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Safe stay in Croatia campaign: The role and success of branding Croatia as a safe tourist destination
No full textTurizam je jedna od najvažnijih gospodarskih grana u Republici Hrvatskoj, a tijekom turističke sezone zapošljava velik broj radno sposobnog stanovništva, što značajno utječe na ukupni životni standard hrvatskih građana. Pandemija bolesti COVID-19 unijela je velike promjene u turistički sektor, stavljajući sigurnost i zdravlje posjetitelja i djelatnika u prvi plan. Kao odgovor na spomenutu zdravstvenu ugrozu, Ministarstvo turizma i sporta 2021. godine pokrenulo je kampanju Safe stay in Croatia, koja je imala za cilj educirati posjetitelje o sigurnosnim mjerama i protokolima te promovirati Hrvatsku kao sigurnu i odgovornu turističku destinaciju (Mint.gov.hr, 2024). Pandemija je značajno promijenila prioritete u turizmu, a kampanja Safe stay in Croatia nastojala je odgovoriti na te izazove pružajući gostima osjećaj sigurnosti i povjerenja. Hrvatska je kroz ovu inicijativu nastojala očuvati svoj turistički imidž, prilagođavajući se globalnim promjenama i novim očekivanjima turista u kontekstu pandemije. Korištenjem metode dubinskih intervjua s ključnim dionicima iz turističkog sektora analizira se uspješnost kampanje, pruža uvid u stvarni doprinos kampanje u ostvarivanju uspješnih turističkih rezultata u kontekstu globalne pandemije te objašnjava njezina uloga u brendiranju Hrvatske kao sigurne destinacije. Istraživanje obuhvaća niz aspekata, od percepcije sigurnosti do utjecaja na konkretne turističke rezultate.Tourism is one of the most important economic sectors in Croatia and during the tourist season it employs a large number of working-age population, significantly affecting the overall standard of living for Croatian citizens. The COVID-19 disease pandemic has brought major changes to the tourism sector, placing the safety and health of visitors and workers at the forefront. In response to this health threat, the Ministry of Tourism and Sports in 2021 launched the Safe stay in Croatia campaign, aimed at educating visitors about safety measures and protocols, while promoting Croatia as a safe and responsible tourist destination (Mint.gov.hr, 2024). The pandemic significantly shifted tourism priorities, and the Safe stay in Croatia campaign sought to address these challenges by providing guests with a sense of safety and trust. Through this initiative, Croatia aimed to preserve its image of the tourist destination, adapting to global changes and new tourist expectations in the context of the pandemic. The success of the campaign is analyzed by conducting in-depth interviews with key stakeholders from the tourism sector. It provides insight into the actual contribution of the campaign in achieving successful tourism results in the context of the global pandemic and explains its role in branding Croatia as a safe destination. The thesis covers various aspects, from the perception of safety to the impact on concrete tourism results
Food, culture and identity: exploration of class and gendr differences in eating practices
No full textOvaj diplomski rad bavi se sociološkom analizom fenomena ljudske prehrane, pri čemu je poseban naglasak stavljen na istraživanje načina na koji prehrambene prakse sudjeluju u kreiranju i održavanju društvenih razlika, osobito klasnih i rodnih razlika. Prvi dio rada posvećen je kontekstualiziranju prehrane unutar sociološkog okvira te predstavljanju najvažnijih teorijskih pristupa ovom fenomenu, pri čemu je cilj bio ukazati na širinu i složenost prehrane kao društvenog fenomena. Drugi dio rada posvećen je teorijskoj analizi najvažnijih pojmova iz sociologije Pierre Bourdieua, čija „sociologija ukusa” predstavlja bogatu teorijsku podlogu za istraživanje prehrambenih praksi i ukusa. Bourdieu je tvrdio da je hrana, kao i mnogi drugi aspekti naših života, mjesto društvene borbe u kojoj se različite društvene skupine natječu za kulturni, ekonomski i simbolički kapital. Prehrambene prakse tako su shvaćene kao rezultat socijalnog položaja, a njihova funkcija u širem smislu jest reprodukcija društvenih nejednakosti. Zaključno, u zadnjem poglavlju predstavljeno je i analizirano nekoliko suvremenih istraživanja provedenih na osnovu dva glavna diferencijacijska faktora u području prehrambenih praksi: spol i klasu
Social circumstances and opportunities for employer action to improve the company's success
