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"Use of complementary and alternative medicine in patients of family medicine of the health center Dubrovnik"
No full textStanovništvo „razvijenih“ zemalja, onih s naprednom konvencionalnom medicinom, usprkos neporecivom stalnom napretku iste, u značajnom se postotku odlučuje povjeriti unapređenje zdravlja pružateljima usluga komplementarne i alternativne medicine (KAM). Pojam komplementarna i alternativna medicina odnosi se na širok skup zdravstvenih praksi koje nisu dio tradicije određene zemlje i nisu integrirane u dominantan zdravstveni sustav. Ne postoji nikakva europska klasifikacija KAM-a. Generalno stanje je takvo da svaka država unutar EU odlučuje hoće li regulirati ovo područje.
CILJ ISTRAŽIVANJA: Primarni cilj je istražiti koliko pacijenata na području grada Dubrovnika, Mokošice i Župe dubrovačke koristi KAM-u, te dobiti mišljenje o učinkovitosti iste. Hipoteza je da pacijenti na navedenom području koriste KAM-u. Sporedni ciljevi su dobiti uvid u razloge korištenja uopće, koju vrstu KAM-a i za oboljenje kojeg tjelesnog sustava je korištena.
METODA RADA I MATERIJALI: Za istraživanje je konstruiran semistrukturirani upitnik koji se sastojao od 13 pitanja zatvorenog tipa s višestrukim odgovorima gdje se mogao zaokružiti samo jedan od ponuđenih odgovora. Ispitanike su činili pacijenti Obiteljske medicine u nadležnosti Doma zdravlja Dubrovnik u dobi od 30 - 80 godina koji su dobrovoljno prihvatili ispuniti anonimni anketni upitnik. Prije istraživanja, upitnik se dao na provjeru nadležnog liječnika/ce.
REZULTATI: U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 63 (55.8%) ispitanica i 50 (44.2%) ispitanika. Od 113 ispitanika njih 76.1% je koristilo KAM, a njih 23.9% ga nije koristilo. Kao razloge za korištenje KAM 38.4% ispitanika navodi da vjeruje da će im KAM pomoći, 37,2% ih želi probati novi način liječenja. Najveći broj ispitanika se liječio KAM-om zbog bolesti mišićno – koštanog sustava, njih 32.6%, zbog bolesti probavnog sustava 22.1%, zbog bolesti dišnog sustava 16.3%. Ispitanici sa srednjom stručnom spremom su najzastupljeniji s 54% ispitanika. Od 86 ispitanika koji su koristili KAM, 65% ih smatra da im je djelomično pomogla, 20% ih smatra da im je u potpunosti pomogla, dok ih 15% drži da im nije uopće pomogla,
RASPRAVA: Istraživanje iz 2008. godine u Hrvatskoj je imalo 46% onih koji su koristili KAM, ono iz Čakovca čak 82%, dok ih je u ovom istraživanju 76%. Potvrđeno je i da je, kao i drugdje u Hrvatskoj upotreba ljekovitog bilja najčešća metoda liječenja.
ZAKLJUČAK: Potvrđena je glavna polazna hipoteza da pacijenti Obiteljske medicine na obrađivanom području koriste KAM, s tim da najveći broj korisnika upotrebljava ljekovito bilje i njegove pripravke. Ne postoje značajne razlike po dobi, spolu ili stupnju obrazovanja koje utječu na prakticiranje alternativnih metoda liječenja. Većina korisnika KAM-a je u određenoj mjeri zadovoljna rezultatima tretmana.The population of "developed" countries, those with advanced conventional medicine, despite the undeniable continuous progress of it, decides in a significant percentage to entrust the improvement of health to providers of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) services. The term complementary and alternative medicine refers to a wide set of health practices that are not part of the tradition of a particular country and are not integrated into the dominant health system. There is no European classification of CAM. The general situation is such that every country within the EU decides whether to regulate this area.
