cigarette filters and reuse for membrane fabrication
No full textCigarette filters, widely discarded and slow to degrade, represent a significant source of environmental pollution. This study presents a novel eco-friendly protocol for recovering cellulose acetate (CA) from smoked cigarette butts using a solvent-based solubilization–desolubilization method with acetic acid as the green solvent. The novelty of this approach lies in its ability to extract and purify CA under mild conditions while avoiding toxic solvents and multi-step processing, commonly found in previous methods. The recovered cellulose acetate (RCA) was thoroughly characterised using FTIR, TGA, DSC, XRD, and mechanical testing, confirming its chemical and physical equivalence to commercial-grade CA. To validate the functional performance of the recycled material, RCA was repurposed into membranes and tested in a proof-of-concept study for water remediation. These preliminary tests involved the adsorption of methylene blue (MB), with removal efficiencies reaching 55.1 ± 4.8 %, and up to 92.0 ± 13.7 % upon surface modification with TiO2 under solar lamp irradiation. While not the central focus of this work, the membrane experiments serve to confirm the applicability of RCA in established cellulose acetate use cases. Overall, this work highlights a scalable and sustainable strategy for converting cigarette filter waste into valuable polymeric materials, supporting circular economy principles and offering an alternative to conventional CA recovery processes
Sustainable Management of UNESCO Landscapes to Foster Natural and Cultural Capital
No full textUNESCO landscapes, as socio-ecological systems of high natural and cultural value, must be well managed and protected for future generations. The study area of the present research includes the UNESCO site of the Etruscan necropolis of Cerveteri (Central Italy). The main aims of the study are as follows: (1) to compare landscape dynamics of the study area from 1954 to 2023; (2) to assess the potential positive effects of the recognition of the area as a UNESCO site in terms of mitigating landscape change and fragmentation; (3) to identify potential sustainable conservation actions aimed at promoting the connectivity between the site and its landscape context. There was a change in the land cover in the entire study area from 1954 to 2023, which was 23%, with different dynamics at different times, while fragmentation was evident in the UNESCO buffer. This is particularly a concern because it includes the ancient Etruscan city, and it is not subject to adequate protection measures. Finally, this research identified crucial management strategies, including the expansion of the core area to include the ancient city; the restoration of naturalistic connections (e.g., the ancient path) between the city, necropolis, and natural context; and the reforestation of sensitive archaeological areas to mitigate landscape fragmentation
25 anni di Sala delle Asse. Restauri, donazioni, viaggi
No full textSchede storico-critiche e relazioni sui restauri eseguiti nei 25 anni di attività dell'associazione culturale "Sala delle Asse", tra il 1999 e il 2024. Introduzione sulla politica culturale dell'associazione