No full textZa razliku od koncepata poput obitelji, društva ili zajednice, organizacija se definira temeljem svoje svrhe. Organizacija je učinkovita samo ako je usmjerena prema svom cilju – povećanju produktivnosti i ostvarivanju profita. Poslodavci (menadžeri) su osobe koje nadziru i usmjeravaju aktivnosti zaposlenika, donose odluke i raspodjeljuju resurse u svrhu postizanja organizacijskih ciljeva. Jedan od najvećih izazova za menadžere je upravljanje ljudskim resursima. Menadžer mora razumjeti da je otpor zaposlenika prema promjenama prirodna pojava, a najčešći izvori otpora su navike, potreba za sigurnošću, ekonomski čimbenici i strah od nepoznatog. U marketingu je zadovoljstvo korisnika već dugo prepoznato kao središnji koncept poslovanja. Susreti s uslugom čine temelj korisnikove percepcije kvalitete, vrijednosti i zadovoljstva. Usluga treba biti pravodobna, dostupna na pravom mjestu, u pravoj količini i uz minimalne troškove. Kada korisnička percepcija premaši očekivanja, to vodi njihovom zadovoljstvu, koje se očituje prenošenjem pozitivnih iskustava drugim potencijalnim korisnicima te povećava njihovu lojalnost (Mihalj, 2014:5). S druge strane, nezadovoljstvo se javlja kada su očekivanja viša od stvarne percepcije, što rezultira širenjem negativnih iskustava i stvaranjem nepovoljnog publiciteta za uslugu i poduzeće (Previšić i sur., 2004). Upravljanje rizicima postaje sve važniji element poslovanja u svijetu brzih promjena i razvoja. Ono omogućuje poslodavcima postizanje organizacijskih ciljeva, stabilnost poslovanja i stvaranje sigurnog okruženja za zaposlenike i korisnike usluga (Beck, 1986; Vuk T. i sur., 2018).Unlike concepts such as family, society, or community, an organization is defined by its purpose. An organization is effective only when it is focused on its goal – increasing productivity and generating profit. Employers (managers) are individuals who supervise and direct the activities of employees, make decisions, and allocate resources to achieve organizational objectives. One of the greatest challenges for managers is human resource management. A manager must understand that employee resistance to change is a natural phenomenon, with the most common sources of resistance being habits, the need for security, economic factors, and fear of the unknown. In marketing, customer satisfaction has long been recognized as a central concept of business. Service encounters form the foundation of a customer's perception of quality, value, and satisfaction. A service must be timely, available in the right place, in the right quantity, and at minimal cost. When customer perceptions exceed their expectations, this leads to satisfaction, which is reflected in the sharing of positive experiences with other potential customers, thereby increasing their loyalty (Mihalj, 2014:5). Conversely, dissatisfaction arises when expectations exceed perceptions, resulting in the spread of negative experiences and creating unfavorable publicity for the service and the company (Previšić et al., 2004). Risk management is becoming an increasingly important aspect of business in a world of rapid change and development. It enables employers to achieve organizational goals, maintain business stability, and create a safe environment for employees and service users (Beck, 1986; Vuk T. et al., 2018)
Stereotyping of parenthood in the media on the example of electronic publications
No full textCilj ovog istraživanja je analizirati na koji način odabrani portali prikazuju roditelje, majke i očeve te jesu li prikazani stereotipno i u kojoj mjeri. Kvantitativnom i kvalitativnom analizom sadržaja obuhvaćen je ukupno 61 članak s portala Bebe.hr i Roditelji.hr. Na portalu Bebe.hr analizirano je 29 članaka u odabranom razdoblju, dok je na portalu Roditelji.hr analizirano 32 članka u odabranom razdoblju. Za potrebe ovog istraživanja izrađena je vlastita analitička matrica prema kojoj je provedena analiza. Analiziranim člancima željelo se utvrditi kako se na pojedinim hrvatskim portalima prikazuje roditeljstvo, koji se savjeti o roditeljstvu nude i kako oni utječu na stvaranje pojedinih stereotipa. Pretpostavke koje su metodom analize sadržaja istraživane kvantitativno i nadopunjene kvalitativno, potvrđene su u tri glavne hipoteze, dok u jednoj nisu. Uz hipoteze, rad donosi i teorijski osvrt na roditeljstvo i medije.The aim of this research is to analyze how the selected portals portray parents, mothers and fathers, and whether and to what extent they are portrayed stereotypically. Based on this goal, and before the research itself, four hypotheses were set. A total of 61 articles from the Bebe.hr and Parents.hr portals were included in the quantitative and qualitative content analysis. On the Bebe.hr portal, 29 articles were analyzed that were published from January 1 to July 31, 2024, while on the Parents.hr portal, 32 articles were analyzed that were published from June 1 to July 31, 2024. For the purposes of this research, an own analytical matrix was created according to which the analysis was carried out. The analyzed articles aimed to determine how parenthood is presented on certain Croatian portals, what advice on parenthood is offered and how they influence the creation of certain stereotypes. The assumptions were investigated quantitatively and complemented qualitatively through content analysis. The results confirmed three of the four main hypotheses, while one was not confirmed. In addition to the hypotheses, the paper also provides a theoretical overview of parenting and the media
