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SECURITY SPECIFICITIES IN INDUSTRY IN THE COMPANY "PROSTORIA"
No full textRad se bavi ključnim aspektima zaštite na radu i zaštite od požara u kontekstu očuvanja sigurnosti i zdravlja zaposlenika, kao i zaštite imovine i poslovanja. Ističe se važnost implementacije elemenata zaštite na radu, kao što su osobna zaštitna oprema, pravilna obuka, i mjere prevencije, koje smanjuju rizik od ozljeda i profesionalnih bolesti. Također, naglašava se uloga zaštite od požara, uključujući sustave za rano otkrivanje i gašenje požara, kao i postupke evakuacije, u minimiziranju štete i osiguravanju brze reakcije u slučaju požara. Rad obuhvaća opis i značaj različitih zaštitnih sustava, uključujući vatrogasne aparate, hidrantne mreže, sprinkler sustave, i elemente prve pomoći, kao i njihovu ulogu u stvaranju sigurnog radnog okruženja. Kroz analizu tehničkih karakteristika i načina uporabe ovih sustava, rad pokazuje kako njihova pravilna primjena doprinosi zaštiti zaposlenika i imovine te smanjenju rizika i troškova povezanih s nesrećama na radu i požarima. Na kraju, rad zaključuje da sustavna primjena ovih zaštitnih elemenata, uz redovite obuke i vježbe, osigurava usklađenost sa zakonskim propisima i jača kulturu sigurnosti unutar organizacije, čime se postiže veća sigurnost, smanjenje šteta, i dugoročna stabilnost poslovanjaThe paper deals with the key aspects of occupational safety and fire protection in the context of preserving the safety and health of employees, as well as the protection of property and business. The importance of implementing elements of protection at work, such as personal protective equipment, proper training, and prevention measures, which reduce the risk of injuries and occupational diseases, is emphasized. It also emphasizes the role of fire protection, including systems for early detection and extinguishing of fires, as well as evacuation procedures, in minimizing damage and ensuring a faster response in the event of a fire. The paper includes the description and significance of various protective systems, including fire extinguishers, hydrant networks, sprinkler systems, and first aid elements, as well as their role in creating a safe working environment. Through the analysis of the technical characteristics and ways of using these systems, the work shows how their proper application contributes to the protection of employees and property and to the reduction of risks and costs associated with accidents at work and fires. Finally, the paper concludes that the systematic application of these protective elements, along with regular training and exercises, ensures compliance with legal regulations and increases the safety of the culture within the organization, which achieves greater safety, damage reduction and long-term business stabilit
ANALYSIS OF THE INFUENCE ON THE SURGEONS HAND FORCE FOR FOUR DIFFERENT TYPES OF DENTAL GUIDES USING FEM
No full textDentalne vodilice, ključan su alat u modernoj stomatologiji, posebno u implantologiji. One služe kao precizni „vodiči“ prilikom postavljanja dentalnih implantata, omogućujući stomatolozima da implantate postave na točno predviđeno mjesto u čeljusti pacijenta. To osigurava optimalnu poziciju implantata, što je važno za dugoročan uspjeh zahvata. Opisana je povijest dentalnih vodilica, nakon koje su navedene metode kojima se dentalne vodilice obrađuju i izrađuju. Najčešće je to aditivna proizvodnja koja se sastoji od više postupaka “3D printanja polimernih materijala. Odabrano je 5 komercijalno dostupnih materijala i pronađena su njihova svojstva. U praktičnom dijelu rada se upoznaje sa problemom i metodom konačnih elemenata. Na jednom primjeru se pokazuje princip izvođenja simulacija. Objavljuju se rezultati i analiziraju i uspoređuju po različitim materijalima i modelima.Dental guides are a crucial tool in modern dentistry, particularly in implantology. They serve as precise "guides" during the placement of dental implants, allowing dentists to position the implants at the exact intended location in the patient's jaw. This ensures the optimal positioning of the implants, which is important for the long-term success of the procedure. The history of dental guides is described, followed by the methods used for processing and manufacturing dental guides. Most commonly, additive manufacturing is used, which involves various "3D printing" processes of polymer materials. Five commercially available materials were selected, and their properties were determined. In the practical part of the work, the problem and the finite element method are introduced. An example demonstrates the principle of conducting simulations. The results are published, analyzed, and compared across different materials