THE AIM OF THE RESEARCH: The primary goal is to investigate how many patients in the area of the city of Dubrovnik, Mokošica and Župa Dubrovnik use CAM, and to get an opinion on the effectiveness of it. The hypothesis is that patients in the specified area use CAM. Secondary goals are to get an insight into the reasons for use in general, what type of CAM and for the disease of which body system is used.
WORKING METHOD AND MATERIALS: A semi structured questionnaire has been constructed for the research, which consisted of 13 closed-type questions with multiple answers where only one of the answers offered could be rounded up. The subjects consisted of family medicine patients under the jurisdiction of the Dubrovnik Health Center aged 30 - 80 who voluntarily accepted to fill out an anonymous questionnaire. Prior to the investigation, the questionnaire was submitted for verification by the competent doctor.
RESULTS: 63 (55.8%) female respondents and 50 (44.2%) male respondents participated in the survey. Of the 113 respondents, 76.1% used CAM and 23.9% did not use it. As reasons for using CAM, 38.4% of respondents report that they believe CAM will help them, 37.2% want to try a new treatment. The largest number of subjects was treated with CAM for diseases of the musculoskeletal system, 32.6%, due to diseases of the digestive system 22.1%, due to respiratory diseases 16.3%. Respondents with secondary qualifications are the most represented with 54% of respondents. Of the 86 respondents who used CAM, 65% felt it helped them in part, 20% felt it helped them completely, while 15% felt that it did not help them at all.
DISCUSSION: A 2008 survey in Croatia had 46% of those who used CAM, the one from Čakovec as many as 82%, while in this survey there were 76%. It has also been confirmed that, as elsewhere in Croatia, the use of medicinal plants is the most common method of treatment.
CONCLUSION: The main starting hypothesis that family medicine patients in the processed area use CAM has been confirmed, with the largest number of users using medicinal plants and its preparations. There are no significant differences by age, gender or level of education that affect the practice of alternative treatment methods. Most CAM users are to some extent satisfied with the results of the treatment
Collateral Debt Recovery Instruments as a Product of Credit Institutions and the Importance of Their Application in Liquidity Maintenance
No full textBanke su temeljna sastavnica svakog financijskog sustava. Ako je financijski sustav razvijen onda je i gospodarstvo države razvijeno. Da bi banke uspješno poslovale moraju uspješno održavati likvidnost i svesti kreditni rizik na minimum. Kako bi u tome uspjele one provode razna istraživanja budućih klijenata i drže se propisanih regulativnih pravila omjera likvidnosti koji su propisani od strane centralnih banaka. Da bi ostale likvidne, moraju uspješno naplaćivati svoja potraživanja i podmirivati svoje dugove u zadanim rokovima. Da ne bi došlo do problema naplate potraživanja, služe se instrumentima osiguranja naplate potraživanja ili kolateralima. To su instrumenti koji banku i poduzeće ili svaku fizičku osobu štite od toga da ostanu bez svojih potraživanja, pomažu im da uspješno i u potpunosti naplate svoje usluge i proizvode i tako ostanu likvidne. Nenaplaćena potraživanja dovode banku ili poduzeća u stanje nelikvidnosti, koje je prvi korak prema bankrotu. Da ne bi došlo do nepotrebnog zaduživanja da se nadoknade gubitci nastali zbog ne naplaćenih potraživanja i da se održi pozitivan omjer likvidnosti, koristimo se raznim vrstama kolaterala tj. instrumentima osiguranja naplate potraživanja. Najčešći instrumenti koji se koriste su zadužnice, jamstva, hipoteke, mjenice, kompenzacijski saldo i police osiguranja. Kreditne institucije osim ovih navedenih, nude još i usluge raznih garancija i akreditiva. To su također instrumenti osiguranja naplate potraživanja kojima banka izvršava usluge plaćanja za treću osobu ako ona to od nje zahtjeva ili ako ona u trenutku dospijeća naplate nije u stanju uredno platiti. Svi ovi instrumenti donose banci i poduzećima dodatnu sigurnost, a koji od njih se koristi i kada, ovisi od situacije i usluge koja se pruža.Banks are a fundamental subject of every financial system. If the financial system is developed then the state economy is also developed. In order for banks to operate successfully, they