The development and role of the virtual assistant profession in the field of public relations
No full textU diplomskom radu „Razvoj i uloga zanimanja virtualnog asistenta u sektoru odnosa s javnošću“ istraženi su ključni aspekti nastanka, profesionalizacije i primjene virtualnih asistenata u suvremenom kontekstu odnosa s javnošću i marketinga, s posebnim naglaskom na specifičnosti hrvatskog tržišta. Virtualni asistenti definiraju se kao visoko specijalizirani stručnjaci koji putem digitalnih platformi pružaju administrativne, organizacijske, komunikacijske i marketinške usluge na daljinu, bez fizičke prisutnosti u prostorima klijenta (Pederson, 2022; Stone, 2019: 32). Njihova je uloga usko povezana s razvojem digitalne ekonomije, automatizacijom procesa i praksama vanjskog ugovaranja poslovnih zadataka (outsourcing). Teorijski okvir ovog rada analizira ulogu virtualnih asistenata u industriji odnosa s javnošću i marketinga, uključujući digitalnu transformaciju, fleksibilne radne modele i rastuću potrebu za profesionalnim vanjskim suradnicima. U radu su prikazani rezultati četiriju kvantitativnih istraživanja koje je provela Ljudomat (2020-2024). U sklopu navedenog utvrđen je eksponencijalni rast interesa za virtualne asistente, sve veću prisutnost virtualnih asistenata u području odnosa s javnošću, te sve veću percepciju njihove učinkovitosti i pouzdanosti. Empirijski dio rada temelji se na kvalitativnom istraživanju provedenom metodom polustrukturiranog intervjua s deset sudionika – pet virtualnih asistenata i pet klijenata iz sektora odnosa s javnošću i marketinga. Analizom dobivenih podataka razmatraju se strategije poslovanja, dinamika suradnje, etički aspekti zanimanja te očekivanja o budućnosti profesije na domaćem tržištu. Rezultati ukazuju na sve veću prisutnost virtualnih asistenata u strateškom upravljanju komunikacijama, s naglaskom na njihovu fleksibilnost, dostupnost, smanjenje operativnih troškova i povećanje produktivnosti. Naposljetku, rad daje uvid u potencijalne budućnosti profesije na tržištu odnosa s javnošću, uzimajući u obzir potrebu za tehnološkim inovacijama i etičkim standardima.In the thesis "The Development and Role of the Virtual Assistant Profession in the Public Relations Sector", key aspects of the emergence, professionalization, and application of virtual assistants in the contemporary context of public relations and marketing are explored, with particular emphasis on the specificities of the Croatian market. Virtual assistants are defined as highly specialized professionals who provide administrative, organizational, communicative, and marketing services remotely via digital platforms, without physical presence at the client’s premises (Pederson, 2022; Stone, 2019: 32). Their role is closely linked to the development of the digital economy, process automation, and the growing practice of outsourcing business tasks. The theoretical framework of this thesis analyses the role of virtual assistants in the public relations and marketing industries, addressing digital transformation, flexible working models, and the increasing demand for professional external collaborators. The study presents the results of four quantitative surveys conducted by the company Ljudomat (2020–2024), which reveal exponential growth in interest in virtual assistants, their rising presence in the public relations sector, and an increasing perception of their efficiency and reliability. The empirical section of the thesis is based on qualitative research conducted through semi-structured interviews with ten participants — five virtual assistants and five clients from the public relations and marketing sectors. The analysis of the data examines business strategies, collaboration dynamics, ethical considerations, and expectations regarding the future of the profession in the domestic market. The findings indicate the growing presence of virtual assistants in strategic communication management, highlighting their flexibility, availability, potential to reduce operational costs, and capacity to enhance productivity. Finally, the thesis provides insights into the potential future trajectories of the profession within the public relations market, taking into account the need for technological innovation and adherence to ethical standards
The Local Dialect of Sisak