USE OF DEVICES AND AQUIPEMENT DURING TECHNICAL INTERVENTIONS IN THE FIRE
No full textOvaj rad prikazuje uporabu uređaja i opreme pri tehničkim intervencijama u vatrogastvu, s posebnim naglaskom na učinkovitost i sigurnost prilikom izvođenja tih intervencija. Tehničke intervencije su ključan dio vatrogasnih zadataka i uključuju složene i rizične situacije koje zahtijevaju preciznu uporabu specijaliziranih alata i tehnika. Velika važnost je sigurnost vatrogasaca pri radu s alatom na intervencijama i vježbama, te moraju biti u osobnoj zaštitnoj opremi kako ne bi došlo do mehaničkih ozljeda i opasnosti. U ovom završnom radu predstavljeni su osnovni pojmovi u vatrogastvu, važnost vatrogasaca, zaštitna oprema, alati i tehnička vozila.This paper shows the use of devices and equipment during technical interventions in firefighting, with a special emphasis on efficiency and safety when performing these interventions. Technical interventions are part of firefighting tasks and include complex and risky situations that require the precise use of specialized tools and techniques. The safety of firefighters is of great importance when working with tools during interventions and exercises, and they must wear personal protective equipment to avoid mechanical injuries and dangers. In this final paper, basic terms in firefighting, the importance of firefighters, protective equipment, tools and technical vehicles are presented
SPECIFIC FORMS OF TOURISM IN THE TOURIST OFFER OF UMAG
No full textTema ovog završnog rada su specifični oblici turizma u turističkoj ponudi grada Umaga. Umag se nalazi na sjeverozapadnoj strani Istarske županije. Prometno je dobro povezan s ostatkom Hrvatske, ali i s ostalim zemljama Europe. Razvoju turizma i turističke ponude u ovojdestinaciji pogoduju prirodni resursi poput ugodne mediteranske klime i čistog mora te antropogeni resursi kao što je bogata kulturna baština te razne manifestacije koje Grad organizira. U turističkoj ponudi grada također se nalaze smještajni kapaciteti od kojih su najzastupljeniji hoteli, no najviše je noćenja ostvareno u kampovima zatim u hotelima od strane stranih turista u 2023. godini. Emitivna tržišta koja svake godine posjećuju Umag su turisti iz Njemačke, Slovenije, Italije, Češke i Austrije. Gospodarstvu grada Umaga najviše doprinosi djelatnost turizma te djelatnost trgovine na veliko i na malo čemu pogoduje geografski položaj grada. Analizom okruženja utvrdila se konkurentnost grada Umaga s gradovima Porečom i Rovinjem zbog čega je nastao klaster Sjeverozapadne Istre kojemu je cilj unapređenje ponude, smanjenje konkurentnosti i senzonalnosti. Grad Umag razvio je specifične oblike turizma radiunapređenja turističke ponude i prepoznatljivosti na turističkom tržištu. Najrazvijeniji specifični oblik turizma je sportski turizam s obzirom na broj sportova u ponudi s tenisom kao najrazvijenijim sportom, sportske infrastrukture i udruga u sportu. Osim sportskog turizma razvijen je cikloturizam kao podvrsta sportskog turizma, kulturni turizam, eno-gastronomski koji se promovira kroz gourmet ponuda klastera, kamping turizam koji je razvijen kroz bogatuponudu kampova i popratnih sadržaja kampova, zdravstveni turizam u obliku wellness ponudepojedinih hotela te nautički turizam nautičke ACI marine Umag. Rad završava SWOT analizom te zaključkom.The topic of this final paper is the specific forms of tourism in the tourist offer of the city of Umag. Umag is located on the northwestern side of island of Istria. It is well connected by traffic withthe rest of Croatia, but also with other European countires. The development of tourism and tourist offer in this destination