must successfully maintain liquidity and minimize credit risks. In order to succeed, they conduct various surveys of future clients and adhere to the prescribed regulatory rules of liquidity ratios prescribed by central banks. In order to remain liquid, they must successfully collect their receivables and settle their debts on time. In order to avoid the problem of collection of receivables, they use collateral debt recovery instruments. These are instruments that protect the bank or company or any regular person from losing their claims, helping them to successfully and fully charge for their services and products so they can maintain liquidity optimally. Uncollected receivables put a bank or company in a state of insolvency, which is the first step towards bankruptcy. In order to avoid unnecessary borrowing to compensate for losses incurred due to uncollected receivables and to maintain a positive liquidity ratio, we use various types of collateral. The most common collateral instruments used are promissory notes, guarantees, mortgages, bills of exchange, compensatory balance and insurance policies. In addition to the above, credit institutions also offer the services of various guarantees and letters of credit. These are also instruments for debt recovery and collection of receivables by which the bank performs payment services for a third party if it requests it or if it is unable to pay properly at the time the collection is due. All these instruments bring additional security to the bank and companies, and which of them is used and when, depends on the situation and the service provided
Lean Management Enrolment in Process Quality Improvement
No full textU završnom radu riječ je o najrasprostranjenijem konceptu današnjice. Lean menadžment predstavlja novi način razmišljanja kao i novi sustav rada. Predstavlja poslovnu filozofiju koja za cilj ima stvoriti što veće vrijednosti u organizaciji ali uz korištenje određenih poslovnih aktivnosti. Glavna obilježja ovog sustava su otklanjanje gubitaka, poboljšanje, timska atmosfera, rad u ćelijama, kontrola proizvoda, visoka kvaliteta, smanjenje zaliha, pull sistem, promjena alata te odgovarajuća količina proizvoda/usluga. Svaki proces poslovanja ima aktivnosti koje dodaju vrijednost, ali s druge strane postoje i aktivnosti koje oduzimaju tu vrijednost. Lean menadžment se danas može primjenjivati u svim djelatnostima i sektorima, ali danas najveću ulogu ima u uslužnim djelatnostima.The final paper deals with the most widespread concept today. Lean management represents a new way of thinking as well as a new work system. It represents a business philosophy that aims to create as much value as possible in the organization, but with the use of certain business activities. The main features of this system are elimination of losses, improvement, team atmosphere, work in cells, product control, high quality, inventory reduction, pull system, tool change and appropriate quantity of products/services. Every business process has activities that add value, but on the other hand, there are also activities that take away that value. Today, lean management can be applied in all activities and sectors, but today it plays the greatest role in service industries
Marketing of Banks
No full textOvaj se rad bavi temom marketinga banaka. Riječ je o specifičnom području jer su usluge banaka vrlo specifične: neopipljive, grupirane, nevidljive oku, a korisnici usluge gotovo nikada ne ugovaraju afektivno. Prvi zadatak banaka, kako bi privukli nove korisnike, zadržali stare i stvorili njihovu lojalnost, poboljšali poslovanje i imidž te u konačnici ostvarili konkurentsku prednost, odnosi se na povrat povjerenja u financijski sektor. Neophodno je da se banke prilagode novim tržišnim prilikama, odnosno razvoju tehnologije i elektroničkog poslovanja. U tom se kontekstu javlja elektroničko bankarstvo, koje donosi brojne prednosti za same banke, ali i za korisnike. One banke koje ne idu u korak s vremenom, biti će u kompetitivnom zaostatku. Zadatak marketinških stručnjaka je prilagoditi svoje poslovanje, ponudu i način komunikacije takvim okolnostima te sve zahtjevnijim klijentima/korisnicima bankovnih usluga.This paper deals with the topic of bank marketing. This is a specific area because the services of banks are very specific: intangible, grouped, invisible to the eye, and service users almost never contract affectively. The first