No full textTema ovoga diplomskoga rada je utvrđivanje pripadnosti govora grada Siska kajkavskom ili štokavskom narječju. U prvom dijelu diplomskoga rada obrađivane su teme usko vezane uz povijesni dio, a to su položaj, demografska slika, povijest te postanak toponima grada Siska. Između ostalog, daje se pregled hrvatskih narječja s posebnim naglaskom na kajkavsko i štokavsko te dosadašnja istraživanja narječja u gradu Sisku. Cilj istraživačkog dijela diplomskoga rada je prikazati pripadnost sisačkog govora kajkavskom ili štokavskom narječju. Istraživanje je provedeno među izvornim govornicima sisačkog govora, odnosno starijim i mlađim generacijama Siščana.The topic of this paper is to determine the dialectal affiliation of the speech of the city of Sisak – whether it belongs to the Kajkavian or Štokavian dialect. The first part of the paper addresses topics related to the historical context, including the geographical position, demographic structure, historical development of the city, and the origin of the toponym Sisak. It also provides an overview of Croatian dialects, with special emphasis on Kajkavian and Štokavian, as well as previous research on dialectal features in the Sisak area. The goal of the research part of the paper is to show whether the speech of Sisak belongs to the Kajkavian or Štokavian dialect. The research was conducted among native speakers of the Sisak dialect, specifically among both older and younger generations of Sisak residents
The relationship between the online and offline lives of young people in today's society
No full textU teorijskom se dijelu rada na temelju prethodnih istraživanja i radova definiraju društvene mreže te se navode njihove pozitivne i negativne strane, predstavlja se koncept samopredstavljanja na društvenim mrežama, raspravlja se o komunikaciji i romantičnim vezama mladih, supkulturama na internetu te učincima društvenih medija na psihičko zdravlje mladih koje su pokazala prethodna istraživanja. Nadalje se govori o ovisnosti o internetu i kampanjama za prevenciju te o doživljavanju vijesti. U empirijskom dijelu predstavljaju se rezultati istraživanja čiji cilj je bio otkriti na koji način online ili mrežni život utječe na razne aspekte izvanmrežnog života mladih te na njihovu percepciju i način konzumiranja vijesti. Ciljana populacija istraživanja su studenti Fakulteta hrvatskih studija Sveučilišta u Zagrebu u dobi od 18 do 30 godina. Uzorak za anketni upitnik, koji čini 209 ispitanika, prikupljen je prigodnim uzorkovanjem putem online distribucije u razne studentske Facebook i WhatsApp grupe. Istraživanje se provodilo od kraja studenog do kraja prosinca 2024. godine. U uvodnom dijelu anketnog upitnika sudionicima je bilo naglašeno da je anketa anonimna i dobrovoljna. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su (1) kako društvene mreže imaju donekle negativan utjecaj na psihičko zdravlje mladih, (2) kako mladi u određenoj mjeri smatraju da društvene mreže negativno utječu na njihove socijalne vještine, komunikaciju i upoznavanje u izvanmrežnom životu. Nadalje, istraživanje je pokazalo kako mladi smatraju da aplikacije za upoznavanje negativno utječu na njihove socijalne vještine, komunikaciju i upoznavanje u izvanmrežnom životu. Istraživanje je pokazalo i kako društvene mreže ne ispunjavaju potrebu mladih za druženjem te da mladi prate vijesti prvenstveno putem društvenih mreža i da vijesti ne prate aktivno.The theoretical part of the paper defines social networks based on previous research and works and lists their positive and negative sides. The concept of self-presentation on social networks is presented. Communication and romantic relationships of young people, subcultures on the Internet, and the effects of social media on the mental health of young people, as shown by previous research, are discussed. Internet addiction and prevention campaigns are discussed, and at the very end, the experience of news is discussed. The empirical part presents the results of research aimed at discovering how online or network life affects various aspects of the offline life of young people and their perception and way of consuming news. The target population of the research is students of the Faculty of Croatian Studies, University of Zagreb, aged 18 to 30. The sample for the survey questionnaire, consisting of 209 respondents, was collected by convenient sampling via online distribution to various student Facebook and WhatsApp groups. The research was conducted from the end of November to the end of December 2024. In the introductory part of the survey questionnaire, it was emphasized to the participants that the survey was anonymous and voluntary. The results of the research showed (1) that social networks have a somewhat negative impact on the mental health of young people, (2) that young people to a certain extent believe that social networks negatively affect their social skills, communication and dating offline. Furthermore, the research showed that young people believe that dating apps negatively affect their social skills, communication and dating offline. The research also showed that social networks do not meet young people's need for socializing and that young people follow the news primarily through social networks and that young people do not actively follow the news