is favored by natural resources such as the pleasant Mediterranean climate and clean sea, anthropogenic resources such as the rich cultural heritage and various events orhanized by the City. The cirty’s tourist offer also includes accommodation facilities, of which hotels are the most represended, but the most overniht staysare in camps, followed by hotels by foregin tourists in 2023. The emission markets that visit Umag every year are tourists from Germany, Slovenia, Italy, the Czech Republic and Austria. Tourism and wholesale and retail trade contribute the most to the economy of the city of Umag, which is favored the city’s geographical location. The analysis of the environment determined the competitiveness of the city of Umag with cities of Poreč and Rovinj, which is why Northerstern Istria Cluster was created, which aims to improve the offer, reduce competitiveness and seasonality. The city of Umag has developed specific forms of tourism inorder to improve the tourist offer and recognition on the tourist market. The most developed specific forms of tourism is sports tourism considering the number of sports on offer with tennisas the most developed sport, sports infrastucture and sports associations. In addition to sports tourism, cyclotourism has been developed as a subtype of sports tourism, eno-gastronomic tourism which is promoted through the cluster’s gourmet offer, camping tourism which has been developed throught rich offer of camps and accompanying camp facilities, health tourismin the form of wellness offers of individual hotels and nautical tourism of nautical ACI marina Umag. The paper ends with a SWOT analysis and a conclusion
PREPARATION OF THREAT ASSESSMENT AND PROTECTION PLAN IN HOSPITAL FACILITIES
No full textOvaj diplomski rad istražuje proces izrade prosudbe ugroženosti i plana zaštite u bolničkim ustanovama s ciljem poboljšanja pripremljenosti i reakcije na različite prijetnje i opasnosti. Prvo, pregledavamo važnost prosudbe ugroženosti u bolnicama kao ključnog koraka u identificiranju potencijalnih rizika i ranjivih točaka. Zatim analiziramo postupak izrade plana zaštite, koji uključuje definiranje mjera za smanjenje rizika, odgovarajuće upravljanje kriznim situacijama te pripremu za hitne intervencije. Posebna pozornost posvećena je integraciji različitih aspekata sigurnosti, uključujući zaštitu od požara, terorističkih napada, medicinskih kriznih situacija i drugih izvanrednih događaja. Nadalje, razmatramo važnost kontinuirane revizije i ažuriranja planova zaštite kako bi se osigurala njihova relevantnost i učinkovitost. Kroz ovaj rad ističemo ključne korake i smjernice za izradu sveobuhvatnog i prilagođenog plana zaštite u bolničkim ustanovama te naglašavamo važnost suradnje, obuke osoblja i kontinuirane pripremljenosti za potencijalne izvanredne situacije.This Final paper investigates the process of developing a threat assessment and protection plan in hospital institutions with the aim of improving preparedness and response to various threats and dangers. First, we review the importance of vulnerability assessment in hospitals as a key step in identifying potential risks and vulnerabilities. Then we analyze the process of creating a protection plan, which includes defining risk reduction measures, appropriate management of crisis situations and preparation for emergency interventions. Special attention is paid to the integration of various aspects of security, including protection against fire, terrorist attacks, medical crises and other extraordinary events. Furthermore, we consider the importance of continuously reviewing and updating protection plans to ensure their relevance and effectiveness. Through this paper, we highlight the key steps and guidelines for creating a comprehensive and customized protection plan in hospital institutions and emphasize the importance of cooperation, staff training and continuous preparedness for potential emergency situations
SIMULATOR OF FLAME STRIKES AND FLAME BLOW FLASHOVER