task of banks, inorder to attract new customers, keep the old ones and create their loyalty, improve their business and image, and ultimately achieve a competitive advantage, is to restore confidence in the financial sector. It is necessary for banks to adapt to new market opportunities, in the development of technology and electronic business. In this context, electronic banking is emerging, which brings numerous benefits for banks themselves, but also for customers. Those banks that do not keep up with the times will be competitively behind. The task of marketing expertsis to adapt their business, offer and manner of communication to suchc ircumstances an dincreasingly demanding clients / users of banking service
Historical continuity on the example of hillfort Grad in Nakovana Pelješac
No full textU radu se govori o povijesnom kontinuitetu jednog mjesta na primjeru gradine Grada u Nakovani na Pelješcu. Sam izgled Grada i osnovni preduvjeti za osnivanje naselja, a to su izvor vode I laka obranjivost mjesta doveli su do toga da je on veoma rano naseljen. Već krajem neolitika ljudi su počeli posjećivati Grad , a nedugo nakon i osnovali naselje. Kroz arheološke nalaze poput ostataka kremenih proizvoda, keramičkih posuda, te metalnih predmeta poput fibula, novca i vojne opreme može se rekonstruirati prošlost, a samim tim i povijesni kontinuitet. Prema sadašnjim spoznajama Grad je naseljen s prekidima od kraja neolitika do rimskog razdoblja, da bi nakon Oktavijanove vojne 35. pr. Kr. bio napušten nekoliko stotina godina. Život na gradu se ponovno obnavlja na kratko krajem 3. i 4. stoljeća, te ponovno nakon velike vremenske rupe krajem 11. st. Nakon toga za vrijeme dubrovačke vlasti Grad služi kao utočište stanovnicima Nakovane pred gusarima i ostalim razbojnicima. U novije vrijeme Grad postaje oranica i mjesto ispaše, da bi u najnovije vrijeme postalo turističko i sportsko izletište.The paper talks about the historical continuity of one place, using the example of the hillfort Grad in Nakovana on Pelješac. The very appearance of the city and the basic prerequ-isites for establishing a settlement, namely a source of water and the possibility of easy de-fence of the place, led to the fact that it was inhabited very early. Already at the end of the Neolithic period, people began to visit this hillfort, and shortly after that they founded a settlement. Through archaeological finds such as the remains of flint products, ceramic ves-sels, and metal objects such as fibulae, money and military equipment, the past can be recons-tructed, and thus historical continuity. According to current knowledge, Grad was inhabited intermittently from the end of the Neolithic to the Roman period, and was abandoned for se-veral hundred years after Octavian's military campaign 35 BC. Life in the town was restored for a short time at the end of the 3rd and 4th centuries, and again after a big time gap at the end of the 11th century. After that, during the rule of the Republic of Dubrovnik, the town served as a refuge for the inhabitants of Nakovana from pirates and other bandits. In recent times, Grad has become an arable land and a place for grazing, and in the last decades it has become a tourist and sports destination
Model informacijskog sustava upravljanja skladištem
No full textCilj rada je praktički primijeniti znanje, alate i vještine programskog inženjerstva kroz
implementaciju dijela podsustava skladišnog poslovanja za vođenje inventure skladišta. Rad
se dijeli na dva dijela, teorijski i praktični. U teorijskom dijelu fokus je na definiciji skladišta,
pojašnjenje uloga i važnosti skladišnog poslovanja, analizi skladišnog procesa, pojašnjenju
WMS tehnologija, te na opisu različitih pristupa i metodologije modeliranja informacijskog
sustava. Praktični dio rada bavi se modeliranjem informacijskog sustava skladišnog
poslovanja, modeliranjem baze podataka i opisom implementacije podsustava skladišnog
poslovanja za vođenje inventure.The goal of this thesis is to apply knowledge, tools and skills of software engineering to build
a WMS (Warehouse Management System) module for inventory tracking. Thesis is divided
into two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part focuses on the definition of
warehouse, importance of warehouse, the analysis of warehouse processes, the WMS
technologies and defining and the definition of different models for the software development