Epigramatic poetry of Đuro Ferić: interpretation, critical edition and commentary
No full textAutor se u radu bavi trima rukopisnim zbirkama dubrovačkoga erudita, pjesnika, parafrazatora i prevoditelja Đura Ferića (Dubrovnik, 5. VI. 1739. - 13. III. 1820.), jednoga od najplodnijih dubrovačkih pisaca s kraja XVIII. i početka XIX. stoljeća. Donosi se sažeti pregled dosadašnjih istraživanja Ferićeva latinskoga pjesništva te povijesni kontekst u kojem je djelovao i stvarao. Posebno se analiziraju tri rukopisne zbirke njegovih latinskih epigrama koje do sada, osim djelomično, nisu bile posebno istraživane ni interpretirane. Riječ je o sljedećim zbirkama epigrama: Pohvale dubrovačkih pjesnika koji su pisali hrvatskim jezikom (Ragusinorum poetarum qui Illyrica lingua scripserunt elongia Latine exarata), Epigrami o našijencima (Epigrammata de nostratibus) i Moji epigrami (Epigrami miei). Ukupan opseg navedenih zbirki obuhvaća 6 482 stiha koji su transkribirani i čije je kritičko izdanje priređeno u dodatku ovoga rada. Svaka se od navedenih triju zbirki interpretira u kontekstu Ferićeva stvaralaštva i njegova portretiranja Dubrovnika prve polovice XIX. stoljeća. Budući da je kao svećenik i profesor bio kulturno angažiran i u tom kontekstu njegovi su epigrami važni za uvid u recepciju hrvatskih književnika, zatim i za bolje razumijevanje efemernih tema kao i socijalno-psihološkoga profila Ferićevih zbirki per se i njihovu ulogu u dubrovačkoj književnosti, ali i njihovoj anticipaciji hrvatskoga narodnoga preporoda. Temeljem dosadašnjih istraživanja i novostečenih spoznaja nastoji se Ferića prikazati kao ključnu književnu figuru koja čiji latinski opus predstavlja kontinuitet između predromantizma i hrvatskoga narodnoga prepodroda.The author deals with three manuscript collections of the erudite poet, paraphraser and translator Đuro Ferić (Dubrovnik, 5 June 1739 - 13 March 1820), one of the most prolific Dubrovnik writers from the end of the 18th and the beginning of the 19th century. A brief overview of previous research into Ferić's Latin poetry and the historical context in which he worked and created is provided. Three manuscript collections of his Latin epigrams are analyzed in particular, which until now except partially have not been specifically researched or interpreted. These are the following collections if epigrams: Praises of Dubrovnik poets who wrote in Croatian language (Ragusinorum poetarum qui Illyrica linga scripserunt elogia Latine exarata), Epigrams about our citizens (Epigrammata de nostratibus) and My epigrams (Epigrami miei). The total scope of the mentioned collections includes around 6 500 verses that were transcribed and whose critical edition is prepared in the appendix of this work. Each of the mentioned three collections is interpreted in the context of Ferić's creativity and his portrayal of Dubrovnik in the first half of the 19th century. Since he was culturally engaged as a priest and professor, and in this context, his epigrams are important for insight into the reception of Croatian writers, and also for a better understanding of ephemeral topics as well as the social-psychological profile of Ferić's contemporaries. Furthermore, Ferić's language, style and versification are analyzed in the context of Croatian neo-Latin literature. The author places special emphasis on the valorization of Ferić's collections per se and their role in Dubrovnik literature, but also on his anticipation of the Croatian national revival. On the basis of previous research and newly acquired knowledge, we try to present Ferić as a key literary figure whose Latin oeuvre represents the continuity between pre-romanticism and the Croatian national revival.
Ferić's deep connection and work on collecting manuscripts of Croatian poets from 16th-18th centuries resulted with a collection of epigrams under the title Elongia Ragusinorum poetarum qui Illyrica linguia scripserunt in which he mentioned 73 older Croatian poets and 18 prose writers who characterized the mentioned period in the form of praise in verses. The collection consists of total of 854 Latin verses, most of which fall into elgiac couplets, and a smaller part into hendecasyllables. In each epigram, Ferić mentioned the name of the author and the work for which he deserves praise, and if it was about monks, he also mentioned which order the belonged to.