No full textPoznato je da su poslovi koje obavljaju vatrogasci vrlo rizični. U svijetu se spoznalo da su u velikom postotku uzroci stradavanja i pogibije vatrogasaca neke od vrsta plamenih udara. Kako bi se smanjilo stradanje vatrogasaca došlo se do ideje za simuliranje požara i plamenih udara i njihovo promatranje i suzbijanje u sigurnim uvjetima, kako bi vatrogasci naučeno mogli primijeniti na intervencijama u stvarnim požarima. U Švedskoj su se za simulacije počeli primjenjivati čelični brodski kontejneri. Uvidjelo se da se u njima postižu značajni rezultati i taj oblik treninga sve se više počeo unaprjeđivati i provoditi. Istaknute su mjere zaštite koje se moraju provoditi i odabrani su najbolji oblici simulatora. Razvile su se i specijalizirane tvrtke koje provode takva uvježbavanja. Postoje i podaci o stradanjima vatrogasaca u ovim simulatorima, ali se daljnjim istraživanjima zaključilo da se u tim simulatorima nisu provodile mjere zaštite i da se nisu osigurali sigurni uvjeti. Ovakvi treninzi su se uz pomoć švedskih vatrogasaca počeli provoditi i u Sloveniji. Vatrogasci koji su prošli ovakav trening tvrde da se sada osjećaju sigurnije na intervencijama i da imaju više samopouzdanja. U slučajevima ekstremnih oblika ponašanja požara, u što spadaju i plameni udari , vatrogasac bez iskustva s plamenim udarima je u vrlo teškoj situaciji. Postoji velika mogućnost pogibije, ozljeđivanja ili neuspješnog odrađivanja same intervencije. Svrha simulatora plamenih udara nije „proizvodnja“ flashovera i mučenje vatrogasaca u uvjetima visokih temperatura, već je svrha upoznati neprijatelja i shvatiti ponašanje požara u prostoru. Vatrogasac u simulatoru može na siguran način, u uvjetima najsličnijima onima na intervenciji, sa svom zaštitnom opremom koju koristi, s radnim kolegama, i s mlaznicom koju uporablja, upoznati tog požarnog neprijatelja.It is known that the jobs performed by firefighters are very risky. It has become known throughout the world that a large percentage of firemen who died were caused by some type of flame shock. In order to reduce the suffering of firefighters, ideas were developed for simulating fires and flaming shocks and observing and suppressing them in safe conditions so that firefighters could apply what they learned to interventions in real fires. In Sweden, steel shipping containers began to be used for simulations. It was seen that significant results were achieved in them, and this form of training began to be improved and implemented more and more. The protective measures that must be implemented are highlighted and the best forms of simulators are selected. Specialized companies that conduct such trainings have also developed. There are also data on the casualties of firefighters in these simulators, but further research revealed that no protective measures were implemented in these simulators and safe conditions were not ensured. These types of trainings, with the help of firefighters from Sweden, started to be conducted in neighboring Slovenia as well. Firefighters who have undergone this type of training claim that they now feel safer during interventions and that they are more confident in themselves. In cases of extreme forms of fire behavior, which include flame bursts, a firefighter without experience with flame bursts is in a very difficult situation. There is a high possibility of death, injury or unsuccessful performance of the intervention itself. The purpose of the flame shock simulator is not to "produce" flashovers and torture firefighters in conditions of high temperatures, but to get to know the enemy and understand the behavior of fires in space. The firefighter in the simulator can meet the fire enemy in a safe way, in the conditions closest to possible intervention, with the protective equipment he uses, with the colleagues he works with, with the nozzle he uses
INFLUENCE OF MATERIAL AND TECHNOLOGIES ON THE SURFACE ROUGHNESS