life cycle. The practical part of this thesis focuses on creating a model and architecture of an
information system, creating a database model for a WMS and finally the paper describes the
code structure and implementation of a WMS module for inventory tracking
Iskustvena kvaliteta u više uslužnim mrežama
No full textU ovom radu je glavni zadatak analizirati iskustvenu kvalitetu usluge u višeuslužnim mrežama. U prvom dijelu rada definirane su višeuslužne mreže, te je opisan njihov razvoj, arhitektura i protokoli koji se u njima koriste. Nakon toga definiran je pojam kvalitete usluge te parametri koje svaka od usluga mora zadovoljiti. Za određivanje kvalitete usluge opisane su neke od subjektivnih i objektivnih metoda. Na kraju je objašnjenja iskustvena kvaliteta i modeli koji se primjenjuju u višeuslužnim mrežama.In this paper, the main task is to analyse the quality of experience in multiservice networks. In the first part of the work, multi-service networks are defined, and their development, architecture and protocols used in them are described. After that, the concept of service quality and the parameters that each of the services must meet are defined. Some of the subjective and objective methods are described for determining the quality of service. At the end, there is an explanation of the quality of experience and the models that are applied in multi-service networks
The Damage Control Plan for Passenger Vessels Required by the SOLAS and the STCW Conventions
No full textPomorske nezgode putničkih brodova predstavljaju jedne od najvećih opasnosti jer su direktno ugroženi veliki broj ljudi. U ovom radu bit će predstavljane najvažnije pomorske nezgode na putničkim brodovima sa posebnom pozornošću na pregrađivanje i vodonepropusnost te tijek događaja i posljedice. Rad obuhvaća sadržajni prikaz pregrađivanja broda prema SOLAS konvenciji te organizacijski pristup prema konvenciji STCW. Cilj rada je prikazati na koje načine se putnički brod može pasivno i aktivno zaštiti od posljedica pomorskih nezgoda na moru. Također, dan je osvrt na IMO načela vezana za obavljanje vježbi na putničkim brodovima i njihovoj važnosti. U radu su prikazani osnovni pojmovi, pravilnici i odredbe vezani za pregrađivanje putničkih brodova, te povezanost posljedica nezgoda s konstrukcijom broda i uvježbanosti posade.Maritime accidents of passenger ships represent one of the greatest dangers because a large number of human lives are directly endangered. This paper will present the most important maritime accidents on passenger ships with special attention to partitioning and weathertightness, as well as the course of events and consequences. The paper includes a substantive presentation of ship partitioning according to the SOLAS convention and an organizational approach according to the STCW convention. Also, a review of IMO principles related to performing exercises on passenger ships and their importance is given. Finally, the reader will be able to get acquainted with the basic concepts for passenger ships, regulations and provisions mentioned in the paper translated from English and understand the importance and close connection of ship bulkheads, with the accident and the trained crew
Managing Communication Tools in Digital Environment
No full textKomunikacijski kanali predstavljaju neizostavnu komponentu u digitalnom okruženju gdje današnja poduzeća su u mogućnosti povećati svoje poslovanje na brz i ekonomičan način. Sigurno upravljanje podacima, globalni doseg i tehnologija jednostavna za korištenje su ključni čimbenici za izgradnju poslovnog uspjeha. S druge strane, korisnici isto tako koriste široku paletu digitalnih kanala kako bi pristupili brojnim informacijama. Komunikacijski kanali sudjeluju u izgradnji brenda određenog poduzeća. Ne postoji određeni digitalni komunikacijski kanal koji doprinosi veći i bolji rezultat. To sve ovisi o poslovanju samog poduzeća i profilu njihovih kupaca. Zbog toga je važno naglasiti da pravilan odabir komunikacijskih kanala u digitalnom okruženju predstavlja ključan uspjeh u digitalnom marketingu.Communication channels represent an indispensable component in the digital environment where today's companies can increase their business in a fast and economical way. Secure data management, global reach and easy-to-use technology are key factors in building business success. On the other hand, users also use a wide variety of digital channels to access a lot of information. Communication channels participate in building the brand of a particular company. There is no specific digital communication channel that contributes to a greater and better result. It all depends on the business of the company itself and the profile of their customers. That is why it is important to emphasize that the correct selection of communication channels in the digital environment represents a key success in digital marketing