Another manuscript collection of epigrams entitled Epigrammata de nostratibus deals with
humorous anecdotes of Ferić's contemporaries. In 1202 Latin verses and 105 epigrams, which are mostly sarcastic and humorous, he illustrates the incidents of priests, lawyers, merchants and
nobles, and in the commentary he mentions which person it is. Although most of the persons
remain unknown to this day, this collection is of exceptional importance for the social history of Dubrovnik in the first decade of the 19th century.
The third and largest collection entitled Epigrammi miei consists of 541 epigrams in 5
books. The larger epigrams do not have a great literary value, but they point to Ferić's humanist
erudite-eclectic explications. Their mostly trivial content leaves plenty of room for humor and
vivid anecdotes. On the other hand, in some epigrams Ferić shows his reading and education, so
he mentions some writers like John Milton, Jean Racine, Rabelais and others. With these epigrams,Ferić came closest in terms of style and content to the Martial canon, because they are concise, and the writer tries to surprise the reader.
The importance of this research into the life and epigrammatic creativity of Đur Ferić not
only complemented his poetic physiognomy and versification skills, but also showed that in the
manuscript collections of epigrams he established a kind of syncretism of almost disparate starting
points of ancient, medieval and humanistic provenance. The presented corpus of his epigrams
proved to be crucial for delineating his creative profile, which is why he was appreciated by his
contemporaries in Dubrovnik
Predicting impostor syndrome based on self-compassion, first-generation college student status, and perceived social support
No full textGlavni cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati odnos sindroma uljeza sa samosuosjećanjem, statusom studenta prve generacije i percipiranom socijalnom podrškom te istražiti mogućnost predviđanja izraženosti sindroma uljeza temeljem tih varijabli. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 408 studenata visokih učilišta u Zagrebu, pri čemu je njih 88,7% bilo ženskog spola. Raspon dobi bio je od 18 do 28 godina (M=22,19, SD=2,116). Sudionici su ispunjavali sociodemografski upitnik, Clance ljestvicu fenomena uljeza (Clance, 1985), Ljestvicu samosuosjećanja (Neff, 2003) i Skalu socijalne podrške (Macdonald, 1998) internetskim putem, pomoću platforme Google obrasci. Rezultati upućuju na česte osjećaje uljeza kod sudionika, uz osrednje razine samosuosjećanja te izuzetno zadovoljstvo socijalnom podrškom. Ovisno o korištenim kriterijima, studenti prve generacije čine trećinu ili polovinu ukupnog uzorka. Pronađena je umjerena do visoka negativna povezanost sindroma uljeza s ukupnim samosuosjećanjem i njegovim pozitivno usmjerenim sastavnicama, a pozitivna povezanost s negativno usmjerenim. Povezanost s percipiranom socijalnom podrškom pokazala se niskom i negativnom. Samosuosjećanje i percepcija socijalne podrške nisko su do umjereno pozitivno povezani, dok status studenta prve generacije nije korelirao niti s jednom od ovih varijabli. Uočene su značajne razlike između studenata i roditelja u percepcijama važnosti studiranja i zahtjevnosti studija – studentima je njihovo studiranje važnije nego što procjenjuju da je njihovim roditeljima, ali pretpostavljaju da njihovi roditelji percipiraju studij zahtjevnijim nego što je njima samima. Razlike u percepcijama važnosti studiranja veće su u obiteljima studenata prve generacije i u niskoj su pozitivnoj povezanosti s generacijskim statusom, dok razlike u percepcijama zahtjevnosti studija nisko pozitivno koreliraju sa sindromom uljeza te nisko negativno sa samosuosjećanjem i percepcijom socijalne podrške. Multipla regresijska analiza pokazala je da sastavnice samosuosjećanja, različite vrste percipirane socijalne podrške obitelji i prijatelja te razlike u percipiranoj zahtjevnosti studija između studenata i roditelja objašnjavaju 48,8% varijance sindroma uljeza, uz statistički značajan doprinos blagosti prema sebi, samoosuđivanja, izoliranja i pretjerane identifikacije. Samosuosjećanje se pokazalo značajnim medijatorom odnosa percipirane socijalne podrške i sindroma uljeza. Nalazi ovog istraživanja ističu važnost daljnjeg bavljenja sindromom uljeza u kontekstu visokog obrazovanja te naglašavaju samosuosjećanje i socijalnu podršku kao neke od čimbenika koji pridonose mentalnom zdravlju i dobrobiti studenata i studentica.The main objective of this study was to examine the relationship between impostor syndrome, self-compassion, first-generation college student status and perceived social support, and to investigate the possibility of predicting the severity of impostor syndrome based on these variables. The study included 408 students from higher education institutions in Zagreb, 88.7% of whom were women. Their