No full textOvaj diplomski rad stastavljen je od dva dijela, teorijskog i eksperimentalnog. Unutar teorijskog dijela, opisane su tehnologije obrade odvajanjem čestica i aditivna tehnologija. Nakon opisa tehnologija, opisana je hrapavost površina prema kojoj se mjere izrađeni uzorci opisani prethodnim tehnologijama. Eksperimentalni dio, proveden kao drugi dio rada, započinje konstruiranjem uzoraka koji će biti izrađeni aditivnom tehnologijom i obradom odvajanja čestica. Uzorci izrađeni obradom odvajanjem čestica su od aluminijske legure, dok se aditivnom tehnologijom izrađuju polimerni uzorci. Analizom rezultata uspoređuju se vremena izrade uzoraka, njihova hrapavost i ukupni trošak izrade uzorka. Ovim radom se prikazuje isplativost odabira određene tehnolgije u ovisnosti o postavljenim konstrukcijskim zahtjevima za izradu proizvoda.This master thesis is made up of two parts, the theoretical and the experimental. Within the theoretical part, processing technologies of machining and additive manufacturing are described in it. After description of the technologies, the roughness of the surfaces is described, according to which the samples made using the previous technologies are measured. The experimental part carried out as the second part of the work begins with the construction of samples that will be made using additive technology and machining. Samples made by machining are made of aluminum alloy, while polymer samples are made by additive manufacturing. The analysis of the results compares the time of making the samples, their roughness and the total cost of making the sample. This paper shows the profitability of choosing a certain technology depending on the set design requirements for the production of the product
TEHNOLOGICAL PROCESS OF UNLOADING FUEL FROM A TANKER TRUCK INTO A STORAGE TANK AT A GAS STATION
No full textOvaj završni rad dublje ispituje tehničke aspekte, sigurnosne smjernice i tehnološke inovacije koje su ključne u procesu istakanja goriva na benzinskim postajama. Svrha je analizirati proces punjenja vozila, istražiti sigurnosne aspekte koji se tiču kako radnika tako i korisnika benzinskih postaja te identificirati nove tehnologije koje doprinose efikasnosti i sigurnosti. Nadalje, s obzirom na rastuću potražnju za obnovljivim izvorima energije, u radu se raspravlja i o mogućnostima automatizacije procesa istakanja goriva te njihovom utjecaju na održivi razvoj. U prvom dijelu rada, detaljno se istražuju karakteristike benzinskih i dizelskih goriva te njihov utjecaj na proces punjenja vozila. Posebna pažnja posvećuje se analizi novih zakonodavnih okvira i sigurnosnih smjernica koje su od vitalnog značaja za osiguranje sigurnosti radnika i korisnika benzinskih postaja. Istražuju se i najnoviji trendovi u tehnološkim inovacijama koje poboljšavaju sigurnost i efikasnost procesa istakanja goriva. U drugom dijelu rada, naglasak je na praksama i tehnikama koje se koriste u procesu istakanja goriva iz autocisterne u spremnik. Detaljno se opisuju koraci pripreme za istakanje goriva, tehnike pumpanja goriva te kontrola protoka i nadzor tijekom cijelog procesa. Posebna pozornost posvećuje se obuci osoblja o sigurnosnim mjerama kako bi se osigurala ispravna primjena postupaka i tehnika. U zaključku, ističe se ključna važnost sigurnosti i efikasnosti u procesu istakanja goriva na benzinskim postajama. Naglašava se potreba za kontinuiranim praćenjem i implementacijom novih tehnoloških rješenja kako bi se osigurala sigurnost radnika i korisnika te promovirala održivost u industriji goriva.This final paper delves into the technical aspects, safety guidelines, and technological innovations crucial in the fuel dispensing process at gas stations. The purpose is to analyze the vehicle refueling process, explore safety aspects concerning both workers and users of gas stations, and identify new technologies contributing to efficiency and safety. Furthermore, considering the growing demand for renewable energy sources, the paper discusses the possibilities of automating the fuel dispensing process and its impact on sustainable development. The first part explores the characteristics of gasoline and diesel fuels and their impact on vehicle refueling. It emphasizes the analysis of new legislative frameworks and safety guidelines vital for ensuring the safety of workers and users of gas stations, along with the latest trends in technological innovations improving safety and efficiency. The second part focuses on the practices and techniques used in fuel dispensing from the tanker truck to the tank. It details the steps for preparing fuel dispensing, fuel pumping techniques, and flow control and supervision throughout the process, with special attention to staff training in safety measures. In conclusion, the paper underscores the crucial importance of safety and efficiency in the fuel dispensing process at gas stations, emphasizing the need for continuous monitoring and implementation of new technological solutions to ensure safety, promote sustainability, and provide a foundation for further research and implementation of advanced technological solutions