The specifics of the Family Farms' Operations in the Republic of Croatia, with Special Reference to the Impact of COVID-19
No full textRazvoj hrvatske poljoprivrede posljednjih nekoliko godina fokusiran je na obiteljska poljoprivredna gospodarstva (OPG) koja predstavljaju osnovni organizacijski oblik poljoprivredne proizvodnje u Republici Hrvatskoj. Obiteljska poljoprivredna gospodarstva su veoma bitna jer imaju značajan utjecaj na očuvanje poljoprivredne bioraznolikosti kao i na očuvanje ruralnih područja i tradicionalne prehrambene proizvodnje. Ovaj rad sadrži informacije o specifičnostima poslovanja OPG-ova što podrazumijeva kao prvo i osnovno, proces samog osnivanja OPG-a, a zatim i zakonski dopuštene djelatnosti, osnovne i dopunske, zakonsku regulativu poslovanja OPG-ova te načine distribucije poljoprivrednih proizvoda. Da bi se uopće mogli baviti poljoprivrednom djelatnošću, svakom OPG-u je potreban određeni kapital, kako za početak rada, tako i za tekuće poslovanje. Osim financiranja poslovanja vlastitim izvorima, što je i najzastupljeniji način financiranja OPG-ova, navedene su i mogućnosti eksternog financiranja poljoprivredne djelatnosti. Kao i svaki drugi poslovni sustav, OPG-ovi su dužni uredno ispunjavati računovodstvene i porezne obveze sukladno zakonu, o čemu je također riječ u ovom radu. U empirijskom dijelu rada prikazani su rezultati ankete provedene sa nositeljima i članovima OPG-ova u Republici Hrvatskoj, a podrazumijevaju demografske podatke o nositeljima OPG-ova, tj. njihovu spolnu, dobnu i obrazovnu strukturu; osnovne karakteristike poslovanja OPG-ova, tj. strukturu broja članova, opreme, proizvoda i njihove distribucije te analizu strukture financiranja OPG-ova s naglaskom na problematiku eksternog financiranja. Naposlijetku, sukladno vremenu u kojem živimo i trenutnim događanjima, prikazana je analiza utjecaja pandemije COVID-19 kako na poljoprivredu općenito tako i na poslovanje OPG-ova u Republici Hrvatskoj.The development of Croatian agriculture in the last few years has focused on family farms, which are the basic organizational form of agricultural production in the Republic of Croatia. Family farms are very important because they have a significant impact on the preservation of agricultural biodiversity as well as on the preservation of rural areas and traditional food production. This paper contains information on the specifics of family farms’ business, which includes, first and foremost, the process of establishing a family farm, and then the legally permitted activities, basic and additional, legal regulations of family farms and ways of distributing agricultural products. In order to engage in agricultural activity, every family farm needs a certain amount of capital, both for starting work and for current operations. In addition to financing operations with their own resources, which is the most common way of financing family farms, the possibilities of external financing of agricultural activities are also listed. Like any other business system, family farms are required to duly meet accounting and tax obligations in accordance with the law, which will also be discussed in this paper. In the empirical part of the paper, the results of a survey conducted with holders and members of family farms in the Republic of Croatia are presented. It includes demographic data on holders of family farms, their gender, age and educational structure; basic characteristics of family business operations which means the structure of the number of members, equipment, products and their distribution; the analysis of the financing structure of family farms with an emphasis on the issue of external financing. Finally, according to the times we live in and current events happening in the world, an analysis of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on agriculture in general and on the business of family farms in the Republic of Croatia is presented