ages ranged from 18 to 28 (M=22.19, SD=2.116). Participants completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale (Clance, 1985), Self-Compassion Scale (Neff, 2003), and Social Support Scale (Macdonald, 1998) online, using the Google Forms platform. The results indicate frequent impostor feelings among the participants, with moderate levels of self-compassion and high satisfaction with social support. Depending on the criteria used, first-generation students make up a third or a half of the total sample. A moderate to high negative correlation was found between impostor syndrome and total self-compassion and its positively oriented components, and a positive correlation with negatively oriented ones. The correlation with perceived social support was found to be low and negative. Self-compassion and perception of social support were in a low to moderate positive correlation, while first-generation student status did not correlate with any of these variables. Significant differences were observed between students and parents in perceptions of the importance of attending college and the demandingness of the study program – students consider attending college to be more important than they estimate their parents do, but they assume that their parents perceive their study program to be more demanding than it is to them. Differences in perceptions of the importance of attending college are greater in families of first-generation students and are in a low positive correlation with generational status, while differences in perceptions of the demandingness of the study program are in a low positive correlation with impostor syndrome and a low negative one with self-compassion and perceived social support. Multiple regression analysis showed that the components of self-compassion, different types of perceived social support from family and friends and differences in the perceived demandingness of the study program between students and parents explained 48.8% of the variance of impostor syndrome, with statistically significant predictors being self-kindness, self-judgment, isolation and over-identification. Self-compassion proved to be a significant mediator of the relationship between perceived social support and impostor syndrome. The findings of this study emphasize the importance of further addressing impostor syndrome in higher education and highlight self-compassion and social support as some of the factors contributing to the mental health and well-being of college students
MASS GRAVES OF VICTIMS OF THE HOMELAND WAR IN THE CROATIAN DANUBE REGION
No full textU doktorskome radu s historiografskog motrišta istražene su masovne grobnice na području hrvatskoga Podunavlja. Radi se o 71-oj do sada otkrivenoj masovnoj grobnici. Grobnice su nastale tijekom Domovinskog rata, a otkrivene su uz pomoć iskaza svjedoka. Nakon provedenih forenzičkih aktivnosti te istražnih radnji podignute su međunarodne i domaće optužnice za počinjene ratne zločine, a koje su počinile srbijanske snage tijekom oružane agresije na Republiku Hrvatsku. Osim povijesnog konteksta, u ovome je radu izvršena podrobna analiza i klasifikacija tih masovnih grobnica sukladno međunarodnim pravnim i drugim strukovnim standardima.
Međunarodni standardi definiraju prikrivene ratne masovne grobnice kao mjesta (lokacije) na kojima su nelegalno pokopani posmrtni ostaci tri ili više osoba, bez obilježja i bez poštivanja drugih mjera prema posmrtnim ostacima koje su mjere određene međunarodnim ratnim i humanitarnim pravom. Prikrivene ratne masovne grobnice su općenito najjasniji pokazatelj provedbe etničkog čišćenja. Stoga su upravo zločini počinjeni etničkim čišćenjem razvidni iz konteksta masovnih grobnica na području hrvatskoga Podunavlja i na drugim područjima Republike Hrvatske. Prve masovne grobnice koje je iza sebe ostavio srbijanski agresor, odnosno snage hrvatskih Srba, Jugoslavenske narodne armije i dobrovoljačkih skupina iz Srbije na području hrvatskoga Podunavlja i na drugim područjima Republike Hrvatske, nastale su već sredinom srpnja 1991. godine.
Istraživanje je provedeno korištenjem znanstvenih metoda historiografije i društvenih znanosti. Prevladava induktivni pristup, kojim su zasebno kvantitativno i kvalitativno analizirane pojedine masovne grobnice te se na temelju toga došlo do sintetičkih zaključka i interpretacija. Nadalje, u kontekstu analize masovnih grobnica u hrvatskom Podunavlju, proširena je dosadašnja teorijska kategorizacija masovnih grobnica. Naime, u dosadašnjem je diskursu prevladavala kategorizacija koja je masovne grobnice dijelila po načinu nastanka na masovne grobnice – stratišta te asanacijske masovne grobnice. Tijekom istraživanja masovnih grobnica uvidjelo se kako je dosadašnja kategorizacija nedostatna odnosno manjkava te je osmišljena i pojašnjena nova kategorizacija koja uključuje i masovne grobnice – sabirališta.