PROTECTION DURING USE ADDITIVE TECHNOLOGY DEVICES (3D PRINTERS)
No full textProizvodnja je obrada sirovog materijala s ciljem stvaranja korisnog proizvoda, a počinje idejom i potrebama tržišta - kupaca. Kada govorimo o suvremenoj proizvodnji, pojavljuju se nove tehnologije izrade dijelova. Osnovna podjela procesa aditivnih tehnologija je na procese taloženja materijala, procese zasnovane za praškastim materijalima i na tekućim materijalima. [1] U ovom radu naglasak će biti upravo na 3D printerima i sigurnosti pri radu s istima, koji se ponajprije upotrebljavaju za izradu prototipova, ali se sve više primjenjuju u maloj i industrijskoj proizvodnji. 3D printeri otvaraju širok spektar kreativnih mogućnosti, sadrže brojne prednosti, ali i nedostatke, a najvažnije je istaknuti kako će 3D printeri imati veliku važnost u budućnosti proizvodnje. Zbog svega navedenog, javlja se pitanje zaštite pri radu s aditivnim tehnologijama (3D printerima), a koji je glavni dio ovoga rada. U radu će biti prikazane opasnosti pri radu s 3D printerima, a nastavno odgovarajuća osobna zaštitna oprema i zaštitne naprave te naposljetku kratke upute za rad na siguran način. [2]Production is processing of raw material toward the creation a new product and it starts with the idea and needs of the market. When we talk about modern production, new technologies for making parts appears. The basic division of additive technology processes is into material deposition processes, processes based on powder materials and on liquid materials. [1] In this thesesis, the emphasis will be on 3D printers and safety during use this technology, which are primarly used for creating prototypes, but they are increasingly used in small and industrial production. 3D printers open up a wide spectrum of creative possibilities, they contain numerous advantages, but also disadvantages, and the most important thing to point out is that 3D printers will have great importance in the future of production. Due to all above, the issue of protection during use additive technologies (3D printers) appears, which is the main part of this thesesis. This final thesesis will present the hazards during use 3D printers and, of course, appropriate personal protective equipment and protective devices, and finally brief instructions for working in a safe manner. [2
ELECTROFUSION WELDING
No full textU ovom radu opisan je postupak elektrofuzijskog zavarivanja zajedno sa svim potrebnim elementima. U uvodnom dijelu navedene su karakteristike cijevi s u kojima su standardizirane vrijednosti koje određuju proizvođači cijevi. Osim informacija o cijevima ukratko je opisan proces izrade cijevi postupkom ekstrdurianja i navedene su vrste spajanja PE cijevi. U dijelu elektrofuzijskog zavarivanja objašnjeno je na koji način se vrši postupak, kako dolazi do spajanja cijevi i spojnih elemenata te kako izgleda presjek spoja cijevi i elementa za spajanje. U eksperimentalnom dijelu predočene su slike sa gradilišta gdje se vršio proces elektrofuzijskog zavarivanja.In the final paper the process of electrofusion welding is described along with all the necessary elements. In the introductory part, the characteristics of the pipes are listed with standardized values determined by the pipe manufacturers. In addition to information about pipes, the process of making pipes using the extrusion process is briefly described and the types of joining PE pipes are listed. In the part of electrofusion welding, it is explained how the procedure is performed, how the pipe and connecting element are joined, and what the cross-section of the pipe and connecting element looks like. In the experimental part, pictures from the construction site where the electrofusion welding process was performed were presented