Cjelokupno istraživanje i naročito analiza masovnih grobnica otkrivenih na području hrvatskoga Podunavlja pokazali su kako je srbijanski agresor u potpunosti kršio odredbe međunarodnog ratnog i humanitarnog prava, a to jasno pokazuju i dimenzije provedenog etničkog čišćenja koje su također istražene u ovome radu. Na taj način, ovo prvo sveobuhvatno istraživanje
masovnih grobnica na području hrvatskoga Podunavlja predstavlja prinos znanstvenim spoznajama o srbijanskoj oružanoj agresiji i hrvatskome Domovinskom ratu.The central theme of this paper is the discovered mass graves in the area of the Croatian Danube region, with the aim of the research, classification and analysis of 71 discovered mass graves in the said area. The initial definition is the one that defines mass graves as places where the remains of three or more people were illegally buried, without signs and measures of respect for the remains. Mass graves as a means of ethnic cleansing are one of the clearest indicators of the implementation of ethnic cleansing, taking into account that it is described as a political design that enables the creation of an ethnically pure, homogeneous state. That is, as a planned and deliberate, violent removal of the residents of a certain area who are homogeneous, but undesirable for certain characteristics such as religion, nationality, gender, etc., using force and methods of intimidation to remove persons of another ethnic or religious group from a certain area. In the area of the Croatian Danube region, this political project in the context of mass graves was already reflected in mid-July 1991 and the creation of the first mass graves of the victims of the Homeland War, both in the area of the Croatian Danube region, but also in the entire territory of the Republic of Croatia. This paper analyzed, classified and investigated all discovered mass graves in the area of the Croatian Danube region, where the largest number of mass graves from the Homeland War were found. In this sense, if one takes into account the premise that the areas where the largest number of mass graves were found are those that were exposed to the most severe destruction and suffering, according to the number of mass graves discovered above, it confirms that the area of the Croatian Danube region was the scene of the most severe destruction and suffering. The aforementioned conclusion also stems from the discovery of the first mass grave from the Homeland War, from which the remains of victims, civilians forcibly taken and detained in Tenja at the beginning of July 1991 and killed in the middle of the same month in 1991, were exhumed. At the same time, this conclusion is also confirmed by the discovery of the largest mass graves - the execution site at Grabovo, Ovčara and the largest battlefield clearance grave at the New Cemetery in Vukovar. The analysis of mass graves was carried out using
the inductive and historical method in order to achieve the goal of this research. The inductive approach follows the logic of analyzing individual cases on the basis of which a general conclusion is reached. At the same time, the work is followed by the analysis of individual cases, ie mass graves, within which, in such an individual analysis, the use of several scientific methods is interwoven as part of the processing or research of each grave. In this sense, the analysis of each mass grave was subjected to the historical method, the classification method and the counting method. Furthermore, in the context of the analysis of mass graves, a categorization of mass graves was originally designed with new theoretical considerations. Namely, in the previous discourse, the prevailing categorization was that mass graves were divided by the way they were created into mass graves - execution sites and battlefield clearance mass graves. During the investigation of mass graves, it was determined that the previous division was insufficient, and a new categorization was proposed that includes mass graves – gathering sites. In relation to mass graves - execution sites, the analysis determined that the smallest number of mass graves corresponds to this categorization, which is obvious considering that the clearest characteristic of mass graves is their concealment. Precisely for this reason, the largest number of mass graves (64.7%) corresponds to the categorization of gathering places, that is, those graves that were dug further from the place of execution and that represent places that have the above-mentioned characteristics of mass graves. The graves created by the cleanup of the battlefield represent those that correspond to the provisions of international humanitarian law in relation to the almost minimum legal obligations for victims of armed conflicts - burial in maintained and marked grave sites in accordance with the victim's religion and the exchange of information about the victims and their burial locations. The research showed that out of 71 mass graves, 13 of them correspond to those that can be categorized as graves created by the implementation of battlefield clearance. In this sense, it can be quite clearly concluded that the Serbian forces almost completely ignored the provisions of international humanitarian law, as shown by all the presented dimensions of ethnic cleansing